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The document summarizes major events in Europe from the 14th-15th centuries, including the Great Western Schism which divided the Catholic Church, the Black Death plague pandemic that killed 30-60% of Europe's population, the Hundred Years' War between England and France, and the role of Joan of Arc in helping France defeat the English. Key reformers like John Wycliff and Jan Huss challenged the authority of the Catholic Church. The pandemic and war weakened the Church and feudal systems, while increasing nationalism and paving the way for the Renaissance and Reformation.
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14.4 a century of turmoil
The document summarizes the Great Western Schism, early reformers like John Wycliffe and Jan Huss, the Black Death plague pandemic of 1347-1350, and the resulting social turmoil in Europe. The plague is believed to have killed between 1/3 to 2/3 of Europe's population and led to widespread fear, religious fanaticism, and breakdown of social order as people struggled to understand and respond to the catastrophe.
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The Black Death was a bubonic plague pandemic that struck Europe between 1347 and 1351. It is estimated to have killed around 25 million people in Europe, reducing the population by around one third. The plague originated in Asia and was brought to Europe via trade routes. It had devastating effects on population levels and society, and contributed to increased wages for laborers as well as religious and social unrest across the continent.
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The document discusses the Black Death plague that devastated Europe from 1347 to 1351. It describes the three forms of the disease: bubonic plague, which caused swollen lymph nodes; septicemic plague, which infected the blood; and pneumonic plague, which attacked the lungs. The plague spread through flea bites from infected rats. It made its way from Central Asia to Europe along trade routes, killing an estimated 25-50% of the population. The pandemic had massive economic, social, and religious impacts on medieval society.
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BLACK DEATH FINAL--- version-4
The document summarizes the impact of the Black Death plague on Europe between 1347-1350. It devastated the population, with mortality rates ranging from 30-60% in different areas. This caused widespread social and economic changes. The plague was likely caused by the Yersinia pestis bacterium spread by fleas on rats. It led to antisemitic accusations that Jews had poisoned wells. Many Jewish communities were attacked, with some massacred or burned alive. The plague underscored existing religious tensions and scapegoating of marginalized groups. Overall it marked a period of immense hardship and loss of life that transformed medieval European society.
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The Black Death was a devastating pandemic that spread throughout Europe between 1347-1351, killing an estimated 40-60% of the European population. It originated in China in 1333 and spread along trade routes, arriving in Europe through infected merchant ships landing in Italy in 1347. The disease was caused by the Yersinia pestis bacterium, which was carried by fleas on rats. It caused severe symptoms and death often occurred within a week of infection. The pandemic had profound social and economic impacts on medieval Europe, increasing social mobility as labor shortages empowered peasants.
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The Black Death was a bubonic plague pandemic that struck Europe between 1347 and 1351. It is estimated to have killed around 25 million people in Europe, reducing the population by around one third. The plague originated in Asia and was brought to Europe via trade routes. It had devastating effects on population levels and society, and contributed to increased wages for laborers as well as religious and social unrest across the continent.
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The Black Death plague arrived in Europe from Central Asia in 1347 and killed almost half of Europe's population over the next three years. It likely arrived via infected rat fleas on merchant ships sailing from the Black Sea to Italy. The plague spread quickly through England between 1348-1350, infecting nearly all of Britain and killing around 2.5 million people. Medieval towns lacked sanitation, providing ideal conditions for rats carrying fleas infected with the plague bacteria to thrive.
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The document provides details about the Black Plague (Black Death) that devastated Europe in the 14th century:
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- The plague arrived in Europe in 1348 and is estimated to have killed 25-50% of the population over the next three years. It had devastating social and economic impacts.
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The Black Death plague originated in Asia and spread along trade routes to Europe in the 14th century. Carried by rat fleas, it devastated the European population, killing an estimated 25 million people, or 1/4 of the total population. The plague had widespread economic, social, and religious impacts including labor shortages, anti-semitism, a decline in the power of the church, and increased realism in the arts depicting death.
