For foreign travel

1. Health regulation malaria
Certificate
By ~ Anil Kumar
DR. B. R. Ambedkar
college, Jagdishpura
(Kaithal)

2. Malaria
• Malaria is a common and life-
threatening disease in many tropical
and subtropical areas.
• There are currently over 100 countries
or areas at risk of malaria transmission.
• Which are visited by more than 125
million international travelers every
year.

3. Background
• Each year many international travelers
fall ill with malaria while visiting
countries or areas at risk.
• Well over 10 000 are reported to become
ill after returning home.
• However, underreporting means that the
real figure may be considerably higher.

4. • A number of countries
restrict entry for people
without vaccination .
• This means that
foreigners without
vaccination may be
refused entry, denied
permission to work or
settle, or even be
deported.
Travel restrictions

5. Certificate of Vaccination
 The Carte Jaune or Yellow Card is an
international certificate of vaccination (ICV). It is
issued by the World Health Organization. It is
recognized internationally and may be required for
entry to certain countries where there are increased
health risks for travelers. The Yellow Card should be
kept in the holder's passport, as it is a medical
passport of sorts.

6. Yellow Certificate
issued by WHO

7. Current distribution of malaria is
shown on the map

8. Risk for Travelers
• During the transmission season in countries or
areas at risk, all non-immune travelers exposed to
mosquito bites, especially between dusk and dawn,
are at risk of malaria.
• This includes previously semi-immune travelers
who have lost or partially lost their immunity
during stays of 6 months or more in countries or
areas of no risk.
• Children who have migrated to countries and areas
of no risk are particularly at risk when they travel to
malarias areas to visit friends and relatives.

9. Precautions
Travelers and their advisers should note the four principles –
the ABCD – of
● Be Aware of the risk, the incubation period, the possibility
of delayed onset and the main symptoms.
● Avoid being Bitten by mosquitoes, especially between dusk
and dawn.
● Take antimalarial drugs (Chemoprophylaxis) when
appropriate, to prevent infection from developing into
clinical disease.
● Immediately seek Diagnosis and treatment if a fever
develops 1 week or more after entering an area where
there is a malaria risk and up to 3 months after departure
from a risk area.

10. Take proper advice
• Travelers should realize that self-
treatment is a first-aid measure
• And that they should still seek
medical advice as soon as
possible.