3. SI causes pain and dysfunction in young active
pts, more so in athletes.
Optimal Mx of SI is challenging in young adult as
well as the professional sportsperson.
Increase in the no. of shoulder D/L being
identified & managed in the last 2 to 3 decades.
13. CT & MR arthrogram
Give details of soft tissue
& bony pathology
Help to decide b/w
arthroscopic & open
procedures
Recurrent
shoulder d/l
Larribe et al
MRI – SENSITIVITY –
91 -100%
14. Mx
• Non - operative – PHYSIOTHERAPY
• Operative Mx
- a} Anterior instability-
key factors- < 20yrs
- activity of the person
[sports person , active military
personal,climbers]
- pts expectations
15. Decision making in chronic SI
2 key question –
- what is the
problem ? – soft
tissue, bony or
both
-if bony – where
is the problem ?(
glenoid or
humerus or both
)
If in doubt abt the quality of soft tissue &
bony defect & based on intraoperative
assessement , a latarjet procedure described
by him in 1954 would more reliably stabilize
the jt esp. in contact sportsmen.
17. • Latarjet - > 25% glenoid osseous defect
• Modified congruent arc latarjet procedure
developed by de Beer in atheletes with
recurrent anterior instability .
• Colegate et al found that complication rate –
7% & 89% pts return to sports activity in a
mean of 3.2 mts
18. • Current std of care for
bankart lesion is
arthroscopic bankart repair
named after the person
who 1st described open
anterior stabilization in
1923.
20. The bipolar bone loss has emerged
the concept of taking Hills Sachs
lesion into consideration
Bankart & Hill- Sachs lesions should
be considered in combination as a
continuum of the spectrum.
23. • In instability due to large Hill- Sachs lesion,
there is a role for arthroscopic reimplissage
procedure [ French to fill up]
• This involves using the capsule & infraspinatus
to fill up a large engaging Hill- Sachs defect
usually in combination with anterior bankart
repair.
• It makes the defect extrarticular so that it
does not engage against glenoid edge
24. • The Instability severity index score[ ISIS] < 6pts
meant an acceptably rate of 10% instability
recurrence & potentially good candidates for
bankart procedure.
• Phandnis et al study with 141 pts, found a 7-%
risk of failure of arthroscopic ant. Stabilization
if ISIS >4 vs 4% risk if score < 4
26. - no diff. in open or arthroscopic
management -based on 24 studies
with a mean age of 24 yrs & mean FU
of 4 yrs in a 790pt with 861 shoulders
Longo et al - systematic
review
27. Posterior instability
Patients often do not present with typical history and
could describe the posterior joint pain and/or clicking.
They are also likely to be missed on scans unless
specifically looked for.
Principles of Mx & Sx stabilization are same as anterior
instability, i.e., if there is posterior soft tissue injury, then
capsular shift and posterior labral repair is indicated.
28. Antoniou and Harryman reported successful
achievement of stability for PI instability using their
techniques of arthroscopic posterior capsulolabral
repair and shift.
For bony injuries, McLaughlin procedure has been
described historically.
The posterior bone block could be considered in very
carefully selected cases
29. Rehabilitation
Rehabilitation aims are to return the
patient to the previous level of functional
status before injury.
Healing and recovery of sportspersons
may be much quicker due to better muscle
conditioning, motivation, facilities with
therapy input and compliance, as
compared to nonathletes.
30. Conventionally, a time-based approach has been used by
most surgeons in the postoperative rehabilitation phase.
Protect the repair with the arm in a sling, for 3 weeks avoid
rotations, especially external rotation and taking the arm
backwards. After 3 weeks, progressive mobilization is started
till 6 weeks when sling comes off and active mobilization
along with strengthening commences.
31. Summary
Shoulder instability
requires a
meticulous and
systematic
management plan.
All aspects of
instability should be
sought for and
thoroughly assessed.
Investigations (MRA,
CT scan) are adjuncts
to a comprehensive
history, examination,
and good diagnostic
arthroscopy
Movt of rotator cuff m/s contribute negative pressure
-92%.
- trauma, uncontrolled epilepsy and symptomatic hyperlaxity
- staged evolution of intraarticular findings in patients with posttraumatic SI progressing from isolated lesion to a quadruple lesion
replaces TUBS & AMBRI
matsen classification
(traumatic, unilateral, bankart, and surgery
(atraumatic, multi-directional, bilateral, rehabilitation, and inferior capsular shift is done if sx is needed)
main stay of muscle patterning instability remains physiotherapy
Allows assessment of humeral head location in relation to glenoid cavity
Lines through acromion, corocoid process & scapular body intersect at the center of glenoid
Humeral head is centered on tis intersection
Axillary view locates humeral head relative to glenoid cavity
Hill-Sachs lesion
Anteroinferior glenoid, bony bankart, proximal humerus fx
L et al suggested advanced imaging suct as ct & magnetic resonance arthrogram for recurrent shoulder d/l
FOR STANMORE TRIANGLE POLAR TYPE 3 INSTABILITY
FOR ALL 1ST TIME DISLOCATORS