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The Black Death was a devastating pandemic that hit Europe between 1347 and 1351. It is believed to have been caused by the Yersinia pestis bacterium, which was passed from infected rodents to humans through flea bites. It spread rapidly through Europe due to poor sanitation and overcrowded living conditions in cities. The plague arrived in Europe from Central Asia, carried along trade routes. It is estimated that 25 million people in Europe died during this outbreak, approximately one-third of the total population. The pandemic had profound and long-lasting social and economic impacts on medieval Europe.
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7.10 the black plague
The Black Plague originated in Asia in the 1330s and killed between 40 to 60 million people in China. It spread to Europe in the late 1340s via fleas living on rats that were carried on trade routes. Between 1347 and 1351, the plague killed an estimated 19 to 38 million people in Europe, nearly half the total population. The plague had widespread effects, including people blaming others like Jews for causing it, a rise in workers' rights due to high demand after so much death, and the weakening of the feudal system.
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לא מעט חברות מבססות את פעילות השיווק שלהן על תיאור מפורט של תכונות המוצר או הפתרון שלהן.
ניתן לזהות חברות כאלו מידית בדף הבית של אתר החברה.
זו טעות שיווקית קרדינלית !
חברות חייבות לבסס את פעילותן השיווקית על הצגת תועלות והתוצאות של התועלות עבור הלקוח.
כדי לעשות זאת נדרשת היכרות מעמיקה עם צרכי הלקוחות ועם הבעיות הספציפיות שמעסיקות אותו.
מצגת זו מבוססת, בין השאר, על פוסט שפורסם ב -
www.helpscout.net/blog/
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The Black Death
The Black Death was a devastating pandemic that originated in Asia and spread to Europe in the 14th century. It was caused by the bacterium Yersinia pestis and spread via flea bites from infected rats. The plague arrived in Europe in 1347 and killed an estimated 25 million Europeans in just five years. It arrived via ships carrying infected rats and was transmitted between humans through the air. The pandemic had a major social and economic impact on Europe, destroying entire villages and leaving many areas depopulated due to the high death toll.
The Black Death
The Black Death was caused by strains of the bubonic plague spread by fleas living on black rats. Fleas would leave dying rats and infect humans, spreading the plague. It spread across Europe through trade routes as infected rats were carried on journeys, and through towns where poor sanitation allowed rats and disease to thrive. The impacts included widespread death and despair, loss of faith in the church, inheritance making some poor people richer, and labor shortages.
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The Black Death arrived in Europe in 1347 through Sicily, spread rapidly through sea ports and overland routes, and drastically reduced the European population by 30-40% over several years. The decline in population led to changes such as higher wages for laborers, more available food, and a questioning of religious authorities. It is believed the plague originated in Central Asia and was transmitted to Europeans during the siege of a trading post, spreading through fleas that lived on rats.
PowerPoint: Medieval Life: The Black Death - Bubonic Plague - Black Plague
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The Black Death plague arrived in Europe from Central Asia in 1347 and killed almost half of Europe's population over the next three years. It likely arrived via infected rat fleas on merchant ships sailing from the Black Sea to Italy. The plague spread quickly through England between 1348-1350, infecting nearly all of Britain and killing around 2.5 million people. Medieval towns lacked sanitation, providing ideal conditions for rats carrying fleas infected with the plague bacteria to thrive.
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The document provides details about the Black Plague (Black Death) that devastated Europe in the 14th century:
- It was a bacterial disease spread by fleas on rodents that transmitted the plague to humans.
- Symptoms included swollen and painful lymph nodes, as well as fever and chills. Victims usually died within a week.
- The plague arrived in Europe in 1348 and is estimated to have killed 25-50% of the population over the next three years. It had devastating social and economic impacts.
Black death
The Black Death was a devastating pandemic that struck Europe between 1347-1351, killing around 30-50% of Europe's population. It was likely caused by the Yersinia pestis bacterium carried by fleas on rodents. The disease spread from Central Asia along trade routes to Europe, arriving first in Sicily in 1347 and spreading across the continent in the following years. Symptoms included fever and formation of buboes or tumors. The massive death toll had profound social and economic impacts, including a breakdown of the feudal system and peasants gaining more freedom and bargaining power.
