Udergraduate lectures

1. Eye & Systemic
Diseases
Mohamed Abdelzaher
MD, FRCS

2. Eyes are
the
mirror
to the
soul.

3. Metabolic
Disorders

4.  Diabetes mellitus:
Common Uncommon Rare
Retinopathy Recurrent styes Papillopathy
Unstable refraction Xanthelasma Pupillary LND
Accelerated senile
cataract
Rhino orbital
mucormycosis
Rubeosis irides
Ocular motor nerve
palsies
Reduced corneal
sensitivity

5. Ocular complications of diabetes mellitus:
Lid Cornea Iris Pupil Lens Refraction Retina Neuro Orbit
Common
Unstable
refraction
Diabetic
retinopat
hy
Uncomm
on
Recurrent
styes
Xanthelasm
a
Reduced
corneal
sensitivity
Rubeosis
irides
Accelerate
d Senile
cataract
Ocular
motor
nerve
palsies
Rare
Pupil Light
near
dissociatio
n
Rhino
orbital
mucor-
mycosis

6. Recurrent styes

7. Unstable refraction
Index myopia Index hyperopia
Hyperglycemia Hypoglycemia

8. Xanthelasma

9. Rubeosis IridisCauses Management

10. III nerve palsyPupil

11. Argyll Robertson Pupil
Dim light
Bright light
Accommodation
Pilocarpine 0.1%

12. Accelerated senile cataract
Management & Precautions

13. Diabetic papillopathy

14. Diabetic retinopathy
NPDR PDR
management

15. Diabetic maculopathy
management

16.  Thyrotoxicosis:
Common Uncommon Rare
Proptosis Keratoconjunctivitis
sicca
Optic neuropathy
Lid retraction Diplopia Choroidal folds
Chemosis Superior limbic
keratoconjunctivitis

17. Exophthalmos
management

18. Cardiovascular
Diseases

19.  Systemic hypertension
Common Uncommon Rare
Retinal
arteriolosclerosis
Retinopathy Exudative RD
“Accelerated disease”
RVO RAO
AION
Retinal artery
macroaneurysm
Ocular motor nerve
palsies
Choroidal infarcts

20. Retinal
arteriolosclerosis:
changes in A-V
crossing

21. Grading of retinal
arteriolosclerosis

22. Deflections (Salus sign)
Tapering (Gunn sign)

23. Copper wiring

24. Hypertensive Retinopathies

25. Acute hypertensive retinopathy

27. CRAO DDx

28. CRVOManagement

29. AION

30. Giant cell arteritis
 AAION
 CRAO: CRA often arises in a common stem with one or
more of the short posterior ciliary arteries
 Cilioretinal artery occlusion: may be combined
with AAION
 OIS: due to involvement of ophthalmic artery, rare
 Transient ischemic attacks (Amaurosis
fugax)
 Diplopia: ischemia to EOM or ocular motor nerves

31. Timing of vascularization of
peripheral retina
 ROP

32. ROP

33. Connective
Tissue Diseases

34.  Rheumatoid artheritis:
- Keratoconjunctivitis sicca (secondary sjogren
syndrome),
- Scleritis,
- Ulcerative keratitis,
- Complications of ttt (chloroquine maculopathy)

35. Schirmer test
Normal values

36. PEE
Dry eye
DDx

37. Filamentary keratitis
Stain

38. Nodular scleritis
DDx

39. Chloroquine maculopathy

40. Idiopathic juvenile artheritis
AC cells KPs
Anterior uveitis

41.  Systemic lupus erythematosis:
- Madarosis.
- Keratoconjunctivitis scicca.
- Scleritis.
- Peripheral ulcerative keratitis.
- Retinalvasculitis.
- Optic neuropathy.

42.  Marfan syndrome:
Common Uncommon Rare
Ectopia lentis Keratoconus Megalocornea
Myopia Microspherophakia
AC angle anomalies Cornea plana
Hypoplasia of dilator
pupillae
RD

43. Ectopia lentis

44. Keratoconus “Munson sign”
Management

45. Penetrating KeratoplastyIndications

46. Large cornea
DDx

47. Cornea Plana
Complications

48. Non Infectious
Multisystem
Diseases

49.  Sarcoidosis:
- Uveitis
- Keratoconjunctivitis sicca
- Conjunctival nodules
* Behcet syndrome:
-Uveitis
-Conjunctivitis
-Conjunctival ulceration
-Episcleritis
-Scleritis

50. Anterior uveitis
Managment

51. Vogt Koyanagi Harada (VKH)
syndrome
Poliosis
Psterior uveitis

52. Neurology

53.  Multiple sclerosis:
Common Uncommon Rare
Retrobulbar neuritis Ocular motor nerve
palsies
Intermediate uveitis
Nystagmus Hemianopia Retinal periphlebitis
Internuclear
ophthalmoplegia
Skew deviation

54. Bitemporal hemianopia
Where is the lesion?

55. Right homonymous hemianopia
Where is the lesion?