The document discusses various mining methods for steeply dipping and massive ore deposits. It describes caving methods like sublevel caving and induced block caving that are suitable for massive deposits with low ore value. It also outlines self-supported methods including sublevel stoping and large open stope mining. Supported methods such as cut-and-fill stoping and undercut-and-fill stoping are described as well. Each method is examined in terms of its applications, advantages, and disadvantages.

1. Mining methods for s teeply dipping and massive deposits

2. Mining methods for s teeply dipping and massive deposits Self supported methods Sublevel caving Block caving Induced Block Caving Sublevel stoping Undercut and fill stoping Square-set stoping Cut-and-fill stoping Shrinkage stoping With caving of overburden Without caving of overburden Supported methods Large open stope mining Top slicing Continues bench backfilling stoping

3. CAVING METHODES

4. Sublevel caving

5. Sublevel caving

6. Sublevel caving

7. Induced block caving

8. Induced block caving with blasting on the broken rock 1 - drilling drifts ; 2 - level drift ; 3 - haulage drift ; 4 - draw points ; 5 - control crosscut.

9. Blocs foudroyés avec tir avec chambres de dégagement 1 - galeries de foration ; 2 - points de soutirage; 3 -galerie de transport 2 1 3 Volume relatif des chambres de dégagement - 30%

10. Bloc caving - non mechanized mining

11. Bloc caving - mechanized mining

12. Characteristics of caving methods Application : massive steeply dipping deposits low ore value Advantages : high stope output and personnel productivity low costs good security conditions Disadvantages : method is not selective high dilution and losses method is inflexible caving of surface

13. Top slicing Application : steeply dipping deposits ore width > to 3-4 m weak ore and walls high ore value Advantage : low loss and dilution Disadvantages : stope production and personnel productivity are low costs are high

14. SELF SUPPORTED METHODS

15. Sublevel stoping

16. Sublevel stoping

17. Sublevel stoping

18. Sublevel stoping in thick orebody A-a B-b C-c A A C C B B

19. Large open stope mining

20. Large open stope mining

21. Large open stope mining

22. Large open stope mining with primary and secondary stopes

23. Large open stope mining with caving of pillars

24. Large open stope mining with lost pillars

25. Characteristics of self supported methods Application : massive steeply dipping deposits competent ore and host rocks low ore value with lost pillars high ore value with cemented fill Advantages : high stope output and personnel productivity low dilution low costs good security conditions Disadvantages : method is not selective high losses in pillars or higher costs for backfilling method is inflexible

26. SUPPORTED METHODS

27. Continuous bench backfilling stoping

28. Cut-and-fill stoping 1 - haulage drift ; 2 - transport drift ; 3 - rise for fill and ventilation ; 4 - ore passe ; 5 - manway rise ; 6 - crosscut ; 7, 8 - pillars ; 9 - ore ; 10 - broken ore ; 11 - backfill .

29. Cut-and-fill stoping

30. Cut-and-fill stoping

31. Cut-and-fill stoping

32. drilling loading filling competent rock weak rock medium rock Cut-and-fill stoping

33. ore LHD jumbo backfill Cut-and-fill stoping

34. Cut-and-fill stoping Drilled stope face LHD in the stope

35. Cut-and-fill stoping

36. Cut-and-fill stoping

37. Dilution calculation  W deposit a a W opening a 2 cos h sin L W opening      a cos h sin L W opening      For  > 15 - 20° : For  < 15 - 20° : h L

38. Characteristics of cut-and-fill stoping Application : competent ore weak host rocks high ore value deposit can be irregular Advantages : method is selective low dilution and losses flexibility Disadvantages : low stope output and personnel productivity high costs

39. Undercut-and-fill stoping 1 - rise for fill ; 2 - orepasse ; 3 - crosscut ; 4 - ventilation opening ; 5 - limit of mining ; 6 - stop limit haulage drift ; 2 - transport drift ; 3 - rise for fill and ventilation ; 4 - ore passe ; 5 - manway rise ; 6 - crosscut ; I - blasting ; II - loading ; III - backfilling.

40. Undercut-and-fill stoping 1 - top level ; 2 - haulage level ; 3 - ramp ; 4 - stop access ; 5 - ore and fill pass ; 6 - limit of mining.

41. Undercut-and-fill stoping 1 - ore mat ; 2 - reinforcement wire mesh ; 3 - anchoring ; 4 - cable ; 5 - polystyrene sheathing ; 6 - ore ; 7 - walls ; 8 - backfill of the previous cut.

42. Undercut-and-fill stoping ramp, 20% access to the cut, 20% R - fill pass ; J - ore pass. crosscut for backfilling

43. Undercut-and-fill stoping

44. Undercut-and-fill stoping

45. Undercut-and-fill stoping

46. Undercut-and-fill stoping

47. Undercut-and-fill stoping

48. Characteristics of cut-and-fill stoping Application : weak ore and host rocks very high ore value Advantages : method is selective low dilution and losses flexibility Disadvantages : low stope output and personnel productivity very high costs

49. Shrinkage stoping 1 - haulage drift ; 2 - transport drift ; 3 - manway and ventilation rise ; 4 - doghole ; 5 - pillar ; 6 - crosscut ; 7 - ore ; 8 - drillholes ; 9 - brocken ore .

50. Shrinkage stoping

51. Shrinkage stoping 1 - haulage drift ; 2 - transport and ventilation drift ; 3 - doghole ; 4 - stop sill. broken ore A-A B-B A A B B

52. Shrinkage stoping stop in operation pillars tubing for ventilation prepared stop stop at the end of mining thin pillar cap pillar of 5 m openings fan haulage level 200 fan mined out stop level 144 Alimac rise

53. Shrinkage stoping mined out stop thin pillar level 130 prepared stop ore width haulage level 200 stop in operation pillars 2.5 x 2 m cap pillar height

54. Characteristics of shrinkage stoping Application : stable ore and host rocks steeply dipping deposit regular boundaries of ore body ore thickness up to 5 m broken ore must not re-cement with time Advantages : selective blasting low costs Disadvantages : mucking is not selective low stope output low personnel productivity loss in pillars difficulty in mechanization

55. Square-set stoping Application : deposit of 30 to 60° dip and of 1 to 3 m thickness weak ore and walls high value of ore Advantages : selectivity low loss and dilution Disadvantages : stope production and personnel productivity are low because of important wood consumption costs are high

56. Application of different mining methods in steeply dipping narrow vein deposits Walls Stability Instable Stable Ore stability Instables Stables Undercut-and-full filling Cut-and-fill Continuous bench backfilling Sublevel stoping Shrinkage Undercut-and-partiaml filling

57. Application of different mining methods in massive vein deposits Ore stability Low ore stability High ore stability Ore value Low ore value High ore value Block caving Cut-and-fill Sublevel caving Large open stoping with cemented fill Undercut-and-fill Large open stoping with lost pillars