The document discusses ideas for topics to include in a fanzine about football transfers. It provides research on the history of transfer fees, including the first recorded fee in 1893 and major increases since then. The largest fee to date is the £191.7m that PSG paid for Neymar in 2017. Potential topics for the fanzine are outlined, including analyzing specific transfers like Pogba returning to Manchester United. Interviews with friends about their clubs' signings could also be included. The target audience for the fanzine is identified as predominantly male fans aged 15-25, through use of colorful graphics and focusing on the most popular Premier League clubs. Existing fanzines are also reviewed for design inspiration.

1. FANZINE IDEAS/REARCH

2. POTENTIAL SUBJECTS
| PRINT
 Football
 Terrorism
 Space

3. FOOTBALL
 Transfers fee history. Go into detail about how transfers fee have increased throughout the years.
Explaining why and the impact in modern football. Debunk popular opinions and try find interesting
unaware facts about Transfers fee. I could interview my friends on their opinion on current transfers and
how they are improving/destroying football.
 G.O.A.T status. Talk about potential candidates of the status, linking with the football era of potential
footballers, i.e. Ronaldo (2006-present). Go over goal contributions, player performance awards, team
awards and international awards. I could interview two sets of people, people who believe Ronaldo is the
goat and people who believe Messi is the goat and compare and examine both sides and try keep an
unbiased opinion.
 Manchester United. Go into detail about how the football club has expanded over the years, this will
include, investments, players, club owners, team results and transfers. Talk about the Ronaldo singing
and how it has had a massive effect on the club in terms of, social media following and merchandise
sales. I could try interview one of my Manchester United fans and ask they question such as the
unsuccessful times the club is going through at the moment, the 1999 treble winning team and the
ownership of the Glazers.

4. TERRORISM
 9/11. Go over what exactly happened on the day and why it happened and who was to blame. Try find very
rare interviews/podcasts about the event, this could be from a survivor to an eye witness that was in New York
on the day. Explain what where the main lasting effects from the terrorist attack and how life today is different
due to this. I could interview my parents because they are the only people I could ask who has a memory of
the events as everyone else would be too young to give an opinion.
 ISIS. Go into detail about what the group is and why they believe what they are doing is okay. Explain all their
propaganda that they use to brainwash people into joining there group. Use examples of there acts, such as
the Paris Attack and the London Bridge attack. I could interview one of my friends about the Manchester Arena
bombing and her experience of it and how it has impacted her.
 Paris Attack. Talk about the events of the days of the attack and ISIS’s reasoning behind it, Identify the main
people behind it structure it into key stages such as, The Bataclan Concert, France National Stadium. I could
interview one of my friends who was watching France vs Germany game when a bomb went of and what
he/hers reaction and how the players/fans reacted to it and what happened after the bomb went off.

5. SPACE
 Colonizing Mars. Talk about Space X’s plans to colonize mars and the process behind potential
candidates for the first people to live on Mars. Also the plans on how they will preform the first trip to
Mars and how they will make this efficient enough to move people on a regular occasions and begin life
beyond Earth. Go over the plans for the first people to land on Mars and what they will need to do. What
trades are the most crucial? Who are the biggest investors into the plan? I could interview friends who
share the same similar interest in it and if they believe it’s the right think to do and if there’s any other
way to help over population on Earth.

6. FINAL SUBJECT
: FOOTBALL TRANSFER FEES
 Intro –
Explanation on what a transfer fee is
 Key topics –
The rapid increase in transfer fees
Beginning of transfer fees
Key examples of transfer fees (Neymar to PSG, Pogba back to United, Lewandowski on a free to Bayern Munich)
The impact in todays football
Bargains using comparisons
How do transfer fees work
Is the transfer windows become more dramatic then football matches themselves
 Interviews –
Interview friends on who was the best singing in correlation to the cost of the player and why.
Interview friends on what transfer fees have had on football throughout the years.
Interview friends on there clubs best signing again in correlation to the cost of the player and why.
 Conclusion –
Go on to who are potential big signings for the future and who could break the record for the biggest transfer fee

7. RESEARCH
| FANZINE
 Fanzine is a magazine style formula usually produced by amateurs, for fans of a particular performer, group, or
form of entertainment
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 Niche
 DIY design
 Non-mainstream
 Specific graphic design
 Fan made
 Non-professional
 Personality