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The bubonic plague originated in the Gobi Desert and spread along trade routes from Asia to Europe and Africa between the 6th-17th centuries. It was carried by fleas on rats and was easily transmitted between humans. Symptoms included swollen lymph nodes, fever, vomiting and bleeding from the lungs. The plague resulted in widespread death tolls estimated at over 200 million people and significantly impacted societies and populations during the pandemic periods in the 6th century and the Black Death of 1347-1352.
The Black Death
The Black Death arrived in Europe in 1347 from Central Asia, carried by fleas on black rats. Over the next three years, it killed an estimated 25-50 million people across Europe, anywhere from one-third to one-half of the total population. Transmitted through flea bites and respiratory droplets, the plague's symptoms included fever, chills, vomiting and the appearance of swollen and infected lymph nodes. While it left devastating social, economic and political impacts, some areas fared better through early quarantines and isolation practices. The Black Death remained a threat in Europe for centuries and still occurs sporadically today.
Black Death Pp
The Black Death plague originated in Asia and spread along trade routes to Europe in the 14th century. Carried by rat fleas, it devastated the European population, killing an estimated 25 million people, or 1/4 of the total population. The plague had widespread economic, social, and religious impacts including labor shortages, anti-semitism, a decline in the power of the church, and increased realism in the arts depicting death.
7.1.5 black death (plea)
The Black Death was a devastating pandemic that hit Europe between 1347 and 1351. It is believed to have been caused by the Yersinia pestis bacterium, which was passed from infected rodents to humans through flea bites. It spread rapidly through Europe due to poor sanitation and overcrowded living conditions in cities. The plague arrived in Europe from Central Asia, carried along trade routes. It is estimated that 25 million people in Europe died during this outbreak, approximately one-third of the total population. The pandemic had profound and long-lasting social and economic impacts on medieval Europe.
The Black Plague
The Black Death pandemic in the 14th century killed an estimated 30-60% of Europe's population. It originated in China and spread along trade routes, first reaching Europe in Sicily in 1347 through infected ships from Genoa. Symptoms varied but included respiratory issues, swollen lymph nodes, vomiting blood, and dark spots caused by bleeding under the skin. Around 170 million people in Europe and Asia ultimately died from the disease, with major social, economic, and religious impacts.
The Black Death
The Black Death was a devastating pandemic that originated in China in the 1330s and killed an estimated 30-60% of Europe's population by the late 1340s. Caused by the bacterium Yersinia pestis, it spread rapidly through trade routes and infected populations with little immunity. There were three main forms: bubonic, pneumonic, and septicemic plague. Factors like poor sanitation, war, and famine exacerbated its spread. It disappeared in the late 19th century due to improved hygiene, the spread of the more resistant brown rat replacing the black rat, and the bacterium slowly dying out in human hosts.
7.10 the black plague
The Black Plague originated in Asia in the 1330s and killed between 40 to 60 million people in China. It spread to Europe in the late 1340s via fleas living on rats that were carried on trade routes. Between 1347 and 1351, the plague killed an estimated 19 to 38 million people in Europe, nearly half the total population. The plague had widespread effects, including people blaming others like Jews for causing it, a rise in workers' rights due to high demand after so much death, and the weakening of the feudal system.
The bubonic plague
This presentation summarizes information about bubonic plague. It describes the signs and symptoms of bubonic plague such as fever, swollen lymph nodes, and vomiting. Bubonic plague is caused by the Yersinia pestis bacteria, which is usually transmitted via the bite of an infected flea. While it killed millions in past pandemics like the Black Death, bubonic plague can now be treated effectively with antibiotics. However, there is still risk of outbreaks in places like Madagascar, and some concerns about its potential weaponization by terrorist groups.
The Black Death in the 14th Century
The document discusses the Black Death pandemic that occurred in Europe between 1348-1350. It began in Central Asia and was carried along trade routes, spreading from Italian port cities across Europe. The Black Death was likely caused by the bacterium Yersinia pestis carried by fleas on rodents. It resulted in approximately 30 million deaths across Europe and depopulated some villages entirely. The pandemic had major economic and social impacts and was reflected in art and literature of the time.
