2. Revolution Begins
Conditions for Colonization.
–Settlers became citizens of Mexico
–Follow Mexican laws
–Had to become Catholic
–Had to learn to speak Spanish
3. Revolution Begins
Government in Mexico.
–Constitution of 1824 – an attempt to have
a democratic government.
Settler’s Feelings about Colonies.
–They had different freedoms and rights.
–Wanted democracy.
–Austin tried to help keep the peace and
often spoke to the government for the
settlers.
4. Revolution Begins Cont.
The Fredonia Rebellion
– 1826 conflict in Nacogdoches – Colony
settled by Hayden Edwards
– Hayden Edwards tries to remove the
Tejano settlers.
– Mexico sides with Tejanos.
– Benjamin Edwards marches through
town with a red and white flag that says
Independence, Liberty and Justice.
6. Manuel Mier Y Teran
Mexico wanted to learn more about settlers.
General Manuel Mier y Teran was sent to survey
and observe Texas colonies.
His report included the following:
– More Anglos than Tejanos. They numbered 10 Anglos
for every 1 Tejano.
– Farther North and East, more Anglos.
– Invite more Mexicans and Europeans.
– Mexican government needs to occupy Texas.
– Send soldiers to live and watch over Texas.
– Texans trading with U.S. (illegal)
7. Law of April 6, 1830 Cont.
Law of April 6, 1830 required:
– No more settlers from U.S.
– Also made settlers pay taxes on goods from
U.S.
– No more slaves brought into Texas
– Soldiers moved into Texas to watch the
colonists.
8. Snapshot of Law of April 6, 1830
No more
Anglos
from
US!!
What are those
colonists doing
coming in Texas
I am free!
No Slavery
in Tejas!
What will we do
now! My family
is in Tejas.
Taxes
on US
Goods
9. Bradburn Increases
Tensions
John Davis Bradburn
– Mexican official
– Anglo American who supported centralists in
Mexico.
– Job was to enforce Mexican laws dealing
with settling in Texas.
Land titles
– Forced Texans to work for free to build a
new fort at Anahuac and used colonist’s
slaves to work for his public works programs
10. Anahuac Conflict
William T. Logan
– Came to Anahuac from US looking for 2 of
his slaves who had run away.
– Bradburn had the slaves and wouldn’t give
them back to Logan without a proof of
ownership.
– Logan hired attorney William Barrett Travis
to help him.
11. Anahuac Conflict
– Travis (only 22 years old) tried to trick
Bradburn to get him to release the slaves.
Note to a guard saying Logan was back and had
brought armed troops.
Bradburn rallied his soldiers but was
embarrassed when Logan didn’t have soldiers.
Bradburn had Travis arrested (Travis’
parter, Patrick Jack, was arrested also).
Texans demanded the release of Travis and Jack
– Sent a group of 150 settlers to Anahuac to protest.
12. Anahuac Conflict
Bradburn said he would release Travis
and Jack if settlers would retreat.
Settlers retreated but Bradburn did not
release Travis and Jack.
Settlers decided to set up camp between
Anahuac and Liberty on Turtle Bayou.
Bradburn reinforced his troops.
13. Turtle Bayou Resolutions
Settlers camped at Turtle Bayou sent
John Austin to Brazoria to get a cannon.
While waiting for him to come back, they
drafted (wrote) the Turtle Bayou
Resolutions.
The resolutions:
– Colonists pledged loyalty to Mexico.
– Stated support for Santa Anna (who seemed
to be on the same side as the colonists but
wasn’t).
14. Turtle Bayou Resolutions
Before John Austin got back with the
cannon, a Mexican Colonel, Jose de las
Piedras, went to Anahuac to see what
was going on.
When he got there, he
– Ordered Travis and Jack released from jail.
– Dismissed Bradburn from his command.
