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Colour perception
The document discusses color perception, covering the physical and psychological descriptions of light and color, theories of color vision including trichromatic and opponent process theories, and basic phenomena such as color blindness and afterimages. It also addresses the application of color in visual design, emphasizing the importance of color specification interfaces and factors to consider for effective labeling. References from various sources in visual perception and design are provided throughout the presentation.
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Colour perception
- 1. 2.1 Color Perception PSYC579 Topic Presentation, University of British Columbia Diliara Nasirova School of Interactive Art and Technology, Simon Fraser University January 26, 2011
- 2. 2 Outline 1. The PhysicalDescription of Light ■ Light Components ■ Electromagnetic Spectrum 2. The Psychological Description of Color ■ Color Space 3. Theories of Color Vision ■ Trichromatic Theory ■ Opponent Process Theory Diliara Nasirova | PSYC 579 | Jan 26, 2011 4. Basic Phenomena ■ Color Blindness ■ Color Afterimage ■ Color Contrast 5. Application to Visual Design ■ Color Specification Interfaces ■ Color for Labeling
- 3. 3 References 1. C. Ware,“Information Visualization: Perception for Design”, ch. 4 “Color” 2. SE. Palmer, “Vision Science” 3. E. Tufte, “Envisioning Information”, ch. 5 “Color and information” 4. P Rheingans. (1999). “Task-based Color Scale Design” 5. CA Brewer. (2005). “Designing Better Maps”, ch. 5 “Color Decisions for Mapping” 6. C. Ware, “Visual Thinking for Design”, ch. 4 “Color” 7. M. Stone, “Color in Information Display” workshop, Vis08 Diliara Nasirova | PSYC 579 | Jan 26, 2011
- 4. 4 The Physical Descriptionof Light Light Components Diliara Nasirova | PSYC 579 | Jan 26, 2011 • Sir Isaac Newton, 1666
- 5. 5 The Physical Descriptionof Light Electromagnetic Spectrum Diliara Nasirova | PSYC 579 | Jan 26, 2011
- 6. 6 The Psychological Descriptionof Color Color Space • All colors experiences can be described in terms of three dimensions: ■ Hue ■ Value (lightness) ■ Saturation (chroma) Diliara Nasirova | PSYC 579 | Jan 26, 2011
- 7. 7 The Psychological Descriptionof Color Color Space • Color space: ■ A three dimensional coordinate system ■ Each color can be represented as a single point with a unique position. Diliara Nasirova | PSYC 579 | Jan 26, 2011
- 8. 8 The Psychological Descriptionof Color Color Space • Color solid: Subset of color space Diliara Nasirova | PSYC 579 | Jan 26, 2011 Lightness Hue Saturation
- 9. 9 Theories of ColorVision Trichromatic Theory • Trichromacy: Three color receptors (cones) in retinas that are active at normal light levels • Young-Helmholtz Trichromatic Theory Diliara Nasirova | PSYC 579 | Jan 26, 2011
- 10. 10 The Physical Descriptionof Light Spectral Diagram Diliara Nasirova | PSYC 579 | Jan 26, 2011 • Human cone sensitivity functions. • Cones sensitive to ■ S (blue) ■ M (green) ■ L (red)
- 11. 11 The Physical Descriptionof Light Spectral Diagram: Short wavelength sensitive cones Diliara Nasirova | PSYC 579 | Jan 26, 2011 Blue text on a dark background is to be avoided. We have very few short-wavelength sensitive cones in the retina and they are not very sensitive. Blue text on a dark background is to be avoided. We have very few short-wavelength sensitive cones in the retina and they are not very sensitive.
- 12. 12 The Physical Descriptionof Light Spectral Diagram: Short wavelength sensitive cones Diliara Nasirova | PSYC 579 | Jan 26, 2011 Blue text on a dark background is to be avoided. We have very few short-wavelength sensitive cones in the retina and they are not very sensitive. Blue text on a dark background is to be avoided. We have very few short-wavelength sensitive cones in the retina and they are not very sensitive.
