Considering the serious adverse consequences of growing environmental degradation steps had been taken to aware the students. This could have help our successor to take care of our environment to achieve green world.
In this PPT i gave some common hazards in workplace and consequence of those hazards. Here wee are not discussing about control measures for the hazards.
Mechanical & machinery hazards & their controlSalman Ahmed
A hazard is any agent that can cause harm or damage to humans, property, or the environment.
Mechanical hazards are those associated with power-driven machines, whether automated or manually operated.
In an industry, people interact with machines that are designed to drill, cut, shear, punch, etc. If appropriate safeguards are not in place or if workers fail to follow safety precautions, these machines can apply the same procedures to humans. Which can cause major human injuries.
In this PPT i gave some common hazards in workplace and consequence of those hazards. Here wee are not discussing about control measures for the hazards.
Mechanical & machinery hazards & their controlSalman Ahmed
A hazard is any agent that can cause harm or damage to humans, property, or the environment.
Mechanical hazards are those associated with power-driven machines, whether automated or manually operated.
In an industry, people interact with machines that are designed to drill, cut, shear, punch, etc. If appropriate safeguards are not in place or if workers fail to follow safety precautions, these machines can apply the same procedures to humans. Which can cause major human injuries.
This is a short presentation on world environment day celebrated on 5th june 2021. the presentation tells about the importance of protection of environment as well as the challenges
Earthquake Safety Week 2017 from 15-21 January 2017
Bihar State Disaster Management Authority has announced Earthquake Safety Week.
Bihar is located in the high seismic zone that falls on the boundary of the tectonic plate joining the Himalayan tectonic plate near the Bihar-Nepal Border and has six sub-surface fault lines moving towards the Gangetic planes in four directions. Of the 38 districts of Bihar, 8 districts fall in seismic zone V of which 2 districts (Madhubani and Supaul) fall entirely in seismic zone V while 24 districts fall in seismic zone IV and 6 districts in seismic zone III with most districts falling under multiple seismic zones (i.e. either seismic zone V & IV or seismic zone IV & III). The state has in the past experienced major earthquakes; the worst was the 1934 earthquake in which more than 10,000 people lost their lives, followed by 1988 earthquake and recent earthquake was the Sikkim earthquake in September 2011.
The new and growing urban centres in the state where building codes and control mechanisms are not enforced, earthquake remains a major threat to cities. This could result in social infrastructures such as schools and hospitals that are not built to be earthquake resistant could lead to serve damage and loss of lives as well.
The observation of safety guidelines are essential to the well being of any worker and the productivity of the said workers. this presentation will offer a clear guideline for those within the building industry.
This is a short presentation on world environment day celebrated on 5th june 2021. the presentation tells about the importance of protection of environment as well as the challenges
Earthquake Safety Week 2017 from 15-21 January 2017
Bihar State Disaster Management Authority has announced Earthquake Safety Week.
Bihar is located in the high seismic zone that falls on the boundary of the tectonic plate joining the Himalayan tectonic plate near the Bihar-Nepal Border and has six sub-surface fault lines moving towards the Gangetic planes in four directions. Of the 38 districts of Bihar, 8 districts fall in seismic zone V of which 2 districts (Madhubani and Supaul) fall entirely in seismic zone V while 24 districts fall in seismic zone IV and 6 districts in seismic zone III with most districts falling under multiple seismic zones (i.e. either seismic zone V & IV or seismic zone IV & III). The state has in the past experienced major earthquakes; the worst was the 1934 earthquake in which more than 10,000 people lost their lives, followed by 1988 earthquake and recent earthquake was the Sikkim earthquake in September 2011.
The new and growing urban centres in the state where building codes and control mechanisms are not enforced, earthquake remains a major threat to cities. This could result in social infrastructures such as schools and hospitals that are not built to be earthquake resistant could lead to serve damage and loss of lives as well.
The observation of safety guidelines are essential to the well being of any worker and the productivity of the said workers. this presentation will offer a clear guideline for those within the building industry.