15. The Battle of Velasco
When John Austin was trying to get the cannon
back to Anahuac, he put the cannon on a ship
and sailed it down Brazos River to Gulf of
Mexico at Velasco
When they got to Velasco, the Mexican colonel ,
Domingo de Ugartechea, wouldn’t let them
continue on
Fighting broke out…soldiers shot at each other
for first time
16. Battle of Velasco, con’t
Both Mexicans and Texans died in the
Battle of Velasco.
Mexican troops ran out of ammunition and
had to surrender and returned to Mexico.
Texans continued on down Brazos River to
Anahuac.
– Got there and found out the problem at
Anahuac had already ended
17. Convention of 1832-33
At the end of 1832 and beginning of
1833, the colonists were concerned about
the growing conflicts and their rights
being taken away.
They had 56 delegates meet to decide
what to do.
– Created two petitions to take to Mexico
One to allow settlers back into Texas from US
Allow Texas to write a separate State Constitution.
– Chose Stephen F. Austin to take the petitions.
18. Austin travels to Mexico
After Convention of 1833, Stephen F.
Austin went to Mexico City to give the new
Texas resolutions to Mexican officials
– Trip took 3 months
When he got to Mexico City, it was in
turmoil after a revolution led by Santa
Anna
– Santa Anna (through his representative
Valentin Gomez Farias) attempted to make
changes
– Cholera epidemic swept through city;
thousands died
19. Austin’s Journey to Mexico
Austin presented the resolutions to Gomez
Farias
Farias wasn’t in a hurry to address Texan’s
problems
Austin got impatient
– Wrote a letter to the Texans suggesting that
they establish a new state government that
would make Texas separate from Coahuila but
still be a part of Mexico
20. Agreements with Santa
Anna
Austin then met with Santa Anna
Santa Anna agreed to most of Texan’s
requests
– Allowed US immigration to Texas again
– Agreed to improve mail service and court
system
– Promised fairer taxes on goods coming to
Texas from US
Santa Anna would NOT agree to separate
statehood for Texas
21. Austin’s Journey to Mexico
Austin’s letter was returned from Bexar and
sent to the Vice President.
He was captured in Saltillo, Mexico and sent
to prison for without being charged with a
crime or given a trial.
– He was moved from prison to prison for almost
one year and was allowed no communication
with anyone other than the guard.
– Austin was released from prison in December
1834, but had to stay in Mexico City for 6
month’s probation.
– Finally he return to Texas in June of 1835.
– He was angry with the Mexican government and
felt Texas would now have to fight for freedom.
22. Letter Writing
Pretend you are Austin and you are
writing a letter to one of the leaders of
Texas – David G. Burnet –
Explain what has happened to you.
Why you think it happened.
How you are being treated; and
What rights they have refused to give
you?
23. Early Battles -
Gonzales
September 1835 – Town of Gonzales told to
return a cannon given to them for Indian raids.
Texans ignored the order.
Mexican Government sent Castaneda and small
force to retrieve the cannon.
Castaneda arrived on Sept. 30 and camped on
other side of Guadalupe River. He asked for the
Alcalde, but was told he wasn’t in town.
Texans formed a militia from surrounding
towns.
24. Gonzales Battle Cont’d
October 2, 1835 –Texans refused to return the
cannon and hung a flag on it that said, “Come and
Take It”. Texans attacked in the early dawn hours.
Fighting briefly stopped and Castenada tries to
negotiate, but Texans still say no. Fighting
continues until one soldier is shot. Mexicans
surrendered and returned to San Antonio.
That was known as the Battle of Gonzales, the first
battle of the Texas Revolution.
25. Texans formed an army led by Stephen Austin.
Ben asked, “Who will go with old Ben to San Antonio?”
- gets 300 volunteers
General Cos – In Alamo and the town square.
December 5, 1835 Texans enter San Antonio from two
sides and were stationed in two homes.
Ben – shot crossing from one house to next.
Texas fought like crazy going from house to house
shooting.
December 9, 1834 – Cos surrenders and leaves San
Antonio.
1st Battle of San
Antonio
