At the end of the 1200s, Europe faced challenges of famine from depleted soil nutrients and colder weather due to a mini ice age. The Black Death plague began in China in 1331 and reached Europe in 1347, carried by rats and transmitted by fleas. The plague caused high fever, large purple skin blotches, and black spots around flea bites. If survived, one became immune. The plague devastated Europe, killing 1/3 of the population between 1347-1351. There was also the Hundred Years War between England and France from 1337-1453 over the English claim to the French throne, though the English were eventually driven out of France. Additionally, the French kings controlled the papacy

1. Famine, Plague, War & Popes

2. What challenges did Europe face at the end of the 1200’s? Famine Depletion in soil nutrients Mini Ice-age brought colder and wetter weather The “Black Death”

3. How did the “Black Death” get started? Bubonic Plague Began in China 1331 Hit Europe 1347 Carried by rats but transmitted by fleas

4. What were the symptoms of Bubonic Plague? High Fever Large purple blotches on skin Black spots around flea bite If you survived the first few days you become immune

5. What effect did the plague have on Europe? Population decline 1/3 of population died between 1347 & 1351 The worst was over by the mid-1400’s

6. What was the Hundred Years War? Series of Wars between England & France 1337 to 1453 English King, Edward III was a vassal of the French king Edward claimed the French throne when the last Capetian King died

7. Can you do a hundred year war in one question? Yes, Early on it looked like England would win By 1455 the English were driven out of all French territory

8. What is the Babylonian Captivity? French Kings selected and controlled the papacy for 70 years The papacy was moved from Rome to France

9. The Great Schism, what was it? Italian Cardinals selected an Italian Pope French Cardinals selected a French Pope The church stayed split from 1378 to 1417