1) Justin and Danielle Sauder will be traveling to Zambia, Africa where there are current travel notices for polio, dengue fever, and measles outbreaks.
2) Routine vaccinations like hepatitis A and B and typhoid are recommended for travel to most developing countries. Yellow fever vaccination is required for travel to Zambia from October 2011.
3) Malaria is a major health risk in Zambia, with over 4 million cases annually. Proper antimalarial drugs and prevention of mosquito bites are essential for travel there.
Rotary can take you many places. What can you do to stay
healthy while visiting other countries? A travel expert will
help you plan ahead. You’ll learn how to figure out which
immunizations you’ll need, and other measures you can take
to prevent disease.
Rotary can take you many places. What can you do to stay
healthy while visiting other countries? A travel expert will
help you plan ahead. You’ll learn how to figure out which
immunizations you’ll need, and other measures you can take
to prevent disease.
slides on emporiatrics for indian travellers,i was not able to find a decent slide so i compiled the epidemologicl data for various diseases hope u guys find it useful
National Vector Borne Disease Control Program.pptxDR.SUMIT SABLE
WELL THIS IS ABOUT VECTOR BORNE DISEASE CONTROL PROGRAMME AND MALERIA IN DEPTH . OVERALL OVERVIEW OF NVBDCP HAS GIVEN AND THEN DETAILS ABOUT MALERIA ARE DISCUSSED AND ALL OTHER DISEASES IN PROGRAMME ARE ALSO COVERED.
Malaria, one of the world’s biggest killers, is an infectious disease passed on by a mosquito bite. The following separates facts from myths, answers frequently asked questions and helps prevent malaria while travelling.
Read the article on http://www.thetravelmagazine.net/prevent-malaria-while-travelling.html
Travel Vaccination Clinics are very important and provide some protection. You should still take care with food, drink and personal hygiene when aborad.When you have your check-up at your local surgery, it’s a good idea to review your medical history, present state of health, medications and any allergies. Keep your immunisation certificates (and list of current medication) with your passport for use during your travels and as a record for the future.
Know more: https://www.travel-doc.com/service/vaccinations/
Fighting Against Ebola: Public Health and NepalMMC, IOM, Nepal
Ebola is not just a clinical manifestation but is seen as more of a Global health injustice issue to developing nations. And, Nepal being one of those developing nations, is it ready for the potential Ebola outbreak?
slides on emporiatrics for indian travellers,i was not able to find a decent slide so i compiled the epidemologicl data for various diseases hope u guys find it useful
National Vector Borne Disease Control Program.pptxDR.SUMIT SABLE
WELL THIS IS ABOUT VECTOR BORNE DISEASE CONTROL PROGRAMME AND MALERIA IN DEPTH . OVERALL OVERVIEW OF NVBDCP HAS GIVEN AND THEN DETAILS ABOUT MALERIA ARE DISCUSSED AND ALL OTHER DISEASES IN PROGRAMME ARE ALSO COVERED.
Malaria, one of the world’s biggest killers, is an infectious disease passed on by a mosquito bite. The following separates facts from myths, answers frequently asked questions and helps prevent malaria while travelling.
Read the article on http://www.thetravelmagazine.net/prevent-malaria-while-travelling.html
Travel Vaccination Clinics are very important and provide some protection. You should still take care with food, drink and personal hygiene when aborad.When you have your check-up at your local surgery, it’s a good idea to review your medical history, present state of health, medications and any allergies. Keep your immunisation certificates (and list of current medication) with your passport for use during your travels and as a record for the future.
Know more: https://www.travel-doc.com/service/vaccinations/
Fighting Against Ebola: Public Health and NepalMMC, IOM, Nepal
Ebola is not just a clinical manifestation but is seen as more of a Global health injustice issue to developing nations. And, Nepal being one of those developing nations, is it ready for the potential Ebola outbreak?
Travel, Blood Borne Viruses and Sexual Health (part 1 of 5)susan donan
Powerpoint presentation by Susan Doran, Workplace Health Improvement Advisor,
NHS Grampian, about travel, blood bourne viruses and your sexual health.