The webinar covers:
• Ways to Identify Hazard
• Risk Assessment
• Hierarchy of Control
Presenter:
This webinar was presented by Mr. David Mutuna, PECB Trainer, who is also the Founder SHEQ and Food Safety Management Systems.
Link of the recorded session published on YouTube: https://youtu.be/9twKT0wc1xc
Poor Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) practices can have a negative impact on the welfare of workers, resulting in poor performance and low productivity. On the other hand, improving OHS drives good business practices, ensures continuous operations, and reduces pollution. This presentation introduces OHS in the context of the wood-processing industry, describes challenges faced by MSMEs and shares training recommendations based on the experience of our Forest Smallholder Project in the Mekong region.
definition
type
Biological hazards
fire and explosion hazards
preventive measures
safety measures
gas hazards
gas safety at work
mechanical hazards
dust hazards
industrial pollution
THE IMPORTANCE OF MARTIAN ATMOSPHERE SAMPLE RETURN.Sérgio Sacani
The return of a sample of near-surface atmosphere from Mars would facilitate answers to several first-order science questions surrounding the formation and evolution of the planet. One of the important aspects of terrestrial planet formation in general is the role that primary atmospheres played in influencing the chemistry and structure of the planets and their antecedents. Studies of the martian atmosphere can be used to investigate the role of a primary atmosphere in its history. Atmosphere samples would also inform our understanding of the near-surface chemistry of the planet, and ultimately the prospects for life. High-precision isotopic analyses of constituent gases are needed to address these questions, requiring that the analyses are made on returned samples rather than in situ.
This pdf is about the Schizophrenia.
For more details visit on YouTube; @SELF-EXPLANATORY;
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCAiarMZDNhe1A3Rnpr_WkzA/videos
Thanks...!
Earliest Galaxies in the JADES Origins Field: Luminosity Function and Cosmic ...Sérgio Sacani
We characterize the earliest galaxy population in the JADES Origins Field (JOF), the deepest
imaging field observed with JWST. We make use of the ancillary Hubble optical images (5 filters
spanning 0.4−0.9µm) and novel JWST images with 14 filters spanning 0.8−5µm, including 7 mediumband filters, and reaching total exposure times of up to 46 hours per filter. We combine all our data
at > 2.3µm to construct an ultradeep image, reaching as deep as ≈ 31.4 AB mag in the stack and
30.3-31.0 AB mag (5σ, r = 0.1” circular aperture) in individual filters. We measure photometric
redshifts and use robust selection criteria to identify a sample of eight galaxy candidates at redshifts
z = 11.5 − 15. These objects show compact half-light radii of R1/2 ∼ 50 − 200pc, stellar masses of
M⋆ ∼ 107−108M⊙, and star-formation rates of SFR ∼ 0.1−1 M⊙ yr−1
. Our search finds no candidates
at 15 < z < 20, placing upper limits at these redshifts. We develop a forward modeling approach to
infer the properties of the evolving luminosity function without binning in redshift or luminosity that
marginalizes over the photometric redshift uncertainty of our candidate galaxies and incorporates the
impact of non-detections. We find a z = 12 luminosity function in good agreement with prior results,
and that the luminosity function normalization and UV luminosity density decline by a factor of ∼ 2.5
from z = 12 to z = 14. We discuss the possible implications of our results in the context of theoretical
models for evolution of the dark matter halo mass function.
This presentation explores a brief idea about the structural and functional attributes of nucleotides, the structure and function of genetic materials along with the impact of UV rays and pH upon them.
Nutraceutical market, scope and growth: Herbal drug technologyLokesh Patil
As consumer awareness of health and wellness rises, the nutraceutical market—which includes goods like functional meals, drinks, and dietary supplements that provide health advantages beyond basic nutrition—is growing significantly. As healthcare expenses rise, the population ages, and people want natural and preventative health solutions more and more, this industry is increasing quickly. Further driving market expansion are product formulation innovations and the use of cutting-edge technology for customized nutrition. With its worldwide reach, the nutraceutical industry is expected to keep growing and provide significant chances for research and investment in a number of categories, including vitamins, minerals, probiotics, and herbal supplements.
