Nano robots in madicine

1. Nano-Robotics
Geetika
CTIEMT
CT Group of Institutions
Jalandhar, India
geetika.dadra1@gmail.com
Amanjot
CTIEMT
CT Group of Institutions
Jalandhar, India
amanjotkaur31796@gmail.com
Veena
CTIEMT
CT Group of Institutions
Jalandhar, India
veenu.sharma1675@gmail.com
Abstract: This Paper focuses on the state of the art in the field of
Nano-robotics by describing various molecular level systems and
associated design and control issues. Nano-robots are controllable
machines at the Nano (10-9) meter or molecular scale that are
composed of Nano-scale components. With the modern scientific
capabilities, it has become possible to attempt thecreation of
nanorobotic devices and interface them with the macro world for
control. There are countless such machines that exist in nature and
there is an opportunity to build more of them by mimicking nature.
Even if the field of nanorobotics is fundamentally different than
that of macrorobots due to the differences in scale and material,
there are many similarities in design and control techniques that
eventually could be projected and applied. A roadmap towards the
progression of this field is proposed and some design concept and
philosophies are illustrated. Two types of control mechanisms are
given with examples and further hybrid mechanisms are proposed.
There are many applications for nanorobotic systems and its
biggest impact would be in the area of medicine.
Keywords: Introduction of Nanorobotics, Nanorobots and
Approaches of Nanorobots, Structure And Working, Features,
Applications of nanorobots, Advantages, disadvantages, future
scope, conclusion.
1. INTRODUCTION
Like nanotechnology, Robotics is the use of technology to
design and manufacture (intelligent) machines, built for
specific purposes, programmed to perform specific tasks. It
deals with the controlled manipulation of objects with
nanometer scale dimensions Nano manipulation is most
effective process. It is concerned with construction and
programming of robots with overall dimensions at the
nanoscale. It is concerned with atomic and molecular-sized
objects and is also called Molecular Robotics.
Nanorobotics research has proceeded along two lines:
- first is devoted to simulation with nanoscale dimensions.
- second involves manipulation with macroscopic instruments.
2. NANOROBOTS
Nanorobots constitute any passive or active structure capable
of actuation, sensing, signaling, info-processing, intelligence,
swarm behavior at nano scale. These functionalities could be
illustrated individually or in combinations by a nano robot
Figure 1: Bio-Nanorobotics
So, there could be a whole genre of actuation and sensing or
information processing nano robots having ability to interact
and influence matter at the nano scale. Some of the
characteristic abilities that are desirable for a nanorobot to
function are:
o Swarm Intelligence – decentralization and distributive
intelligence
o Cooperativebehavior – emergent and evolutionary
behavior
o Self-assemblyandreplication – assemblage at nano scale
and ‘nano maintenance’.
o Nano Information processing and programmability – for
programming and controlling nanorobots (autonomous
nanorobots)
o Nano to macro world interface architecture – an
architecture enabling instant access to the nanorobots and
its control and maintenance.
2.1 Approaches of Nanorobots:
o Biochip
o Nubots

2. o Surface-bound systems
o Positional Nano assembly
o Bacteria-based
o Virus-based
o Open technology
o Nanorobot race
2.2 Structure of Nanorobots:
It consist of a) Fins, b) Molecular sorting rotor
c) Propellers d) Sensors range
Figure 2: Nano Robot Structure
2.3 Working
Nanorobotics plays vital role in the development of efficient
robots. It uses nano components and there objects to build the
structure of robots. Its nano nature allows scientists and
engineers to engineer the mimic of human beings. Most
complex parts of robots can be constructed well with the help
ofnanorobotics. The devices which are created with the help of
nanorobotics is known as hypothetical devices, names such as
nanobots, nanoids, nanites or nanomites are also used to
explain the machines by nanorobotics. Nanorobotics permits
robots for precisions and interactions of different function with
nano scale objects, all the robots with Nano scaling are
operated at nanoscale resolution. Each part and component of a
robot from infra structure chip to external body is configured at
atomic scale. Although nanorobotics makes structure of the
robot complex but it facilitates the device with extra ordinary
intelligence and efficiency.
3. APPLICATIONS:
o Nanomedicine
o Mechanical,
o Nanorobotics uses in health care
o Anti hiv using nanotechnology
o Nano robots in cancer treatment
o Biomedical applications of nanorobots
o Nano robots in gene therapy
o Nano robot for brain
o Nanorobots treatment of diabetes
4. PROS and CONS
4.1 Advantages
o More than million people in this world are affected by this
dreaded disease. Currently there is no permanent vaccine
or medicine is available to cure the disease. The currently
available drugs can increase the patient’s life to a few
years only, so the invention of this nanorobot will make
the patients to get rid of the disease.
o As the nanorobot do not generate any harmful activities
there is no side effect. It operates at specific site only.
o The initial cost of development is only high but the
manufacturing by batch processing reduces the cost.
4.2 Disadvantages
o The nanorobot should be very accurate, otherwise harmful
effects may occur.
o The initial design cost is very high.
o The design of this nanorobot is a very complicated one
CONCLUSION
The paper is just a theoretical justification. But the recent
advancement in the field of nanotechnology gives the hope of
the effective use of this technology inmedical field. This paper
starts by giving an introduction to nanorobots and its
importance as recognized by various other technocrats. This is
the beginning of nanoera and we could expect further
improvements such as a medicine to AIDS. Nanorobots can
theoretically destroy all common diseases of the 20th century,
thereby ending much of the pain and suffering. Although
research into nanorobots is in its preliminary stages, the
promise of such technology is endless.

3. REFERENCES
1. http://www.fractal-robots.com/
2. http://newnanobots.blogspot.in
3. http://www.ijsret.org