The black death powerpoint
The document describes the Black Death pandemic that ravaged Europe from 1347 to 1352. It originated in China and Central Asia before spreading to Europe via the trade city of Caffa in 1346 on merchant ships carrying black rats infected with the bacteria. By the time it ended three years later, it had killed an estimated one-third to two-thirds of Europe's population, representing an unprecedented mortality rate in recorded history. The pandemic demonstrated the devastating impact that diseases could have when spread rapidly by trade and travel networks.
The Black Death 1348
The Black Death arrived in 1348 from Eastern Europe/Asia via fleas on trading ships. People rapidly became ill with symptoms like fever, headaches, vomiting, and swollen lymph nodes. Approximately 70% of people died from either the bubonic or pneumonic forms of plague. While the exact cause was unknown, people believed it was caused by things like God's punishment, foul air, or imbalanced bodily humors. Treatments included bleeding, purging, avoiding bad smells, cleaning towns, and acts of penance like self-flagellation. The plague demonstrated that both natural and supernatural ideas about medicine and disease remained influential.
The black death
The Black Death arrived in England in 1348 through a ship from France carrying an infected sailor. The plague, caused by the bacterium Yersinia pestis, spread rapidly through England between 1347-1351, carried by fleas that lived on black rats. Symptoms included swollen lymph nodes and dark blotchy skin that led to its name. It was a highly lethal disease, killing around one-third of England's population and devastating many villages and religious houses.
Black Death
The Black Death was caused by the bacterium Yersinia pestis and manifested in three forms: bubonic, pneumonic, and septicemic. It spread from infected fleas and animals to humans, and between humans through coughing or sneezing. Treatments during the Middle Ages focused on relieving symptoms, while prevention was not possible without understanding its cause. The plague killed an estimated 25 million Europeans between 1347-1351, devastating populations, social structures, and economies across Italy, France, and Spain.
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PowerPoint: Medieval Life: The Black Death - Bubonic Plague - Black Plague
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The northern renaissance and luther’s reformation
Northern Europe was experiencing the plague and the Hundred Years War, while Italy had established city-states. Gutenberg's printing press made books cheaper and more widely available, allowing common people to read. This led people to start questioning the Catholic Church. Martin Luther posted his 95 Theses challenging Catholic indulgences and beliefs. He believed salvation came from God alone through faith, not from the Church. Henry VIII established the Church of England when the Catholic Church refused to annul his marriage. The Reformation reduced the power of the Catholic Church and increased the power of monarchs and individuals, setting the stage for democracy and modern Europe.
Features or benefits 2
לא מעט חברות מבססות את פעילות השיווק שלהן על תיאור מפורט של תכונות המוצר או הפתרון שלהן.
ניתן לזהות חברות כאלו מידית בדף הבית של אתר החברה.
זו טעות שיווקית קרדינלית !
חברות חייבות לבסס את פעילותן השיווקית על הצגת תועלות והתוצאות של התועלות עבור הלקוח.
כדי לעשות זאת נדרשת היכרות מעמיקה עם צרכי הלקוחות ועם הבעיות הספציפיות שמעסיקות אותו.
מצגת זו מבוססת, בין השאר, על פוסט שפורסם ב -
www.helpscout.net/blog/
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This document provides an overview and analysis of alternative alignments for connecting the Sheppard East LRT to the existing Sheppard subway station at Don Mills. It examines options for at-grade and elevated alignments from Don Mills to Consumers Road, including impacts to traffic, utilities, costs and schedules. Three options are described in detail, varying in their approach to the Don Mills station location and design of elevated structures over Highway 404. Analysis found technical challenges with the first option and greater potential impacts and costs with the second option compared to the third option of an elevated Don Mills station.
Happy, joyful drawing day
The document provides instructions for creating a newspaper front page about one of several historical events, including the opening of Versailles, monarch clashes with Parliament, the English Civil War, the Restoration, and political changes including the English Bill of Rights. It lists the event name, page number reference, and a suggested headline for the main story, and notes other elements that should be included such as additional article headlines, a date, picture, and graphics.
Disrupted Innovation
This presentation illustrates the research I conducted to explore the racial and ethnic disparity that exists in the technology industry. I found that without these diverse perspectives, innovation would be threatened.