(May 29th, 2024) Advancements in Intravital Microscopy- Insights for Preclini...Scintica Instrumentation
Intravital microscopy (IVM) is a powerful tool utilized to study cellular behavior over time and space in vivo. Much of our understanding of cell biology has been accomplished using various in vitro and ex vivo methods; however, these studies do not necessarily reflect the natural dynamics of biological processes. Unlike traditional cell culture or fixed tissue imaging, IVM allows for the ultra-fast high-resolution imaging of cellular processes over time and space and were studied in its natural environment. Real-time visualization of biological processes in the context of an intact organism helps maintain physiological relevance and provide insights into the progression of disease, response to treatments or developmental processes.
In this webinar we give an overview of advanced applications of the IVM system in preclinical research. IVIM technology is a provider of all-in-one intravital microscopy systems and solutions optimized for in vivo imaging of live animal models at sub-micron resolution. The system’s unique features and user-friendly software enables researchers to probe fast dynamic biological processes such as immune cell tracking, cell-cell interaction as well as vascularization and tumor metastasis with exceptional detail. This webinar will also give an overview of IVM being utilized in drug development, offering a view into the intricate interaction between drugs/nanoparticles and tissues in vivo and allows for the evaluation of therapeutic intervention in a variety of tissues and organs. This interdisciplinary collaboration continues to drive the advancements of novel therapeutic strategies.
Cancer cell metabolism: special Reference to Lactate PathwayAADYARAJPANDEY1
Normal Cell Metabolism:
Cellular respiration describes the series of steps that cells use to break down sugar and other chemicals to get the energy we need to function.
Energy is stored in the bonds of glucose and when glucose is broken down, much of that energy is released.
Cell utilize energy in the form of ATP.
The first step of respiration is called glycolysis. In a series of steps, glycolysis breaks glucose into two smaller molecules - a chemical called pyruvate. A small amount of ATP is formed during this process.
Most healthy cells continue the breakdown in a second process, called the Kreb's cycle. The Kreb's cycle allows cells to “burn” the pyruvates made in glycolysis to get more ATP.
The last step in the breakdown of glucose is called oxidative phosphorylation (Ox-Phos).
It takes place in specialized cell structures called mitochondria. This process produces a large amount of ATP. Importantly, cells need oxygen to complete oxidative phosphorylation.
If a cell completes only glycolysis, only 2 molecules of ATP are made per glucose. However, if the cell completes the entire respiration process (glycolysis - Kreb's - oxidative phosphorylation), about 36 molecules of ATP are created, giving it much more energy to use.
IN CANCER CELL:
Unlike healthy cells that "burn" the entire molecule of sugar to capture a large amount of energy as ATP, cancer cells are wasteful.
Cancer cells only partially break down sugar molecules. They overuse the first step of respiration, glycolysis. They frequently do not complete the second step, oxidative phosphorylation.
This results in only 2 molecules of ATP per each glucose molecule instead of the 36 or so ATPs healthy cells gain. As a result, cancer cells need to use a lot more sugar molecules to get enough energy to survive.
Unlike healthy cells that "burn" the entire molecule of sugar to capture a large amount of energy as ATP, cancer cells are wasteful.
Cancer cells only partially break down sugar molecules. They overuse the first step of respiration, glycolysis. They frequently do not complete the second step, oxidative phosphorylation.
This results in only 2 molecules of ATP per each glucose molecule instead of the 36 or so ATPs healthy cells gain. As a result, cancer cells need to use a lot more sugar molecules to get enough energy to survive.
introduction to WARBERG PHENOMENA:
WARBURG EFFECT Usually, cancer cells are highly glycolytic (glucose addiction) and take up more glucose than do normal cells from outside.
Otto Heinrich Warburg (; 8 October 1883 – 1 August 1970) In 1931 was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology for his "discovery of the nature and mode of action of the respiratory enzyme.
WARNBURG EFFECT : cancer cells under aerobic (well-oxygenated) conditions to metabolize glucose to lactate (aerobic glycolysis) is known as the Warburg effect. Warburg made the observation that tumor slices consume glucose and secrete lactate at a higher rate than normal tissues.
