ppt on new world of technology

2. NANOROBOTICS
By NISA NASEEM
2017-GCWUF-3474

3. Presentation Overview
 Introduction to NanoRobotics
 Features
 Challenges in building Nanorobot
 Types of Making Nanorobots
 Applications using Nanorobots
 Advantages
 Disadvantages
 Furure of Nanorobots
 Conclusion

4. INTRODUCTION
 The possibility of nanorobots was first proposed by Richard
Feyman in his talk “There’s Plenty of Room at the Bottom” in 1959.
 Robotics is the use of technology to design and manufacture
(intelligent) machines, built for specific purposes, programmed to
perform specific tasks.
 Generally nanotechnology deals with size ranging from 1 to 100
nanometer.
 Nanorobots are nanodevices that will be used for the purpose of
maintaining and protecting the human body against pathogens.

5. What is a NanoRobot?
 NANORobots are programmable
machines
 Robots range from small, miniature
machines, to large crane size
constructions
 Nanorobotics research has
proceeded along two lines:
- first is devoted to simulation
with nanoscale dimensions.
- second involves manipulation
with macroscopic instruments.

6. Features of Nanorobots
 Nanorobots can be categorized into two
groups called autonomous robots and
insect robots.
 A major asset of nanorobots is that they
require very little energy to operate.
 Durability is another potential asset,
may remain operational for years,
decades or centuries.
 High speed is also a significant
consideration. It can operate much
faster than their larger counterparts.

7. ELEMENTS
 Carbon is be the principal element comprising
the bulk of a medical nanorobot, probably in the
form of diamond or diamondoid
nanocomposites.
 Many other light elements such as hydrogen,
sulfur, oxygen, nitrogen, fluorine, silicon, etc. will
be used for special purposes in nanoscale
gears and other components.

8. Challenges in building Nanorobot
 Some interesting challenges
plague the fabrication of
Nanorobot with moving part.
 An important challenge to
overcome is one of engineering.
 How to reduce friction and
sticking nature of small devices.
 How to supply power.
 How would a self-replicating
Nanorobot store and use
information.
 How to program Nanorobot

9. Types of Making Nanorobots
 1. Nubots: The first approach is through nubots. Nubot
is an abbreviation for ‘nucleic acid robots.’ Nubots are
organic molecular machines at the nanoscale. DNA
structure can provide means to assemble 2D and 3D
nanomechanical devices.
 2. Bacteria based: This approach proposes the use of
biological microorganisms, like the bacterium
E(Escherichia)- coli. Thus the model uses a flagellum for
propulsion purposes. The uses of electromagnetic fields
are normally applied to control the motion of this kind of
biological integrated device.

10. SWIMMING NANOROBOTS
 Swimming robots are micro or nano
robots that can swim when injected
into the body via vascular and
digestive system by using blood sugar
as fuel.
 They are used to perform medical
task the main aim of these robots is to
avoid major surgery and enhance
diagnosis of disease.
 The capabilities of nanorobots include
therapeutic and diagnostic functions
such as ultrasounding, biopsy, laser
and produce heat by retractable arm

11. Applications
 Breaking up Blood clots , Kidney Stones , Liver
Stones.
 To Cure skin Diseases and as cosmetic cream.
 Heart Surgery, Tumors.
 Neuron replacement.
 It would prevent heart attack , kill cancer cells
etc.
 It would augment immune system by finding
and killing bacteria and viruses.
 It can be used a a mouthwash to do all
brushing and flossing.
 Smart anti-cancer Therapeutics.
 Parasite removal.
 Targeted drug delivery.
 In treatment of Arteriosclerosis.

12. WORKING OF
NANOROBOTICS
 When an implantation of a tiny robot into our blood
stream. The robot detects the cause of the fever, travels
to the appropriate system and provides a dose of
medication directly to the infected area.

13. Nanorobots in medicine
 It’s structure will have two spaces
consisting of interior and exterior.
 They will communicate with doctor
by encoding messages to acoustic
signals.
 The production of nanorobots has
taken a step closer to real
application due to technological
advancements such as AFM , bionic
motors, nanotanks, DNA as
computer, and nano robotics arms.
 Leonard Adleman confirmed that
DNA is programmable in
computers.

14. Nanorobots can be used in blood cell
to detect pathogens.

15. Advantages
 Small Size.
 Inexpensive(if mass produced).
 No maintenance.
 Automated
 Fast process & results are accurate.
 Painless Treatment
 Easily Disposable
 Rapid elimination of disease.
 Involves less psychological strain
 Harmful ray attack is reduced.

16. Advantages
 Nanorobot might function at the atomic and molecular level to build
devices, machines or circuits known as molecular manufacturing.
 Nanorobots might also produce copies of themselves to replace
worn-out units, a process called self- replication.
 The microscopic size of nanomachines translates into high
operational speed.
 Individual units require only a tiny amount of energy to operate.
 The major advantage of nanorobots is thought to be their durability,
in theory, they can remain operational for years, decades or
centuries.
 Durability is another potential asset

17. Disadvantage
 Expensive technology.
 Very complicate design (Practical implementation is
some what difficult).
 nitial design cost is very high.
 Hard to program.
 Limited external control mechanisms.
 Some times robots goes out of control in human body.
 Should be Accurate if not harmful effect occurs.
 May affect human health by introducing toxicity in blood.
 Risk of cancer

18. Future of Nanorobotics
 In industry and manufacturing.
 In supercomputer: Nanites could mean faster
computers, less pollution and cheaper energy .
 To monitor potentially dangerous
microorganisms in the ocean.
 Use in Defence System.
 In brain’s growth.
 They could produce a stain-resistant trousers, to
the most speculative extrapolations, such as
self- replicating nanorobots.
 In space technology.
 Nanorobots can be used to actively repair
damaged suit materials while an astronaut is in
the field.
 Measurement of toxic elements in environment.

19. Conclusions
 All of the current developments in technology directs human a step closer to
nanorobots production.
 Nanorobots can theoretically destroy all common diseases of the 20th century,
thereby ending much of the pain and suffering.
 Although research into nanorobots is in its preliminary stages, the promise of such
technology is endless.
 Nanobots are going to revolutionize the medical industry in future.
 Recent advancement in the field of Nanorobotics gives the hope of the effective use
of this technology in medical field.
 The nanorobots are used in heart surgery, due to this number of risks and side
effects behind is reduced.
 The same technique is used in various treatments like cancer, breaking kidney
stones, breaking liver stones, parasite removal only with slight modification.
 Within ten year several advancement technologies should be made from this
nanorobotics.
 Nanomachines are largely in the research-and-development phase