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History of os.1
- 1. Subject : Operat ing Syst ems Subject Code: CM 402 Topic: Basics of Operat ing Syst ems Sub Topic: Hist ory of Operat ing Syst ems – Back Ground Teaching Aids: PPT slides 1
- 2. Objectives • On completionof this period, you would be able to know • Generat ions of Comput ers • Int roduct ion of an Operat ing Syst em HOME OPERATINTG SYSTEM PREVIOUS QUESTION PAPERS FOR POLYTECHNI 2
- 3. Introduction • The hist oryof operat ing syst em is linked wit h t he history and development of various generations of computer systems 3
- 4. Generations Of Computers •First Generat ion • Second Generat ion • Third Generat ion • Fourt h Generat ion HOME 4 OPERATINTG SYSTEM PREVIOUS QUESTION PAPERS FOR POLYTECHNI
- 5. First Generation (1945-1955) • Technology : Vacuum Tubes • Operat ing Syst em : Not present • Language : Machine language 5
- 6. Second Generation (1955-65) •Technology : Transist ors • Operat ing syst em : Present • Language : Assembly and High level language HOME 6 OPERATINTG SYSTEM PREVIOUS QUESTION PAPERS FOR POLYTECHNI
- 7. Third Generation(1965-80) • Technology : Integrated Circuits • Operating Systems : Present • Language : High level language 7
- 8. Fourth Generation(1980-90) • Technology : LSI • Operating systems : Present • Language : High level language HOME 8 OPERATINTG SYSTEM PREVIOUS QUESTION PAPERS FOR POLYTECHNI
- 9. Origin of Computers •The design of first Digital Computer was proposed by Charles Babbage (1732-1871) – Father of Digital Computer • Computer had a Mechanical Design • It was slow and unreliable HOME 9 OPERATINTG SYSTEM PREVIOUS QUESTION PAPERS FOR POLYTECHNI
- 10. First Generation (1945– 1955) • Mechanical Components are replaced by Electronic Components (Vacuum Tubes) • Programming was in Machine Language • Single user Machines and unfriendly Vacuum Tubes • Slow and Unreliable HOME 10 OPERATINTG SYSTEM PREVIOUS QUESTION PAPERS FOR POLYTECHNI
- 11. First Generation (1945– 1955) First Generation Computers
- 12. HOME OPERATINTG SYSTEM PREVIOUS QUESTION PAPERS FOR POLYTECHNIC DIPLOMA Second Generation (1956 – 1963) • Around 1955, Transistors were introduced • Cost and Size of a Computer is reduced • Operating systems were designed • Used assembly language • Used FORTRAN and COBOL Transistors as high level language • Programmers job was simplified HOME 12 OPERATINTG SYSTEM PREVIOUS QUESTION PAPERS FOR POLYTECHNI
- 13. Second Generation (1956– 1963) Second Generation Computers HOME OPERATINTG SYSTEM PREVIOUS QUESTION PAPERS FOR POLYTECHNI
- 14. Third Generation (1964-1971) •Large Scale Integrated Circuits (LSIC’s) were introduced • IC’s combined electronic components onto a small silicon disc, made from quartz • Higher packing density, i.e. number of components fabricated in an IC • OS/360 LSIC • Operating systems allowed the machines to run many different applications 14
- 15. Third Generation (1964-1971) Third Generation Computers HOME OPERATINTG SYSTEM PREVIOUS QUESTION PAPERS FOR POLYTECHNI
- 16. HOME OPERATINTG SYSTEM PREVIOUS QUESTION PAPERS FOR POLYTECHNIC DIPLOMA Fourth Generation (1971-Present) • Very large scale integrated circuits • Continued miniaturization • Billions of circuits for cubic foot • Packing density has drastically increased • Local Area Networks (LAN) and Wide Area Networks (WAN), were potential benefits • Internet and World Wide Web appeared on the computer scene HOME 16 OPERATINTG SYSTEM PREVIOUS QUESTION PAPERS FOR POLYTECHNI
- 17. Fourth Generation (1971-Present) VLSI LAN HOME OPERATINTG SYSTEM PREVIOUS QUESTION PAPERS FOR POLYTECHNI
- 18. HOME OPERATINTG SYSTEM PREVIOUS QUESTION PAPERS FOR POLYTECHNIC DIPLOMA Summary • Generations of Computers • 1st Generation – Vacuum Tubes, M/C language • 2nd Generation – Transistors, Assembly Language • 3rd Generation – IC’s, High Level Languages • 4th Generation – LSI, LAN, WAN, Internet and WWW • Operating System was introduced in 2nd Generation HOME 18 OPERATINTG SYSTEM PREVIOUS QUESTION PAPERS FOR POLYTECHNI
- 19. Frequently Asked Questions 1.Write about generations of Computers 2. What are the major changes in the technology? 19
- 20. QUIZ 1. What isthe electronic component used in First generation? a) Vacuum Tubes b) Transistors c) IC d) LSI 20
- 21. QUIZ 2. What isthe technology used in 2nd Generation? a. Vacuum tubes b. Transistors c. IC d. LSI 21
- 22. QUIZ 3. What isthe technology used in 4th Generation? a. Vacuum tubes b. IC c. Transistors d. LSI 22
- 23. QUIZ 4. In whichgeneration, Operating System was introduced? a. First b. Second c. Third d. Fourth HOME 23
- 24. • Home Next(Oct/Nov-2012(c-05) • OCTOBER/NOVEMBER-2011 (C-05) • OCT/NOV-2011 • OCTOER/NOVEMBER 2011 (C-09) • OCT/NOV-2011 (C-00) • Oct/Nov-2012 (C-09 • C LANGUAGE HOME 24