What is greenhouse gasses and how many gasses are there to affect the Earth.moosaasad1975
What are greenhouse gasses how they affect the earth and its environment what is the future of the environment and earth how the weather and the climate effects.
5. Due to human activities, different waste particles enter into the natural
environment which cause harmful effect to all living organism or
ecosystems.
Types of Pollution
Air Pollution by Industrial Emission & Vehicles
• Noise pollution
• Thermal pollution
• Radiation pollution
• Air Pollution
• Water Pollution
• Land Pollution
8. Water Pollution by Industrial effluents
Water Pollution
All Water is get Polluted ?
Can U give me a glass of fresh
Water ?
Please I am Very Thrusty !
10. How Does Recycling Helps the Environment
Recycling helps the
environment by
• Reducing Landfill
• Reduce Energy
Consumption
• Decrease Pollution
• Cost
Soil Pollution by soild wastes & Medical Hazardous wastes
What is Sustainable Development ?
14. Environmental Safety
Accident
an unexpected
unplanned,
uncontrollable,
and undesirable
event.
Control
Obey OSHA rule
Engineering controls
Work practices
Administrative controls
Use (PPE)
Industrial hazards :
HAZARDS
Physical
Chemical
Biological
Mechanical
Electrical
Pollution
Any accident that will occur in industries and cause injury, death and product
or property loss.
15. What is wrong with this picture?
Machanical Hazard
The Problem : Workers who operate & maintain machinery , each year suffer
approximately 18,000 persons amputations, lacerations, crushing injuries, abrasions
and 800 deaths
16. Causes of Machine Hazards
3 Basic Areas To Be Safeguarded
Operational Point
Moving Parts
Power Transmission Apparatus
Shearing Actions Bending Actions Punching Actions
18. CIVIL ENGINEERING
CONSTRUCTION SAFETY
Construction industry is one of the world’s major growing industries which provide
services to meet the rising needs and expectations of people throughout the world. In
India employs about 31 million people are employed in construction sector in which
close to 73% are seasonal and migrant workers, many of whom are unfamiliar with
construction processes, mainly contributing to the high rate of accidents.
19. Electrical Hazard Safety
Electrical hazard safety & types of injuries :
Taking precautions to identify and control electrical hazards, because it can lead to:
• injury or death
• fire or property damage
• Burns
• Shocks
• Falls
Electrical hazards arise due to:
• making contact with overhead wires
• undertaking maintenance on live equipment
• Working with damaged electrical equipment, plugs, sockets and electrical device.
• using equipment affected by rain or water ingress
If you come across a person receiving an electric shock:
• If possible, disconnect the electrical supply (switch?)
• assess the situation – never put yourself at risk
• take precautions to protect yourself and anyone else in the vicinity
• apply the first aid principles (e.g. DRSABCD)
• assess the injuries and move the casualty to a safe area if required
• administer first aid if trained
• seek urgent medical attention
20. Pay special attention to the condition of temporary cables & electrical equipment
To STAY ALIVE, you have to STAY ALERT
21. E-WASTE MANAGEMENT
What is e - waste ?
Electronic waste (e-waste) comprises waste electronics/electrical goods that are not
fit for their originally intended use or have reached their end of life. This may include
items such as computers, servers, mainframes, monitors, CDs, printers, scanners,
copiers, calculators, fax machines, battery cells, cellular phones, transceivers, TVs,
medical apparatus and electronic components besides white goods such as
refrigerators and air-conditioners.
When you throwing e-waste into the dustbin, it’s creates problems for the ecology
directly or indirectly for the living beings which are presents in air, water and cause
soil pollution.
E-waste contains materials like copper, silver, gold and platinum which could be
processed for their recovery.
E-waste contains toxic substances and chemicals, which are adverse effect on
environment and health, if not handled properly E - waste is hazardous only if it
contains hazardous constitutents.
