This PPT is about the workplace health & safety awarness.

2. INDEX
1) Definitions
A) Safety
B) Hazard
C) Near miss
D) Accident triangle
E) Accident
2) Hierarchy Of Risk Control
A) Steps of risk control
3) Personal Protective Equipment
4) Safe Use of Safety Belt
5) Fire Safety
A) Elements of fire
B) Classes of fire
C) Fire prevention
D) Fire protection
E) Suitable Extinguishers
F) Operation of extinguisher
G) Fire risk assessment & steps
6) Material Handling
A) Types
B) Hazards
7) 6’S Method
8) Electricity Safety
A) Hazards associated
B) Effects of electricity
C) Electrical Safety

3. Safety :
It is an absence of personal injuries
or property damage
OR
It is a positive action taken to
prevent harm.

4. Hazard :
Anything that has a potential to
cause harm is called hazard.

5. Near miss :
A Near Miss is an unplanned
event that did not result in
injury, illness, or damage – but
had the potential to do so.

6. ACCIDENTAL TRIANGLE
 Minor Injuries :
Cuts, Sprains, Grazes Etc..
 Major Injuries :
Multiple Bone Fractures, Fatality

7. Accident :
It is an unexpected or unwanted
situation typically resulting in
personal injuries, property damage
or both.

8. Hierarchy Of Risk Control
Hierarchy of risk
control is a system
used in industry to
minimize or eliminate
exposure to hazards.

9. 1) Elimination : Total removal of risk or hazard from the
workplace if possible. (Physical removal)
2) Substitution : Replacing something that produces hazard with
something that doesn’t.
3) Engineering control : Isolating peoples from the hazard, Ex –
Guards
4) Administrative controls : Changes to the way people work Ex
- SSOW, JSA Etc..
5) PPE : Personal Protective equipment.

11. PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT
These are the least effective means of controlling hazards. PPE’s include
Safety shoes, safety helmet, hand gloves, goggles, Safety belt, ear
plugs/muffs etc..

12.  Safety harness must be used above 1.8 mtrs.
 It should be certified, tested and should capable of sustaining SWL.
 It must have 2 lanyards and both have to be used during work.
 Anchoring points to be identified and hocks should be anchored separately to avoid fall.
 Use of life line in case of absence of anchoring point & life line should be at least 16 mm in
diameter.
 Knot should not be tied for safety harness.
 Regular inspection of safety harness to avoid cuts, breakage, etc.
 Careful Storage of harness after use i.e avoiding edges, material storage on harness etc.
SAFE USE OF SAFETY
HARNESS

13. SAFE USE OF SAFETY
HARNESS

14. FIRE
 Fire is a chemical chain reaction which releases Heat, Smoke
and light. Fire starts when a flammable/combustible material
(FUEL), in combination with sufficient OXYGEN is exposed to a
source of HEAT with chemical chain reaction. This is commonly
called as “Fire Tetrahedron”.

15. Classes Of Fire
 Fires are classified by the nature of the fuel.
 Class A – Normal fire Class B – Oil fire
 Class D – Metal fire
 Class C – Gas fire
 Class E – Electrical fire

16. Common Causes of Fire
 Naked flames
 Arson
 Un extinguished biddies & cigarettes
 Electricity
 Hot work
 Flammable liquids
 Un attended stoves, gases, candles etc.
 Fire works

17. Fire Prevention
 Fire can be prevented by following methods
 Smothering – Cutting off the oxygen supply
 Starvation – Separating the fuel/material
 Cooling – lowering the temperature by using water

18. Fire Protection
 Fire protection is the study and practice of mitigating the
unwanted effects of potentially destructive fires. There are
several types of fire protection systems. Such as
 1) Fire Extinguishers
 2) Water Sprinkler & Hydrant System.
 3) Automatic Fire Detection & Alarm System.
 4) Fire Dish.
 5) Manual call points.
 6) Fire Vehicles.

19. Use of Suitable Fire Extinguishers

20. How to operate extinguisher

21. Know department emergency procedures and evacuation routes
Know locations of extinguishers in your area and how to use them
Always sound the alarm regardless of fire size
Avoid smoky conditions
Ensure area is evacuated
Don’t attempt to fight unless:
Alarm is sounded
Fire is small and contained
You have safe egress route (can be reached without exposure to fire)
Available extinguishers are rated for size and type of fire
If in doubt, evacuate!
“DON’T ATTEMPT TO FIGHT UNLESS YOU ARE TRAINED”
Firefighting Decision Criteria

22.  It is a critical examination of the working area to identify fire
hazards present in that area, and to eliminate them to avoid
fire & explosions.
 Fire risk assessment must be carried out and written down
where there are 5 or more persons working, and it should be
suitable & sufficient.
 It has to be changed when there are changes in procedures,
legislations, work force, shifts, etc..
 It has to be dated, signed, reviewed & revised as necessary or
once per every year.
Fire Risk Assessment

23. Steps Of Fire Risk Assessment
 Identify the fire hazards
 Identify who might be harmed and how
 Evaluate the risks and decide control measures
 Recording significant findings
 Review and update if necessary,

24. Material Handling
Material Handling includes pulling, pushing, moving, shifting,
raising, lowering etc.. It uses a wide range of manual, automated, semi-
automated equipment and includes consideration of safety of materials and
personnel's. In India 20% of accidents are reported as material handling
accidents.
Types Of Material Handling
 Manual Handling
 Mechanical Handling

25. Hazards
Manual Handling Mechanical Equipment
 Load, size and shape 1) Overloading
 Repetitive movement 2) Overturning
 Vision block 3) Over speeding
 Sharp edges 4) Uneven surface
 Long Distance 5) Poor maintenance
 Higher Frequency 6) Electricity/batteries
 Wrong posture 7) No designated routes
 Route obstruction 8) Route Obstruction

26. Manual Handling
 Assess the load for its shape, size & weight;
 Remove obstruction from the route;
 Keep your body close to the load;
 Lower your body and bend your knees;
 Make a firm grip;
 Lift the load with your knees, not from the
back;
 Keep your back straight;
 Straighten your legs;
 Lift and turn your feet instead twisting back;
 Safely complete the task;

27. Mechanical Handling
Pallet Trucks Fork lift Trucks Hoists
Cranes Tower cranes

28. 6’S Method
6’S Describes how to organize a work place for efficiency and
effectiveness by identifying and storing the items used. 6’S is
 SEIRI - SORT
 SEITON - SET IN ORDER
 SEISO - SHINE
 SEIKETSU - STANDARDIZE
 SHITSUKE - SUSTAIN

29. Electricity
Hazards Associated With Electricity
 Overloading of circuits
 Using faulty equipment
 Exposed electrical parts
 Damaged insulation
 Improper grounding
 Damaged tools & equipment
 Overhead power lines
 Wet condition
 Over extension

30. Effects of Electricity
Primary Effects Secondary Effects
 Burns 1) Falls from height
 Shocks 2) Unintentional movement of
machinery
 Arcing 3) De-activation of security system
 Fire 4) Loss of information
 Explosion 5) Corporate reputation

31. Electrical Safety
 Don’t plug a bunch of stuff into one outlet or extension cord
 Put safety caps on all unused electrical outlets
 Don’t pull electrical cord from the socket
 Keep electrical stuffs away from water
 Don’t use damaged or faulty equipment
 Always use insulated tools while working
 Know the wire code
 Always inspect electrical equipment & ensure safety before use
 Always make grounding for electrical equipment
 Be aware of overhead and underground electrical lines.

32. Bhushan Deore
Deputy Manager