8. TARGET
AUDIENCE
 My audience will be predominantly people aged 15-25. This is because the piece I will create will be
attracting this certain target audience. I will do this by mixing texts with lots of imagery that will appeal
to them. Also the certain in style in form of colours, it will be bright and very attractive with a very
modern look which links with the target audience due to social media they will be using and the fanzine
will have a similar look.
 Some examples of key topics I will implement into the fanzine that will appeal to my target audience will
be Liverpool, Man United and Chelsea signings/transfers fee. This is because they have the biggest
following on social media and have the most interactions. Liverpool – 92.7 million. Man United – 142
million. Chelsea – 93.4 million. This is combined following from Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, TikTok and
YouTube in February 2021. Even though both Real Madrid and Barcelona have a much bigger following
(502.4 followers overall) the fanzine will be targeting an English audience in which only a small fraction
of the Spanish Giants followings are coming from England so having only Premier League teams as a
main topic is much more relevant.
 I will be mainly be targeting men over woman as from SportBusiness 66.4% of football fans are male.
This will be done by not going over woman football and keeping to the men football.

9. RESEARCH AND
EXISTING PRODUCTS (1)
1.Football United Fanzine. I really like the style of the different shades of red and I feel like this would work for my fanzine. Also the style that they have a border for the title and merges into the logo works very well
and I will try replicate something similar into my fanzine. A couple elements of this fanzine that I will not develop into my fanzine is the old fashion style text as I want to try and attract a younger audience and I feel
with a more bold and modern style font this would attract the target audience more than an old fashion font. Another element of the fanzine I will not develop into my fanzine is the limited colours in the fanzine. I
want to make lots of different colours into my fanzine as again it will attract my target audience as it will stand out with the colourful vibe. The main target audience for this fanzine is older football fans. This is due to
the font style and the dark style to the piece. Another reason why the piece is targeted to an older generation as the content in the piece is from a while ago, for example on the “featuring” section it refers to
Rotterdam, Netherlands in 1991.
2.WSC. One of the main stand outs in this fanzine is the dark green background. This links with the big genre of this and my fanzine, Football. I might try implement this into my piece. Another big feature on this
fanzine is Marcus Rashford being the stand out image and the main topic. I could re use this in my fanzine with say Neymar with his transfer to PSG breaking the transfer record fee for example. One of the main
methods in this piece they use is the lack of polish and the way it is a DIY style which are the main elements of creating a fanzine. WSC fanzine target audience is younger football fans. This is due to the way they
inserted a main footballer on the cover to stand out. Also the way he has a speech cloud shows a younger look. The text to photo ratio is more leaning towards photos so gives an easier read style which again will
target the audience they are trying to attract.
3.Blowing Bubbles. I really like the how the main graphics links with the niche topic the fanzine is about (West Ham). This links with the WSC in the green style linking with football. I will defiantly implement this into
my final fanzine design. Another style in this fanzine I like is the shot of the football stadium and implements a friendly welcome for West Ham fans with it being there “home”. However this will be quite difficult to
implement into my piece as my niche topic is a more broad topic, however I could maybe style it to welcome all football fans in general. Such as generic football stadium/pitch. Blowing Bubbles target audience is
simply West Ham fans in general. This is clearly due to the fact the whole fanzine is only about West Ham and their new stadium. The age range of this is really any ages as long as they have an interest in the team I
believe they would give it a read as the structure of the front cover is quite universal in terms of audience ages.
4.Leicester City Fanzine. This design is more factual which includes a lot of interesting stats, this will replicated into my design however this will only be eligible for 1 maybe 2 pages as I want to keep it more of a
relaxing easy read. This links with the target audience with the easy and relaxing feel to it. The main colour in this double page spread is dark blue the colour is used as it matches the player shirt and the teams called
Leicester City who’s colours are dark blue. This is linking the colour style to the niche topic on this fanzine. Again this will be replicated in my fanzine in terms of keeping the main colours/background linking quite
heavily to my main topic. The target audience for Leicester City Fanzine is very similar to Blowing Bubbles in terms of attracting the fans of a certain team. However with the more formal style the age range will be