22. Stop Growing of
Electronic Waste
Conclusion
• It is important that we create a national framework
for the environmentally sound management of e-
waste including wide public awareness and education
• Conduct detailed inventories of e-waste
• Initiate pilot schemes on collection and sorting of e-
wastes,including take back schemes and schemes for
repair refurbishment and recycling
23. Oil & Gas Operational Safety
In Petrochemical Industry
Petrochemical Industry facilities involved in the production of pure basic chemicals. Petrochemical
Industry facilities are following units:
• Refinery that processes crude oil into raw materials for the Petrochemical units
• Ethylene Units
• Polyethylene Units
• Propylene Units
• Polypropylene Units
• Butadiene Units
• Butene Units
• Aromatics Units
24. Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
Why do you need PPE?
On November 14, 2007, OSHA announced a new rule regarding employers to provide personal
protective equipment (PPE), that is required for any industry because it is safer and cheaper to eliminate
hazards than to provide personal protective equipment.
Protecting Employees from Workplace Hazards
• Employers must protect employees from workplace hazards and dangerous work procedures that can
cause injury, illness and fatalities.
• By Assessment of different physical hazards that may be present in your work area, which includes :
Sources of motion , high and low temperatures , falling objects , sharp objects , rolling objects , electric
hazards , slip and falls , harmful dusts , light radiation , welding , heat treating & high intensity lights etc.
25. Employees must:
Use all feasible engineering and work practice controls to eliminate and reduce hazards
• Then use appropriate PPE if these controls do not eliminate hazards
Training
Employees required to use PPE must be trained to know at least the following
When PPE is necessary
What type of PPE is necessary
How to properly put on, take off, adjust, and wear
Limitations of the PPE
Proper care, maintenance, useful life and disposal
Remember: PPE is the last control steps
Body Part Protection
26. Eye and Face Protection
Thousands of people are blinded every year from work related eye injuries. Which has been prevented,
if only people would have used eye or face protection. Types of eye / face hazards.
• Impact
• Heat
• Chemicals
• Dust
• Light or Radiation
Regular glasses or sunglasses are not appropriate SAFETY GLASSES
Object Striking Eyes
Dusts, Powders, Fumes, Mists , Small particles can enter your eyes & damage them.
Contact with Chemicals
Toxic chemicals Gases, Vapors, and Liquids
Swinging Objects
Large objects such as cables , ropes & tools that are thrown or fall
Thermal and Radiation Hazards
Operations such as welding, metal cutting, and working around furnaces can
expose your eyes to heat, ultraviolet, and infrared radiation
Control of Hazards
Machine Guards, Ventilation, Lighting , Safe Work Practices , Signs & Warnings , Eyewash Station
27. Goggles , Face Shields , Welding Helmets
90 % of all eye injuries can be prevented by suitable eye protection
Head Protection
Why is Head Protection Important?
In and around your head are : Eyes (with which you see), Ears (you hear), Nose
(you smell), Mouth (you eat and speak), Brain (you think). So injuries to the head
are very serious. For this reason, head protection and safety are very important .
Potential Incidences of Head Hazards
Impact : Falling of hard objects, Injuries include neck, Electric Shock, Drips, Molten
metals can irritate and burn the head, Toxic liquids such as acids, caustics.
Types of Head PPE
Hard hats
28. Hand Protection
Why is Hand Protection Important ?
Human hands are unique. No other creature can grasp, hold, move
and manipulate objects like a human hand. The hand is one of the
most complex parts of your body that coordination between bones,
tissues and nerves allows you to grip and do a variety of complex
tasks. Without your fingers or hands, your ability to work would be
greatly reduced. Almost 20% of all disabling accidents on the job
involve the hands
Types of Hand PPE Gloves
1). Metal mesh gloves – (resist sharp edges and prevent cuts), 2). Leather gloves – (shield your hands
from rough surfaces), 3). Vinyl and neoprene gloves – (protect your hands against toxic chemicals), 4).
Rubber gloves – (protect you when working around electricity), 5). Padded cloth gloves – (protect your
hands from sharp edges, dirt & vibration)
29. 6). Heat resistant gloves – (protect from heat and flames), 7). Latex disposable gloves – (protect from
germs and bacteria), 8). Lead-lined gloves – (protect from radiation sources), 9). Forearm Cuffs, Thumb
Guards, Mittens - (protect from forearm, thumb or fingers, protect your hands while working around very
cold or hot materials)
Foot Protection
Why is Foot Protection Important?