This section includes details about malaria, who might be at risk if they fly and explains both what is and how to avoid DVT (deep vein thrombosis).
slides 1-11
The world has somewhat come to a standstill at this moment due to the COVID-19 virus; everyone is affected but probably the most affected are all types of travelers such as globetrotters, adventure travelers, frequent flyers, holidaymakers, pilgrims, etc.
visit our website to know more: https://inthetravel.com/
Yellow fever is a viral disease transmitted by the Aedes mosquito. India is free from yellow fever. Vaccination against yellow fever is available and is highly effective. A vaccination certificate is required to travel in a yellow fever free zone/country
Similar to Pre trip health preparations (without notes) (20)
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN HEALTHCARE.pdfAnujkumaranit
Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to the simulation of human intelligence processes by machines, especially computer systems. It encompasses tasks such as learning, reasoning, problem-solving, perception, and language understanding. AI technologies are revolutionizing various fields, from healthcare to finance, by enabling machines to perform tasks that typically require human intelligence.
NVBDCP.pptx Nation vector borne disease control programSapna Thakur
NVBDCP was launched in 2003-2004 . Vector-Borne Disease: Disease that results from an infection transmitted to humans and other animals by blood-feeding arthropods, such as mosquitoes, ticks, and fleas. Examples of vector-borne diseases include Dengue fever, West Nile Virus, Lyme disease, and malaria.
Ethanol (CH3CH2OH), or beverage alcohol, is a two-carbon alcohol
that is rapidly distributed in the body and brain. Ethanol alters many
neurochemical systems and has rewarding and addictive properties. It
is the oldest recreational drug and likely contributes to more morbidity,
mortality, and public health costs than all illicit drugs combined. The
5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
(DSM-5) integrates alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence into a single
disorder called alcohol use disorder (AUD), with mild, moderate,
and severe subclassifications (American Psychiatric Association, 2013).
In the DSM-5, all types of substance abuse and dependence have been
combined into a single substance use disorder (SUD) on a continuum
from mild to severe. A diagnosis of AUD requires that at least two of
the 11 DSM-5 behaviors be present within a 12-month period (mild
AUD: 2–3 criteria; moderate AUD: 4–5 criteria; severe AUD: 6–11 criteria).
The four main behavioral effects of AUD are impaired control over
drinking, negative social consequences, risky use, and altered physiological
effects (tolerance, withdrawal). This chapter presents an overview
of the prevalence and harmful consequences of AUD in the U.S.,
the systemic nature of the disease, neurocircuitry and stages of AUD,
comorbidities, fetal alcohol spectrum disorders, genetic risk factors, and
pharmacotherapies for AUD.
MANAGEMENT OF ATRIOVENTRICULAR CONDUCTION BLOCK.pdfJim Jacob Roy
Cardiac conduction defects can occur due to various causes.
Atrioventricular conduction blocks ( AV blocks ) are classified into 3 types.
This document describes the acute management of AV block.
Basavarajeeyam is an important text for ayurvedic physician belonging to andhra pradehs. It is a popular compendium in various parts of our country as well as in andhra pradesh. The content of the text was presented in sanskrit and telugu language (Bilingual). One of the most famous book in ayurvedic pharmaceutics and therapeutics. This book contains 25 chapters called as prakaranas. Many rasaoushadis were explained, pioneer of dhatu druti, nadi pareeksha, mutra pareeksha etc. Belongs to the period of 15-16 century. New diseases like upadamsha, phiranga rogas are explained.
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Title: Sense of Smell
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the primary categories of smells and the concept of odor blindness.
Explain the structure and location of the olfactory membrane and mucosa, including the types and roles of cells involved in olfaction.
Describe the pathway and mechanisms of olfactory signal transmission from the olfactory receptors to the brain.
Illustrate the biochemical cascade triggered by odorant binding to olfactory receptors, including the role of G-proteins and second messengers in generating an action potential.
Identify different types of olfactory disorders such as anosmia, hyposmia, hyperosmia, and dysosmia, including their potential causes.
Key Topics:
Olfactory Genes:
3% of the human genome accounts for olfactory genes.
400 genes for odorant receptors.
Olfactory Membrane:
Located in the superior part of the nasal cavity.
Medially: Folds downward along the superior septum.
Laterally: Folds over the superior turbinate and upper surface of the middle turbinate.
Total surface area: 5-10 square centimeters.
Olfactory Mucosa:
Olfactory Cells: Bipolar nerve cells derived from the CNS (100 million), with 4-25 olfactory cilia per cell.
Sustentacular Cells: Produce mucus and maintain ionic and molecular environment.
Basal Cells: Replace worn-out olfactory cells with an average lifespan of 1-2 months.
Bowman’s Gland: Secretes mucus.
Stimulation of Olfactory Cells:
Odorant dissolves in mucus and attaches to receptors on olfactory cilia.
Involves a cascade effect through G-proteins and second messengers, leading to depolarization and action potential generation in the olfactory nerve.
