A basic note on immunology

1. A Presentation on Immunology
Prepared By: Md. Ashraful Kader
JESSORE UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

2. OUTLINE
• Immunology
• Timeline of Immunology
• Immunity
. Immune Response
• Types of Immunity
• Cell of Immune System
• Innate Immunity
• Aquired Immunity
• Phagocytosis
• Overcoming Phagocytosis Defense
• Natural killer Cell
• Function Of Natural Killer Cell

3. Timeline of Immunology

4. Timeline of Immunology
• 430 B.C. Thucydides People have been sicked free from illness
Song dynasty A divine doctor Emei Mountain Variolation
• 1798 Jenner Vaccination
• 1880 Pasteur Attenuated chicken cholera vaccine
• 1890 Behring/Kitasato Antitoxin ―Humoralimmunity hypothesis
• 1883 Metchnikoff Endocytosis - Cytoimmunity hypothesis
• 1905 Pirquet/Schick Horse serum sickness (Hypersensitivity)
• 1945 Owen/Burnet Immune tolerance hypothesis
• 1959 Burnet Clonal selection hypothesis
• 1965 Immune Interferone
•

5. What’s About Immunity
• IMMUNITY
• protection from disease (infectious disease)
• IMMUNE SYSTEM
• organ, cell, molecule and gene
• IMMUNE RESPNSE
• response to the foreign substances

6. Immune Response
• Self molecule
• Non self molecule
They are two types
Antibody
mediated
response
Cell mediated
response

7. Types Of Immunity

8. Cells Of Immune System

9. Natural(Innate)Immunity
• Present from birth
• Natural defense mechanism
• 1.Physical and chemical barriers
-Skin and mucous membrane
• 2.Action of WBC
• 4. Inflammatory response

10. Important components of innate immunity

11. MECHANISMS OF INNATE IMMUNITY

12. Mechanism of Adaptive Immunity

13. Phagocytosis “cellular eating”

14. Other Methods of Phagocytes

15. Overcoming Phagocytosis
• Avoid provoking an overwhelming inflammatory response
• Inhibit phagocyte chemotaxis.
• Remain confined in regions inaccessible to phagocytes
• Inhibition of Phagocytic Engulfment
• Inhibition of fusion of the phagocytic lysosomes (granules) with the phagosome.
• Survival inside the phagolysosome.
• Killing Phagocytes Before Ingestion
• Killing Phagocytes After Ingestion
• Products of Bacteria that Kill or Damage Phagocytes

16. Mode of Action

17. Natural Killer(NK) Cells
• a type of cytotoxic lymphocyte
• White blood cell
• large granular lymphocytes
• Kill by releasing small cytoplasmic granules of
protein
• Identified by CD16, CD56, KAR, KIR

18. Function of NK Cell
Control several types of tumors & microbial infections by subsequent tissue dam
NK cells kill host cells infected by intracellular microbes
eliminating reservoirs of infection.
NK cells secrete IFN𝜸 in response to IL-12 produced by macrophages
IFN𝜸 activates the macrophages to kill phagocytosed microbes

19. Regulation of NK cell Activity

20. Mechanism of Action