4. Factors :-
1. Bacteria
• Initiation of tissue destruction
1. increased permeability in JE.
2. Apoptosis of bacteria invaded
cells
3. Coronal degeneration and
detachment of JE.
4. Apical and lateral migration
of JE.
6. 2.Trauma effect
May occur due to
a) Intentional trauma :
1. periodontal surgeries where JE is completely
lost.
b) Accidental trauma :
1. during probing
2. during flossing
3. during tooth margins
preparations for restorations
7. What happens?!!
oTrauma from occlusion causes
1. Widenning of the marginal PDL space.
2. narrowing of the inter proximal alveolar bone.
Then
The JE will be intact and there will be no degeneration of the
epithelial tissues unless there is any plaque accumulation
8. 3. Periodontal pocket
oDefinition: is the increase in depth of gingival sulcus lead to
apical migration of junctional epithelium
oResult in:
1. a bluish red vertical line originate
2. Gingival bleeding
3. Tooth mobility
4. Diastema case
5. Sever inflammation in DGJ
9. Effect of gingivitis
oNot all the stimulant of DGJ is bad when subjected to effect
but may give advantage as in: gingivitis
10. Effect of gingivitis
oResult is
1. The initial lesion: leucocyte increase in DGJ and connective
tissue and DGJ develop rete pegs in lesion od gingivitis
2. The established lesion: the JE is reveal intracellular space
filled with granular cellular debris including; lysosome and
monocytes
