Nephrotic syndrome is a kidney disorder that causes your body to pass too much protein in your urine. Nephrotic syndrome is usually caused by damage to the clusters of small blood vessels in your kidneys that filter waste and excess water from your blood.

1. Presented by:
Mr. Abhay Rajpoot

2. Nephrotic syndrome is a primary glomerular disease
characterized by proteinuria ,hypoalbuminemia , diffuse
edema ,high serum cholesterol and hyperlipidemia.

3. Nephrotic syndrome is a collection of symptoms due
to kidney damage. This includes protein in the urine, low
blood albumin levels, high blood lipids, and
significant swelling.

4. Nephrotic syndrome is quite rare but has an important
role to play in the development of kidney disease. In
adults, the incidence of the condition is approximately
3 cases per 100,000 per year. The incidence of minimal
change disease in Caucasian children is reported to be 2
per 100,000.

5.  Medical conditions that can damage the kidneys
 Certain medications.
 Certain infections.

6. Nephrotic syndrome is usually caused by damage to the
clusters of tiny blood vessels (glomeruli) of the
kidneys.

7.  Auto immune reaction
 Diabetic kidney disease.
 Minimal change disease
 Renal disorder
 Membranous nephropathy.
 Systemic lupus erythematosus
 Blood clot in a kidney vein.

9.  Edema.
 Irritability
 Immunosuppression.
 Proteinuria
 Severe swelling (edema), particularly around your
eyes and in your ankles and feet
 Weight gain due to excess fluid retention
 Fatigue
 Anorexia

12. .

13.  Blood clots.
 High blood cholesterol and elevated blood triglycerides
 Poor nutrition.
 High blood pressure.
 Acute kidney failure
 Chronic kidney disease
 Infections

14. Cholesterol-reducing medications.
Medications called statins can help lower cholesterol
levels.
Ex.
-Atorvastatin
-Fluvastatin

15. Blood thinners. Medications called anticoagulants help
decrease blood's ability to clot.
Ex.
-Heparin
-Warfarin

16. Immune system-suppressing medications.
Medications to control the immune system, such as –
Ex.
-Corticosteroids

17. Nursing Assessment
 Edema. Observe for edema when performing physical
examination of the child with nephrotic syndrome.
 Weight and measure. Weight the child and record the
abdominal measurements to serve as a baseline.
 Vital signs. Obtain vital signs,
including blood pressure.
 Pitting edema. Note any swelling about the eyes or the
ankles and other dependent parts.
 Skin. Inspect the skin for pallor, irritation, or
breakdown; examine the scrotal area of the male child
for swelling, redness, and irritation.

18.  Excess fluid volume related to fluid
accumulation in tissues and third spaces.
 Risk for imbalanced nutrition: less than body
requirements related to anorexia.
 Risk for impaired skin integrity related to
edema.
 Fatigue related to edema and disease process.
 Risk for infection related to immunosuppression.

19.  Monitoring fluid intake and output.
 Improving nutritional intake.
 Promoting skin integrity.
 Promoting energy conservation.
 Preventing infection.

20.  Goals are met as evidenced by:
 Relief from edema.
 Improvement of nutritional status.
 Maintenance of skin integrity.
 Conservation of energy.
 Prevention of infection.

21.  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/244631-
overview
 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nephrotic_syndrome
 https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-
conditions/nephrotic-syndrome/symptoms-
causes/syc-20375608
 http://www.renalmed.co.uk/database/nephrotic-
syndrome
 http://www.kidneyfund.org/kidney-disease/other-
kidney-conditions/nephrotic-syndrome.html
 https://nurseslabs.com/nephrotic-syndrome/