- 13. 13 Theories of ColorVision Opponent Process Theory • Ewald Hering Opponent Process Theory • Six elementary colors arranged as opponent pairs along three axes: ■ black-white, ■ red-green, ■ yellow-blue. Diliara Nasirova | PSYC 579 | Jan 26, 2011
- 14. 14 Theories of ColorVision Opponent Process Theory: Physiological basis • Input from the cones is processed into 3 distinct channels Diliara Nasirova | PSYC 579 | Jan 26, 2011
- 15. 15 Theories of ColorVision Opponent Process Theory: Scientific evidence 1. Unique Hues: black, white, red, green… Diliara Nasirova | PSYC 579 | Jan 26, 2011
- 16. 16 Theories of ColorVision Opponent Process Theory: Scientific evidence 2. Naming and Cross-Cultural Naming: “yellowish green”, but no “yellowish blue” Diliara Nasirova | PSYC 579 | Jan 26, 2011
- 17. 17 3. Neurophysiology: cellsin visual cortexes of monkeys that have properties of opponency Diliara Nasirova | PSYC 579 | Jan 26, 2011 Theories of Color Vision Opponent Process Theory: Scientific evidence
- 18. 18 3. Categorical Colors: ■ Evidence that confusion between colors is affected by color categories Diliara Nasirova | PSYC 579 | Jan 26, 2011 Theories of Color Vision Opponent Process Theory: Scientific evidence
- 19. 19 Diliara Nasirova |PSYC 579 | Jan 26, 2011 Theories of Color Vision Opponent Process Theory: Scientific evidence
- 20. 20 Theories of ColorVision Opponent Process Theory: Color Channels Properties • Chromatic channels carry ~1/3 the amount of detail carried by the black–white channel. • Difficult to read the text where luminance is equal, despite a large chromatic difference Diliara Nasirova | PSYC 579 | Jan 26, 2011
- 21. 21 Theories of ColorVision Opponent Process Theory: Color Channels Properties Diliara Nasirova | PSYC 579 | Jan 26, 2011 • Form: Form perception processed mainly through the luminance channel Floor, Duomo di Siena
- 22. 22 Theories of ColorVision Opponent Process Theory: Color Channels Properties Diliara Nasirova | PSYC 579 | Jan 26, 2011 • Form: Pseudocolor sequences for maps
- 23. 23 Basic Phenomena Color Contrast DiliaraNasirova | PSYC 579 | Jan 26, 2011 • Colors are perceived relative to their overall context
- 24. 24 Basic Phenomena Color Blindness • ~10% of the male and ~1% of the female population have some form of color vision deficiency. Original Deuteranope (r/g) Protanope (r/g) Tritanope (y/b)
- 25. 25 Basic Phenomena Color Blindness DiliaraNasirova | PSYC 579 | Jan 26, 2011
- 26. 26 Basic Phenomena Color Blindness DiliaraNasirova | PSYC 579 | Jan 26, 2011 Normal vision: no number Color blind vision: “45”
- 27. 27 Basic Phenomena Color Afterimage DiliaraNasirova | PSYC 579 | Jan 26, 2011
- 28. 28 Basic Phenomena Color Afterimage DiliaraNasirova | PSYC 579 | Jan 26, 2011 .
- 29. 29 Basic Phenomena Color Afterimage • BMW commercial: http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2010/12/16/bmw-ad-vide-burns-logo-into-eyes- _n_797981.html Diliara Nasirova | PSYC 579 | Jan 26, 2011
- 30. 30 Application to VisualDesign Color Specification Interfaces Diliara Nasirova | PSYC 579 | Jan 26, 2011 • One of the most widely used color interfaces in computer graphics is based on the HSV color space saturation hue value
- 31. 31 Application to VisualDesign Color Specification Interfaces Diliara Nasirova | PSYC 579 | Jan 26, 2011
- 32. 32 Application to VisualDesign Color for Labeling • Labeling: nominal information coding • Color can be extremely effective as a nominal code. Diliara Nasirova | PSYC 579 | Jan 26, 2011
- 33. 33 Application to VisualDesign Color for Labeling • Perceptual factors to be considered: 1. Distinctness 2. Unique hues 3. Contrast with background 4. Color blindness 5. Number 6. Field size 7. Conventions Diliara Nasirova | PSYC 579 | Jan 26, 2011
- 34. 34 Application to VisualDesign Color for Labeling Diliara Nasirova | PSYC 579 | Jan 26, 2011 • Perceptual factors to be considered: 1. Distinctness 2. Unique hues 3. Contrast with background 4. Color blindness 5. Number 6. Field size 7. Conventions
- 35. 35 Application to VisualDesign Color for Labeling Diliara Nasirova | PSYC 579 | Jan 26, 2011 • Perceptual factors to be considered: 1. Distinctness 2. Unique hues 3. Contrast with background 4. Color blindness 5. Number 6. Field size 7. Conventions
- 36. 36 Application to VisualDesign Color for Labeling Diliara Nasirova | PSYC 579 | Jan 26, 2011 • Perceptual factors to be considered: 1. Distinctness 2. Unique hues 3. Contrast with background 4. Color blindness 5. Number 6. Field size 7. Conventions
- 37. 37 Application to VisualDesign Color for Labeling Diliara Nasirova | PSYC 579 | Jan 26, 2011 • Perceptual factors to be considered: 1. Distinctness 2. Unique hues 3. Contrast with background 4. Color blindness 5. Number 6. Field size 7. Conventions
- 38. 38 Application to VisualDesign Color for Labeling Diliara Nasirova | PSYC 579 | Jan 26, 2011 • Perceptual factors to be considered: 1. Distinctness 2. Unique hues 3. Contrast with background 4. Color blindness 5. Number 6. Field size 7. Conventions
- 39. 39 Application to VisualDesign Color for Labeling Diliara Nasirova | PSYC 579 | Jan 26, 2011 • Perceptual factors to be considered: 1. Distinctness 2. Unique hues 3. Contrast with background 4. Color blindness 5. Number 6. Field size 7. Conventions
- 40. 40 Application to VisualDesign Color for Labeling Diliara Nasirova | PSYC 579 | Jan 26, 2011 • 12 colors recommended for use in coding.
- 41.