COMMUNICATIONN AND NPR

1. Communication and nurse
patient relationship
ANILKUMKAR BR , LECTURER MSN

2. What is communication

3. 1) Communication ( Levels, Elements, Types, Modes, process and
Factors influencing communication)
2) Principles of communication
* Methods of effective communication
3) Attending skills
* Rapport building skills
* Empathy skills
4) Barriers to effective communication

4. Introduction
• Communication is the use of words and behaviors to
construct, send and interpret messages.
• It conveys varied messages like information, emotions,
human acceptance or rejection.

5. Introduction
• Communication is a dynamic, reciprocal process of
sending and receiving messages.
• This messages may be Verbal, non – Verbal or both and
may involve two or more people.
• Thus, communication forms the basis for sharing
meaning and building effective working relationship
among individuals, families and the health care team.

6. Introduction
• Communication is at the heart of nursing and is
essential in conveying, caring and applying
nursing skills and knowledge.

7. Definition of communication

8. Levels of communication
Communication occurs at any of the three levels
1) INTRAPERSONAL COMMUNICATION
2) INTERPERSONAL COMMUNICATION
3) PUBLIC COMMUNICATION

10. INTRAPERSONAL COMMUNICATION

11. Intrapersonal communication
• Intrapersonal communication, also called self – talk, is a
powerful form of communication that occurs within
individual.
• Communication occurring within the mind of person or
individual
• The communication within oneself
• The sound of your thinking

12. Interpersonal communication

13. Interpersonal communication

14. Interpersonal communication

15. Public communication

16. Public communication
• Public communication is the interaction of one
individual with large groups of people.
• You will have opportunities to speak with groups of
people.
• You will make special adaptations in eye contact,
posture, gestures, voice and use of media materials to
communicate effectively.

17. Mass communication

18. Mass communication
• The process where by media organizations produce
and transmit messages to large public and the process
by which those messages are sought, used, and
consumed by audience.
• Examples ( Radio, TV, News paper, Internet)

19. Basic elements of the communication
process
* The elements of communication process is the
steps we take in order to successfully
communicate.

20. Basic elements of the communication
process
1) Referent
2) Sender
3) Message
4) Channel
5) Reciver
6) Environment
7) Feedback

21. Referent
 The referent motivates one person to
communicate with another.
 In health care environment, sights, sounds,
odors, time schedule, emotions, sensations,
perceptions and other cause initiate
communication.

22. Sender (Encode)
 The sender is the person who delivers the
message

23. The Message
 The Message is the content of the
communication or conversation, including Verbal
and non Verbal information the sender express.

24. The channel
 The channel is the means of conveying and
receiving the message through visual, auditory,
and tactile senses.

25. The Reciver (Decoding)
 The Message acts as one of the receivers
referents, promoting a response.

26. The Environment
 The Environment is the physical and emotional climate
in which the interaction take place.
 The more positive an environment, the more
successful the communication exchange.

27. The Feedback
 The msssage the reciver returns to the sender
is feedback.
Feedback indicates whether the reciver
understood the meaning of the sender message.
.

28. Types of communication
 Verbral communication
 Non – Verbral communication

29. Verbral communication
 Verbral communication involves the spoken or
written world.
 Verbral communication is the use of spoken and
written words to send a message.
 It is influenced by factors such as educational
background, culture, language, age and past
experiences.

30. Verbral communication
 Verbral communication is generally a conscious
act, in which the sender is able to select the most
effective words to communicate a message

31. Verbral communication
 When delivering a verbral message, keep the
following factors in mind

32.  Vocabulary
 Denotative and Connotative Meaning
 Pacing
 Intonation
 Clarity and brevity
 Timing and relevance

33. Vocabulary
 Vocabulary : Communication is the unsuccessful
if the reciver cannot translate a sender’s words
and phrases.

34. Denotative and Connotative Meaning
 A single word sometimes has several meanings.

37. Pacing
 The pace and rhythm of the delivery can alter
the receivers interpretation of the message.
 Talking rapidly, using awkward pauses, or
speaking slowly and deliberately conveys an
unintended message.

38. Intonation
 Tone of voice dramatically affects a messages
meaning, and emotions directly influence tone of voice.

39. Clarity and brevity
 Effective communication is simple, short, and to
the point to minimize confusion.
 Avoid phrases such as “ you know” or OK at
the end of every sentence.
 Give examples to clarify messages for the
reciver.

40. Timing and relevance
 Timing is critical in communication.
 Even if message is clear, poor timings prevents it
from being effective.
 Don’t begin routine teaching when a patient is in
severe pain or emotional distress.
 The best time for interaction is when a patient
express an interest in communicating.

41. Non verbral communication

42. Non verbral communication
 Non verbral communication includes messages sent
through the language is the body, without using words.

43. Non verbral communication
 Non verbral communication communication or body
language is a method a sending a message without
using speech or writing.
 Communication without words is done in many ways
including gestures, facial expressions, posture, gait,
tone of voice, Silence, touch, eye contact and Physical
appearance.

44. Communication process

45. Factors influencing communication
 Environmental
 Physical health
 Emotional status
 Growth and development status
 Gender
 Attitude, valves, and beliefs
 self concept and self-esteem

46. Factors influencing communication
 Sociocultural factors ( educational level, Language and
Custom and expectations)
 Environmental ( Degree of privacy, degree of comfort
and safety, Noise level)

47. Communication process

48. Principles of communication
 Principle of clarity
 Princeple of objective
 Princeple of understanding the receiver
 Principle of consistency
 Principle of completeness
 Princeple of feedback
 Princeple of time

49. Methods of effective communication
 Effective communication is essential for
successful interpersonal relationship.
 Therefore it is necessary to take steps for
effective communication

50. Methods of effective communication
 Listen carefully
 Stay focused
 Try to see their point of view
 Respond to criticism with empathy
 Use ” I “ messages
 Look for compromise
 Take a time out

51. Conti
 Avoid arguments
 Be confident
 Think before you speak
 Be updated
 Don’t pretend
 Stay away from gossip
 Feedback

52. Methods of effective communication
 Listen carefully ( This is the first and the
foremost commandment for effective
communication techniques.
• Listen carefully what the other person is saying.
Don’t interrupt.don’t get defensive.
• Good listener has to be a good observer.

53. Stay focused
 Mutual understanding is important. Saty focused on
the present, feelings, friendliness, understand one
another and finding a solution.

54. Try to see their point of view
 Talk less and focus more on other point of view
so that one can gain more information.

55. Respond to criticism with Empathy
 Listen for the other person’s pain and respond with
empathy feeling and look for what is true and what they
are saying.

56. Use” I “ messages
 Use I messages rather than saying “you”.
 it helps other person to understand rather than
feeling attacked
 example ( I feel frustrated when this happens)

57. Look for compromise

58. Take a time out
 Take a break when others start to get too angry to be
constructive or showing some destructive
communication. Sometimes good communication
means knowing when to take a break.

59. Avoid arguments
 Sometimes healthy conversation may turn into
an argument. Arguing does nothing but wastes
the time.

60. Be confident

61. Think before you speaking

62. Be updated

63. Don’t pretend

64. Feedback