Quality of a Good Odorant:
Small (3-20 Carbon atoms), volatile, water-soluble, and lipid-soluble.
Facilitated by odorant-binding proteins in mucus.
Membrane Potential and Action Potential:
Resting membrane potential: -55mV.
Action potential frequency in the olfactory nerve increases with odorant strength.
Adaptation Towards the Sense of Smell:
Rapid adaptation within the first second, with further slow adaptation.
Psychological adaptation greater than receptor adaptation, involving feedback inhibition from the central nervous system.
Primary Sensations of Smell:
Camphoraceous, Musky, Floral, Pepperminty, Ethereal, Pungent, Putrid.
Odor Detection Threshold:
Examples: Hydrogen sulfide (0.0005 ppm), Methyl-mercaptan (0.002 ppm).
Some toxic substances are odorless at lethal concentrations.
Characteristics of Smell:
Odor blindness for single substances due to lack of appropriate receptor protein.
Behavioral and emotional influences of smell.
Transmission of Olfactory Signals:
From olfactory cells to glomeruli in the olfactory bulb, involving lateral inhibition.
Primitive, less old, and new olfactory systems with different path
micro teaching on communication m.sc nursing.pdfAnurag Sharma
Microteaching is a unique model of practice teaching. It is a viable instrument for the. desired change in the teaching behavior or the behavior potential which, in specified types of real. classroom situations, tends to facilitate the achievement of specified types of objectives.
7. WHERE ARE YOU GOING?
About 55-60 million trips outside the U.S.
Borders every year. 25-30 million overseas
trips are made every year by about 15-16
million Americans.
20 million go to 8 million go to
developed areas – 3200 of these international
travelers will die on foreign developing countries
4 million ill (20%) – 4 million ill (50 %)
soil!!
8. WHERE ARE YOU GOING?
• Justin and Danielle Sauder – Zambia
• Ron and Anne Moreland – Kyrgyzstan (Keer-gih-
STAN)
• Tim Ferus – Medical Missions
• David and Andrea White – Chile
• Jason and Sarah Sykes – Venezuela
• Rey and Nicole Martinez – South Dakota
14. POLIO
A disease caused by a virus that affects a
person's nervous system. Even though most
infected people have no symptoms, signs
and symptoms of severe illness may include
paralysis of limbs and respiratory muscles
(which can lead to DEATH).
15. POLIO
1988
More than 125 polio-
endemic countries
World Health
Assembly resolution
to eradicate polio
16. POLIO
In 2012, Only 3 countries
(Afghanistan, Nigeria, and
Pakistan) remain polio-
endemic
20. TRAVEL NOTICES IN EFFECT
FOR ZAMBIA
Measles
On May 10th 2011, the
Zambian Ministry of Health
said it had so far recorded
1076 cases with the majority
of the cases from Lundazi,
Chipata,and Chadiza
districts of the eastern
province .
21. Measles is a
very contagious
(easily spread)
illness caused by
a virus.
23. AIRLINE REGISTRATION
Several airlines have
registration processes that
allow travelers to provide
their contact information,
emergency contact/next-
of-kin information, and
travel itinerary information
in case of an emergency.
24. UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF STATE
The U.S. State Department provides a free
travel registration service to U.S. citizens
who are traveling or living in another
country. Registration allows a traveler to
record information about his or her
upcoming trip abroad that the Department
of State can use to assist in case of an
emergency.
25. UNITED STATES EMBASSY
Americans residing abroad can also get
routine information from the nearest U.S.
embassy or consulate.
Mark Storella
Appointed 2010
35. TRAVEL VACCINATIONS
HEPATITIS A VACCINE – GENERAL RECOMMENDATIONS
Recommended for all unvaccinated FOOD AND
people traveling to or working in WATER
PRECAUTIONS
countries with an intermediate or
high level of hepatitis A virus CDC
infection where exposure might Recommendations
occur through food or water. Cases
of travel-related hepatitis A can also Madaris Evangelistic
occur in travelers to developing Ministries
countries with "standard" tourist
itineraries, accommodations, and 161 Teal Drive
food consumption behaviors. Ringgold, GA 30736
www.madarisministries.com
38. TRAVEL VACCINATIONS
HEPATITIS B VACCINE – GENERAL RECOMMENDATIONS
Recommended for all unvaccinated
persons traveling to or working in
countries with intermediate to high
levels of endemic HBV transmission,
especially those who might be
exposed to blood or body fluids,
have sexual contact with the local
population, or be exposed through
medical treatment (e.g., for an
accident).