The human foot is rigid enough to support the weight of your entire body, and
yet flexible enough to allow you to run, dance, play sports, and to take you
anywhere you want to go. Without your feet and toes, your ability to work at
your job would be greatly reduced.
30. 1). Impact Injuries – (At work, heavy objects can fall on your feet or any sharp objects), 2). Injuries from
Spills – (hazardous chemical such as acids, caustics, and molten metals which cause and heat burns), 3).
Compression Injuries – (Heavy machinery, equipment, and other objects can roll over your feet which results
broken or crushed bones), 4). Electrical Shocks – (cause severe shocks and burns), 5). Extremes in Cold,
Heat, and Moisture, 6). Slipping – (Oil, water, soaps, wax, and other chemicals can cause you to slip & fall ).
Potential Incidences of Foot Hazards
Types of Foot PPE – ( Shoes & Boots )
1). Steel toe footwear – (protects your toes from falling objects and from being crushed), 2).
Metatarsal footwear – (special guards that run from your ankle to your toes and protect
your entire foot ), 3). Reinforced sole footwear – (metal reinforcement that protects your
foot from punctures), 4). Latex/Rubber footwear – (resists chemicals and provides extra
traction on slippery surfaces), 5). PVC footwear – (protects your feet against moisture and
improves traction)
31. 6). Butyl footwear – (protects against most ketones, aldehydes, alcohols, acids, salts, and alkalies), 7). Vinyl
footwear – (resists solvents, acids, alkalies, salts, water, grease, and blood), 8). Nitrile footwear – (resists
animal fats, oils, and chemicals), 9) Electrical hazard footwear – (insulated rubber to prevent shocks and
burns from electricity), 10). Disposable footwear – (shower slippers, clear polyethylene and non-woven
booties used in dust free work areas like TAJ MAHAL , Agra, India)
Body Protection
Why is Body Protection Important?
The skin acts as a natural barrier prevents from Chemicals which break down the skin barrier and allow infections.
Potential Incidences of Body Hazards
• Temperature stress
• Exposure to heat (hot metals) or cold (dry ice) which results in burns
•Chemical Contact
• Chemical splash
• Contact with potentially infectious materials
• Radiation
32. Types of Body PPE
•Insulated Coats and Pants
•Fire resistant
•Heat resistant
•Cold resistant
•Sleeves and Aprons
•Work well when pouring or manipulating chemical to reduce splash
•Make sure the sleeves and aprons are appropriate for the chemical
•Coveralls
•Tyvek use for particulate filtering such as asbestos
•Chemical rated
Full body suit – (Hazardous materials handling & Carbon filtering for emergency response)
34. FAQs
• What are important organic chemical parameters of waste
water?
• A)Chemical parameters of wastewater are carbohydrates,
proteins, lipids, fats, oils, grease, BOD, COD& TOC.
• What are the environmental legislation in India?
• A)1.The WaterAct-1974,2.The Air Act-1981,3.Environmental
Act-1986,4. The hazardous wastes Rules-1989,5.Biomedical
waste Rules-1998,6. The recycled plastics manufacture and
usage Rule-1999, 7.The Noise pollution Rules-2000,8.The
Ozone depleting substances Rules-2000,9. The Municipal solid
waste Rules-2000,10.The Batteries Rules-2001
35. FAQs
• What is Product safety?
• A)Product safety refers to physical health and safety
of citizens with respect to nonfood products such as
household appliances, toys, cars, cosmetics etc.
• What is PPE?
• A)It is Personal Protective Equipment and is of two
types. Respiratory type and Non-respiratory type.
• What is SPI
• A) It is Safety Performance Index and is a measure of
accident occurance.
36. Learn More
• You can learn more from the following e-
books:
• https://www.scientificpub.com/book-
details/Environmental-Engineering-And-
Safety--794.html
• https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/509
38667-environmental-engineering-and-safety