Graduate induction 2011
This document discusses tools for developing a professional learning network (PLN) using online platforms. It describes several Google tools that can be used for collaboration including Docs, Maps, Calendar, and Sites. It also discusses using social networking/bookmarking sites like Nings, Diigo, Facebook, and Twitter to connect with colleagues, find resources, and share content. Developing a PLN is presented as a way to inform practice, develop skills, and gain professional understanding by engaging with other educators.
So who shold be doing the learning?
The document discusses the use of technology in education from the perspective of both teachers and students. It presents statistics showing high levels of technology use by students outside of school, but lower levels of use within the classroom. It also notes that many students report learning technology skills on their own rather than being taught in school. The document advocates for increased technology integration in the classroom in order to make learning more relevant to students' lives and to address the gap between how students live and learn. It argues that both teachers and school leaders need to make technology a priority and examine how it can be used to transform teaching and learning.
How social is your school?
The document discusses the importance of social media for schools. It notes that social media platforms like Facebook and Twitter now have hundreds of millions of active users. It suggests schools create official social media pages and accounts to promote events, share news, send reminders and live tweet from school events. It also emphasizes the importance of teachers properly modeling appropriate social media use for students.
Alimentación complementaria docente
La alimentación complementaria se refiere a la introducción de alimentos diferentes a la leche materna entre los 6 y 24 meses. Es importante introducirlos de forma gradual entre los 6 y 8 meses y aumentar la cantidad y variedad con el tiempo, mientras se mantiene la lactancia materna. La OMS recomienda introducirlos a los 6 meses y ofrecer 3-4 comidas complementarias al día a partir de los 9 meses, con alimentos según una guía de introducción escalonada.
Dibujos infantiles
Haiku Deck is a presentation platform that allows users to create Haiku-style slideshows. The document encourages the reader to get started creating their own Haiku Deck presentation on SlideShare by providing a link to do so. It pitches the idea of making Haiku Deck presentations in a concise yet inspiring way.
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Plague dbq
The documents discuss the devastating effects of the Black Death plague that swept through Europe from 1348 to 1351. It killed an estimated 25-50% of Europe's population. Descriptions from Boccaccio and others detail the gruesome symptoms of the disease and the panic, social disruption, and scapegoating of Jews that resulted. Priests had high mortality rates from caring for the sick. Centuries later, it is now understood that the plague was caused by fleas on rats spreading to humans, though at the time its origins and causes were unknown.
Plague1
The document describes the Black Death plague that devastated Europe in the 14th century, killing over 25 million people. It discusses how the plague originated in Asia and spread along trade routes to Europe. People incorrectly believed the plague was spread through bad air or God's anger. Descriptions note the horrific scenes of mass death and abandoned bodies. The plague had profound social and economic impacts, weakening feudal systems and allowing more freedom for peasants.
The plague worksheet
The Black Death plague originated in Asia and was brought to Europe by Italian merchants in the 14th century. It spread rapidly across Europe within years, helped by infected fleas carried by black rats. The disease caused widespread death, social disruption, and an eventual decline in the population of around one-third of Europe. Traditional medical treatments were ineffective against the plague.
16i Pt2 The Black Death
The Black Death was a devastating pandemic that originated in China in the 1330s and spread to Europe. It was caused by the bacterium Yersinia pestis, which was carried and transmitted to humans by fleas on infected rats. There were three main forms: bubonic plague which caused swollen lymph nodes, pneumonic plague which infected the lungs, and septicemic plague which caused high fevers and purple skin discoloration. All forms had high mortality rates. The plague arrived in Europe in 1347 via infected merchant ships from the Black Sea docking in Sicily, and then spread rapidly across the continent killing around 25 million people, one third of Europe's population.