41. TRAVEL VACCINATIONS
TYPHOID VACCINE – GENERAL RECOMMENDATIONS
Recommended for all
unvaccinated people traveling
to or working in Central Africa,
especially if staying with
friends or relatives or visiting
smaller cities, villages, or rural
areas where exposure might
occur through food or water.
45. TRAVEL VACCINATIONS
YELLOW FEVER VACCINE – GENERAL RECOMMENDATIONS
• Recommendations: Aedes aegypti
Generally not recommended for travelers mosquito
going to the North West and Western
Provinces.
Not recommended in all other areas
• Requirements: Required if traveling from a
country with risk of YFV transmission and
≥9 months of age. Vaccine is also required
if the traveler has been in transit for >12
hours in the airport of a country with risk of
YFV transmission. (Updated December 30,
2011)
• Vaccination should be given 10 days before
travel and at 10-year intervals if there is on-
going risk.
48. YELLOW FEVER TRAVEL ALERT
26 August 2011
South Africans travelling to Zambia will now be required to have a Yellow Fever
vaccination certificate following a global Yellow Fever risk assessment conducted
by the World Health Organisation (WHO).
Zambia`s status has been classified as a low risk. However, as Yellow Fever is
vaccine preventable, and travellers to and from countries with a low risk of
transmission still risk contracting or importing Yellow Fever into South Africa, the
Department of Health in South Africa has updated the Yellow Fever vaccination
policy to include Zambia.
The new policy will be effective from 1 October 2011. From this date, a valid
Yellow Fever certificate will be required for travellers over 1 year old:
travelling from Zambia, or
having been in transit through a Yellow Fever risk country including Zambia.
50. TRAVEL VACCINATIONS
RABIES VACCINE – GENERAL RECOMMENDATIONS
Recommended for travelers spending a lot of
time outdoors, especially in rural areas,
involved in activities such as bicycling,
camping, or hiking. Also recommended for
travelers with significant occupational risks
(such as veterinarians), for long-term
travelers and expatriates living in areas with a
significant risk of exposure, and for travelers
involved in any activities that might bring
them into direct contact with bats, carnivores,
and other mammals. Children are considered
at higher risk because they tend to play with
animals, may receive more severe bites, or
may not report bites.
52. MALARIA
90% of all Malaria Deaths Occur
in Sub-Saharan Africa
1 child dies every minute in Africa
from Malaria
53. MALARIA
Malaria is the leading cause of death in Zambia. It affects more than 4
million Zambians annually and kills 8000 people every year….more than
50% of these are children under 5.
54. Bryant Wright Fred Luter
President - Southern Baptist Most likely next President of the
Convention Southern Baptist Convention
MALARIA
The Southern Baptist Convention found that missionaries working in malaria endemic areas
were consistently leaving the field around 10 years – They discovered that malaria meds
seemed to quit working as well around that time; They implemented a “missionary move”
policy to prevent this problem.
55. MALARIA IN ZAMBIA
MALARIA PROPHYLAXIS – GENERAL RECOMMENDATIONS
• Areas with malaria: All
• Estimated relative risk of malaria for
US travelers: Moderate
• Drug resistancec: Chloroquine
• Malaria species: P. falciparum >90%, P.
vivax up to 5%, P. ovale up to 5%.
• Recommended
chemoprophylaxis: Atovaquone-
proguanil, doxycycline, or mefloquine.
56. MALARIA
MALARIA PROPHYLAXIS – GENERAL RECOMMENDATIONS
A Special Note about Antimalarial Drugs
• You should purchase your antimalarial drugs
before travel.
• Halofantrine (marketed as Halfan) is widely
used overseas to treat malaria. CDC
recommends that you do NOT use halofantrine.
57. OTHER DISEASES IN CENTRAL AFRICA
Plague
Shistosomiasis
Marbug Hemorrhagic Fever
Histoplasmosis
Bird Flu (H5N1)
Amebiasis
Tuberculosis
HIV
58. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS
• Prevent Insect Bites
• Prevent Animal Bites and Scratches
• Be Careful about Food and Water
• Avoid Injuries
• After You Return Home
59. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS
• Consultation Fee - $110.00
• Nurses Fee - $165.00 ($20.00 1 st shot, $15.00 for each additional shot)
• Vaccines - $880
• Hepatitis A (2 shots) - $50.00
• Hepatitis B (3 shots) – $95.00
• Typhoid - $85.00
• Yellow Fever - $150.00
• Rabies (3 shots) - $500.00
$1,155