Salivary glands disorders

2. Presented by :
Haidy A.said ,Sarah
Cherif, Yasmin
Khaled
Under supervision:
A.Prof Samah Kamel

3. systemic means affecting the entire body, rather than a single
organ or body part.
Salivary dysfunction:
any alteration in the qualitative or
quantitative output of saliva caused by
either
A decrease in salivary output
Hyposalivation
An increase in salivary output
Hypersalivation

4. Hyposalivation is the objective measurement of reduced salivary
secretion
xerostomia is the subjective experience of mouth dryness.
So, yes, there’s a difference between them and the evidence is
some patients with hyposalivation aren’t xerostomic and vice
versa.
Hyposalivation and xerostomia are the most scientifically
explored , compared to hypersalivation.

5. Stress as well affects all of
the body.
symptoms of stress include:
Upset stomach, including
diarrhea, constipation, and
nausea-Chest pain and rapid
heartbeat which can lead to
Cardiovascular disease,
including stroke and heart
attacks
Evidence to support
depression as a systemic
disease comes in the form
of biological changes that
are seen in patients with
depression. For example,
inflammation, platelet
activity and autonomic
nervous system activity all
that can be influenced by

6. Experiments results revealed that stress and depression had a significant
relationship with unstimulated salivary flow rate and xerostomia which is the
subjective feeling of a dry mouth
stress :
can result in salivary gland hypo-function, which will reduce salivary
flow.
Xerostomia was reported in 51% of patients suffering from stress
depression :
by stimulation of anticholinergic mechanisms, can reduce salivary
flow rate.
And interestingly, it’s been found that patients that have idiopathic dry
mouth had more depressive symptoms than those who don’t.

7. • Definition: abnormal metabolism of carbohydrates with
elevated levels of glucose in blood.
• Studies were made based on the effect of diabetes
mellites type 1 and 2 on salivary glands function compared
to healthy age matched controls.
Both type 1 and
type 2 diabetic
patients have
less stimulated
saliva
They have
higher levels of
calcium in saliva
They have
lower levels of
Mg, Zn
They have
increased
stimulated
salivary protein
conc.

8. conclusion of research
• May lead to dysfunction of secretory capacity
of salivary glands
Complications
• Modified fluid, organic and inorganic salivary
secretion may be responsible for increased tendency
to oral infections and impaired wound healing.
Treatment
• Adult salivary gland stem cells
can repair the damage

9. What is Sjogren's syndrome ?
syndrome is a disorder of your immune
system identified by its two most common
symptoms — dry eyes and a dry mouth.
Your mouth might feel like it's full of
cotton, making it difficult to swallow or
speak. It can sometimes get problems in
other parts of your body, such as swollen
glands ,dry skin, or painful and stiff joints.

10. Causes :
Scientists aren't certain why some people develop
Sjogren's syndrome. It is an autoimmune disorder.
Your immune system mistakenly attacks your
body's own cells and tissues. It first targets the
glands that make tears and saliva and cause
dryness
Types:
Sjogren’s syndrome can be seen alone : primary type
or it can be seen with another autoimmune rheumatic
disease: secondary type

11. Sex. Women are much more likely to have Sjogren's syndrome
more than 90% of patients are women.
Age. Sjogren's syndrome is usually diagnosed in people older
than 40.
Rheumatic disease. It's common for people who have Sjogren's
syndrome to also have a rheumatic disease — such as
rheumatoid arthritis or lupus.
Doctors might suggest medications that Increase production
of saliva.
• Increase your fluid intake.
• Stimulate saliva flow.
• Try artificial saliva

12. Complications:
not enough saliva can lead to
1- Increased plaque, tooth decay,
gum disease and even tooth loss
2- Mouth sores
3- Yeast infection
4- Poor nutrition from having problems
with chewing and swallowing

13. References :
- https://www.webmd.com/balance/stress-management/stress-symptoms-effects_of-stress-on-the-body#2
- https://www.verywellmind.com/depression-as-a-systemic-disease-4161167
- https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/002294.htm
- https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5768958/
- https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/sjogrens-syndrome/symptoms-causes/syc-20353216
- https://www.webmd.com/a-to-z-guides/sjogrens-syndrome#1
- Bültzingslöwen et al. (2007) . Salivary dysfunction associated with systemic diseases: systematic review and
clinical management recommendations. SE-405 30 Göteborg . Box 450 .