This document provides an overview of active and passive voice in English grammar. It defines active and passive voice, and explains how to change sentences from active to passive voice depending on the tense. For each tense (e.g. present simple, past perfect), it gives an example of an active voice sentence and the corresponding passive voice sentence. The document also discusses forming passive voice questions, commands, and with modal auxiliaries.

1. English Grammar
Compiled by
Chandra shekar Pendoti
PGT in English
Poet & author
chanduenglish.blogspot.com
9550469917
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2. Active & Passive Voice
We use the active voice when
the doer of the action is
important.
Eg: Chandu writes a short
story.
Note: only transitive verb can
be changed from active to
passive voice.
 We use passive when the
action/recipient of the action is
more important than the doer of
the action.
 We also use it when the doer of
the action is either unknown or
unimportant.
 Eg: SSC results will be
announced.
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3. Active & passive voice
 The general practice is that in the process of transformation is…..
 Find the subject ,verb and object in a given sentence.
 The object of the active voice becomes the subject of the passive voice.
 Add helping verb as per tense and subject in passive voice.
 After helping verb , add past participle(V3) of the verb that given in active
voice.
 BY preposition is added and the subject of active voice is mentioned at the
end.
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4. Subject of the active voice is changed as follows….
 Active voice Passive voice
 I me
 we us
 you you
 he him
 she her
 it it
 they them
 name name
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5. Present Simple
 Active voice: Subject+V1+ object
 Passive voice : object + am/is/are + past
participle(V3)+by + subject
Eg: Chandu writes a novel (AV)
 A novel is written by Chandu.(PV)
 He speaks English well(AV)
 English is spoken by him well.
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6. Present Continuous
 A.V: subject + am/is/are + present participle(v4)+object
 P.V. Object + am/is/are +being + past participle
(V3)+by + subject
 Eg : They are singing a song(AV)
 A song is being sung by them.(PV)
 We are learning English (AV)
 English is being learnt by us (PV)
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7. Present Perfect
 A .V: subject + have/has + past participle(v3)+subject
 P.V: object + have/has +been + past participle(v3)+ by+ subject
 Eg: He has directed a movie(AV)
 A movie has been directed by him.(PV)
 They have conducted many tests(AV)
 Many tests have been conducted by them.(PV)
 Note : No passive form in present prefect continuous.
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8. Simple Past
 A.V : subject+v2+object
 P.v : object+ was/were+v3+by+subject
 Eg: We published a book (AV)
 A book was published by us.(PV)
 She did not pay fee (AV)
 Fee was not paid by her (PV)
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9. Past Continuous
 A.V : subject +was /were+V4+object
 P.V : object + was/were + being +V3+by+subject
 Eg: I was watching a movie(AV)
 A movie was being watched by me(PV)
 Rishi was writing tests(AV)
 Tests were being written by Rishi (PV)
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10. Past Perfect
 A.V : subject + had +V3+object
 P.V :object + had + been + V3+ by +subject
 Eg: Pinky had drawn a picture(AV)
 A picture had been drawn by Pinky(PV)
 Gouthami had prepared a model (AV)
 A model had been prepared by Gouthami (PV)
 Note: No passive form in past perfect continuous
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11. Future Simple
 A.V. Subject + shall/will+V1+object
 P.V: object + shall/will+be+V3+by +subject
 Eg: I will take class tomorrow (AV)
 Class will be taken by me tomorrow(PV)
 He will complete the work (AV)
 The work will be completed by him (PV)
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12. Future Perfect
 A.V. subject + shall/will+have+V3+object
 P.V : object + shall/will+have+been+V3+by+subject
 Eg: He will have built a building by 2023
 A building will have been built by him by 2023
 Note: no passive form in future continuous &
future perfect continuous
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13. Active & passive voice structures
Present Simple
A.V:
sub+V1+object
P.V. object +
am/is/are+v3+by
+subject
Past Simple
A.V:
subject+V2+obje
ct
P.V. object + was/
were+V3+by+sub
ject
Future Simple
A.V. subject +shall/
will+V1+object
P.V. subject + shall/
will+be+V3+by+obje
ct
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14. Structures
Present Continuous
A.V: subject + am/is/
are+V4+object
P.V: object +
am/is/are+
being+V3+by+subje
ct
Past Continuous
A.V. Subject + was/
were+V4+object
P.V. object +
was/were+being+V3
+
by + subject
Present Perfect
A.V: subject + have/
has+V3+object
P.V. object +
have/has+been+V3+
by+subject
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15. structures
Past Perfect
 A.V:
subject+had+V3+object
 P.V.
object+had+been+v3+by+
 subject
Future Perfect
 A.V: subject +
shall/will+have+V3+object
 P.V: object +
shall/will+have+been+v3+
by+object
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16. Active & Passive voice in questions
 A.V. Who will like this shirt?
 P.V. By whom will this shirt be
liked?
 A.V. When did you pay school fee?
 P.V. When was school fee paid by
you?
 A.V. What are you doing ?
 P.V. What is being done by you ?
 A.V. Can you speak English ?
 P.V. Can English be spoken by
you ?
 A.V. Do you write a novel ?
 P.V. Is a novel written by you ?
 A.V. Has he watched Bhishma
movie ?
 P.V. Has Bhishma movie been
watched by him ?
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17. Active & Passive voice in Imperative sentences
 A.V. Close the door (V1+Object)
 P.V. Let the door be closed(Let +object + be +V3)
 A.V. Don’t send a message (don’t+V1+object)
 P.V. Let a message not to be sent(let + object + not to +be+ V3)
 A.V. Please pay the fee .
 P.V. You are requested to pay the fee
 Let the fee to be paid , please.
 A.V. Let him do the work
 P.V. Let the work be done by him.
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18. Active & Passive voice in modal auxiliaries
 A.V. I would buy a car.
 P.V. A car would be bought by me.
 A.V. She can lift the box.
 P.V. The box can be lifted by her.
 A.V. All must learn English.
 P.V. English must be learnt by all.
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19. Active & Passive voice in phrasal verbs
 A.V. She brought up him.
 P.V. He was brought up by her.
 A.V. He looks after it.
 P.V. It is looked after by him.
 A.V. Govt. will put off exams.
 P.V. Exams will be put off by Govt.
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20. Transformation from Passive to Active voice
P.V. A poem has been written by Prathyusha.
A.V. Prathyusha has written a poem
P.V. Lunch will be had by him.
A.V. He will have lunch.
P.V. Songs are being sung by them.
A.V. They are singing songs.
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21. Change the following sentences into passive voice
 He will publish a book.
 She arranged a meeting.
 Pinky has watched movies.
 They had prepared a model.
 Chandu taught us grammar.
 Gouthami is cooking food.
 Have you taken lunch ?
 Switch off the lights.

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