older. This is due to the very limited images of a blurred King Power Stadium and Leonardo Ulloa celebrating a goal. Also from the large amount of texts and how they are structured. There is no real divide and all in
one section which from a younger person’s perspective more than likely going to find it boring to look/read about.
5.My Dinosaur Life. One thing that really stands out quite bold is the title to this double page spread (“My Dinosaur Life”). It stands out with its large, changing and unique font style. Also the style covers over both
pages which keeps the style of a fanzine in terms of a DIY style design. This is a really good style to a fanzine that I will defiantly implement into my fanzine. This could be implemented for a “Top Transfer Fee’s”
section into my fanzine maybe. The target audience for My Dinosaur Life is a younger audience. This is due to the font of the title in terms that it’s a quite edgy child written font. Another style of this piece that will
attract a younger audience is the image of the man size as it really stands out and younger people will be more likely to find images better than blocks of texts.
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10. RESEARCH AND
EXISTING PRODUCTS (2)
6. Emporio Armani. One main element to this piece that clearly stands out is the man in the suit. His style/gesture implements the style of the fanzine, with the topic being
fashion. Another design in this piece that links heavily with the fashion vibe is the clean and clear text. I will implement this into my design with keeping the same structure of
the text/image having a sport/football feel to it. Another specific idea in this design that I really like is the red/blue interchange to the text. This works really well with the white
background, the images and the different styles of font. With the text I like the how they’ve got different styles of font, interchange from bold to non bold and also the
difference in sizes. This will be involved into my piece as it is attractive to look at and the last thing I want my audience how are viewing my piece to feel is bored and un willing
to continue to read/view. The target audience for Emporio is male fashion fanatics. This is having a large image of a male in a suit as well as a smaller version. Also the blue and
red colour text is more of a male design over a female.
7. “Girls give me a headache”. Its clear from the get go the style is predominantly red and black. With this being the text colour and the fashion design of what Justin Bieber is
wearing on the larger photograph. Also there is red banners that go across the page on an angle. Having this on an angle gives the piece a DIY feel to it which is one key
feature of a fanzine. On about features of fanzine, another feature on this piece which screams fanzine is the main text/”quote” as it gives away a relax and chilled style to it.
This is a key feature to a fanzine as it expresses a non-professional/specific graphic style. The main target audience for Girls give me a headache is younger females who have
interest in music. This is clearly due to the content the fanzine has. Also the design of Justin Bieber having basically a full page to himself. Also the colour style is more of a
female style. The reason why I Said younger females is because of the title and the content about his love life.
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11. TOPIC
RESEARCH
 A transfer fee is a set amount of money a football team pays for the ownership of a football player to the previous owner of the football player.
 When can a club make a signing in the Premier League? The present system for the Premier League that was introduced in the 2003/04 season. The windows where you can make transfers are split into 2 different times of the month, first you have the Summer Transfer
Window which starts from the 9th of June all the way till the 31st of September. The other window which is most commonly referred to as the “January Window” runs from the 1st of January till the 31st of January. The reason this was introduced as a compromise
agreement with the European Commission about the whole transfer system worked and how it could best preserve contractual stability for both the player and the club while allowing movement as prescribed times during the year
 The first ever football transfer fee was made in 1893 by West Bromwich Albion when they signed Willie Groves for £100 from Aston Villa, 8 years after the legalisation of professionalism in the sport. Move on almost 100 years to 1979 where you’ll find the first ever £1m+
signing. This was Trevor Francis who was a forward who moved from Birmingham City to Nottingham Forest where he signed for £1.18m. Which in todays money is equal to £4.44m. The next big milestone came in 1996 when we saw the first ever £10m+ signing when
Premier League legend Alan Shearer secured his move from Blackburn Rovers to Newcastle United £15m, where he would break and still hold when writing this hold the record for the most goals in the Premier League history.
 The biggest transfer fee for a non-league player came in 2012 when 25 year old Jamie Vardy secured a move from the 5th division in the English Pyramid to the 2nd division. He signed from Fleetwood Town to Leicester City for £1m. Move on 4 years and he’d play a key
role into winning the Premier League with Leicester City. So from playing in non-league in 2012 to winning the Premier League in 2016 it really is an outstanding accomplishment. Another massive accomplishment for him came in 2015 when he broke the record for the
