understand diabetes

1. TYPE 2 DIABETES
MELLITUS
BY
REEMA DESAI
Rd, diabetes educator

2. Diabetes Mellitus (DM)
 DM is a group of metabolic diseases
characterized by hyperglycemia resulting
from defect in insulin secretion, insulin
action or both.
 Types of DM:
 Type 1 DM
 Type 2 DM
 Gestational DM

3. Type 2 DM
 It results from a
progressive insulin
secretory defect on
the background of
insulin resistance.
 It accounts for 90-
95% of all cases of
diabetes.

4. Pathophysiology

6. Diabetes Risk Factors

7. Patient Profile
 Name – Mr. XYZ
 Age/ Sex – 39 years/ Male
 Weight – 71 kg
 Height – 168 cms
 BMI – 25.2 kg/m2 (overweight)
 IBW - 65 kg
 Socio-economic Status-UMIG
 Ethnic Background – Hindu
 Occupation– Journalist
 Food Habits – Non-Vegetarian
 Allergy to Medication /Food– None

8. Case History
 Symptoms- Weakness, Excessive thirst
 Personal History- None
 Family History- Father is Diabetic
 Addiction- No
 Biochemical Parameter (18-Jul-2013):
 Diagnosis: Type 2 DM and Dyslipidemia
 Medication: None

9. Home Recall
Energy: 2533 kcal Protein: 123gm(19%)
CHO: 339gm(54%) Fat: 74gm (26%)
Exercise – 1 hr weight training daily

10. Advice Diet
Energy: 2000kcal Protein:116gm (23.2%)
CHO: 262gm (52%) Fat: 53gm (24%)

11. Guidelines
Foods to be Allow
 Eat small frequent meal
 Whole cereals like oats, wheat
flakes, daliya. Wheat, jowar, bajara
flour ragi, brown bread
 Pulses and legumes
 1-2 fruits per day
 Raw as well cook vegetables
 Cow’s milk
 Egg white, fish, chicken in grill,
steam, gravy form
 Almond, walnut, flaxseed
 Have 1tsp of methi seed (soaked)
½ hr before breakfast and dinner
 Exercise: 1 hr combination of
weight training and aerobics
Foods to be Avoided
 Avoid skipping of food
 Maida based product, cornflakes,
sago, arrowroot
 Banana, chickoo, seetaphal,
jackfruit, grapes, mango, fruit
juices
 Potato, sweet potato, yam, raw
banana, arbi, beetroot
 Buffalo’s milk, ghee, butter,
cheese, paneer, cream, khoa
 Whole egg, shell fish, coconut in
gravy
 Dry fruits, Sugar, jaggery, honey
and its product.
 Preserved foods, fried foods,

12. After 1 Month
 Biochemical Parameter (18-Aug-2013):
 Diet and exercise plays an important role in
the management of diabetes and lipid profile.

13. Get info from: info@justforhearts.org
Helpline Number: 09266802992
Skype Id: justforhearts
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