most consecutive goals in the Premier League with 11 which was last held by Manchester United legend Ruud van Nistelrooy (10). Later that year he got his first ever International callup for England competing in the European Championships in France. He also was part
of the squad that reached the 2018 World Cup semi-final. However he didn’t feature in the most recent World Cup as he announced his retirement from international football, however he said if Gareth Southgate (England Manager) needs him he will be available to play.
England managed to get to the final but sadly lost on penalties to Italy.
 The most expensive transfer fee of all time came in 2017 when PSG spent a whopping £191.7m on Neymar from Barcelona. However according to El Mundo, €222m (£191.7m) was only the tip of the iceberg as the contract Neymar signed in 2017 also includes a annual
salary of €43.3m (£37.4m) over 5 years, in addition should he remain at PSG. So all in all Neymar’s move to PSG cost the French club an astonishing £421,912,784m (€489,228,117m). So comparing this to the first ever transfer fee in football of Willie Grooves for £100. PSG
could have signed 4,219,128 Willie Grooves for the same price.
 The most recent transfer window (Summer 21’) saw the Premier League see a new record in the highest fee for a football player. Jack Grealish who captained and played for Aston Villa since he was 6 years old signed for Manchester City for £100m. This came as a mix
emotion for football fans, some cases people where disappointed in the move as I stated he captained his boyhood team and an “oil rich” football club goes and snatches him, but on the other hand people are happy for him as he is a world-class player and deserves to
be fighting for Premier League titles and playing in the Champions League.
 The biggest spenders in world football are Manchester City spending a total of £934.64m. The top transfers fee for this club are as follows, Jack Grealish from Aston Villa for £100m (2021), Kevin de Bruyne from Wolfsburg for £68m (2016), Ruben Dias from Benfica for
£61m (2020), Riyad Mahrez from Leicester City for £61m (2018), Joao Cancelo from Juventus for £58m (2019), Aymeric Laporte from Athletic Bilbao for £58m (2018), Raheem Sterling from Liverpool for £57m (2015), Rodri from Atletico Madrid for £56m (2019), Benjamin
Mendy from Monaco for £51m (2017), John Stones from Everton for £50m (2016), Kyle Walker from Tottenham Hotspurs for £47m (2016), Leroy Sane from FC Shalke 04 for £46m (2017), Bernardo Silva from Monaco for £45m (2017), Nathan Ake from Bournemouth for
£40m (2020), Eliaquim Mangala from FC Porto for £40m (2014), Nicolas Otamendi from Valencia for £40m (2015), Robinho from Real Madrid for £38m (2008).
 The most expensive football player with the highest combined transfers fee is the Belgium international Romelu Lukaku. He started his career at Anderlecht at 16 years of age and stayed there till he was 18, when he moved to Chelsea for £18m. He stayed there for 3
years with two years on loan at West Brom and Everton, where he would move to for £28m at the age of 21. He was at Everton for 3 years racking up 53 goals in the Premier League alone which gave him his first big money move to Manchester United for £76m at the
age of 24. However his time here wasn’t the greatest so only after 2 seasons he was shipped off to Italy to sign for Inter Milan for £74m at the age of 26. This is where he had another break out couple of seasons dominating the Serie A forcing a move back to the club he
started his Premier League career, Chelsea. He signed for them in 2021 at the age of 28 for a transfer fee of £97.5m, £2.5m shy of the current holder of the biggest transfer fee in the Premier League Jack Grealish in the same transfer window. So overall the 6”3 Striker has
a combined transfer fee of £293.5m.

12. POTENTIAL
EXPERIMENTS
 For my fanzine experiments I will try design a quick front cover. One of the main features with this will be using
Haaland and Mbappe. This will be done by using photoshop to edit how they look so it is unique to my
fanzine. This will be done by changing there hair colour, kit colour and the opacity. Another feature of a
fanzine is I want to try design a piece that is a DIY style. This can be done by using a certain style of font, I can
do this by using 1001freefonts. This will be quite difficult however to try and find the right font that links well
with the topic/my front cover desires (this font is an example) Another feature to implement into the
experiment for the front cover is a feature column similar to one of the products I researched, Football United
Fanzine. This will be designed using shapes on photoshop using colours that compliment the rest of the cover.
The different headings for the featuring section will be subjects such as, What is a transfer? When can teams
make transfers? What player has generated the most transfer fees combined?
 Another experiment for the fanzine I want to try out is a double page spread on the topic of Man City. One of
the main features with this will be the main funder of the football team Mansour bin Zayed Al Nahyan cover
both sides of the double page spread in the centre, with top transfer fees around it. One of the main problems
with this is finding the right colours to go around the pages and how exactly to structure it.