1 EYEWITNESS ACCOUNTS OF THE PLAGUE 1. Gabriele d.docx
1
EYEWITNESS ACCOUNTS OF THE PLAGUE
1. Gabriele de Mussi: Istoria de Morbo or History of the Pestilence (1348)
Gabriele de Mussi (1280-1356) was an Italian notary from Piacenza, who either travelled himself to
Caffa (a Genoese trading post in the Crimea), or, more plausibly, acquired his detailed information
on the spread of the Black Death from eye witnesses of the Mongols’ siege against Caffa. According
to de Mussi, the plague was transmitted intentionally by the Mongols, who hurled cadavers of
people infected with the disease into the besieged city-port. The Genoese fleeing from Caffa brought
the disease to Italy. If accurate, this is one of the earliest recorded instances of biological warfare.
In 1346, in the countries of the East, countless numbers of Tartars [Mongols] and Saracens
[Muslim Turks] were struck down by a mysterious illness which brought sudden death. Within
these countries broad regions, far-spreading provinces, magnificent kingdoms, cities, towns and
settlements, ground down by illness and devoured by dreadful death, were soon stripped of their
inhabitants. An eastern settlement under the rule of the Tartars called Tana, which lay to the
north of Constantinople and was much frequented by Italian merchants, was totally abandoned
after an incident there which led to its being besieged and attacked by hordes of Tartars who
gathered in a short space of time. The Christian merchants, who had been driven out by force,
were so terrified of the power of the Tartars that, to save themselves and their belongings, they
fled in an armed ship to Caffa, a settlement in the same part of the world which had been
founded long ago by the Genoese.
Oh God! See how the heathen Tartar races, pouring together from all sides, suddenly advanced
upon the city of Caffa and besieged the trapped Christians there for almost three years. There,
hemmed in by an immense army, they [the Christians] could hardly draw breath, although food
could be shipped in, which offered them some hope. But behold, the whole army was affected by
a disease which overran the Tartars and killed thousands upon thousands every day. It was as
though arrows were raining down from heaven to strike and crush the Tartars’ arrogance. All
medical advice and attention was useless; the Tartars died as soon as the signs of disease
appeared on their bodies: swellings in the armpit or groin caused by coagulating humors,
followed by a putrid fever.
The dying Tartars, stunned and stupefied by the immensity of the disaster brought about by the
disease, and realizing that they had no hope of escape, lost interest in the siege. But they ordered
corpses to be placed in catapults and lobbed into the city in the hope that the intolerable stench
would kill everyone inside. What seemed like mountains of dead were thrown into the city, and
the Christians could not hide or flee or escape from them, although they dumped as many of th ...
The Black Death
The plague arrived in Europe in 1347, first reaching Cyprus in the summer and then Sicily in October through a Genoese fleet. By winter it had spread to Italy, and by 1348 it had reached major cities like Marseilles, Paris, and England. It followed trade routes along rivers like the Rhine into Germany and the Low Countries the same year. The worst year was 1348, and it took longer to reach more peripheral areas like Norway in 1349 and parts of Eastern Europe and Russia by 1350-1351. The disease tended to follow trade routes and concentrate in cities, traveling from the Near East to Western Mediterranean and then Northern Europe before returning East.
The Black Death
The Black Death was a devastating pandemic that originated in Asia and spread to Europe in the 14th century. It was caused by the bacterium Yersinia pestis and spread via flea bites from infected rats. The plague arrived in Europe via trade routes, spreading rapidly to kill an estimated one-third to one-half of Europe's population. It had immense social and economic impacts, causing labor shortages and disrupting trade. The pandemic lasted until the late 17th century and significantly impacted population levels and societies.
7.1.5 Black death (PLEA).docx
The document provides information about the Black Death pandemic that ravaged Europe between 1347 and 1351. It began in China and spread to Europe through trade routes. The disease was caused by the Yersinia pestis bacterium, which was often transmitted via fleabites from infected rodents. It took various forms including bubonic plague, which caused swollen lymph nodes, and pneumonic plague, which infected the lungs. Crowded cities with poor sanitation helped the disease spread rapidly, killing an estimated 25 million people in Europe - almost one-third of the population. The pandemic had long-lasting social and economic impacts, such as a shortage of labor that improved conditions for peasants and workers.
The middle ages #2
The document summarizes key events and developments during the Late Middle Ages in Europe, including the Black Death plague pandemic from 1347-1350 that killed around half of Europe's population, weakening the feudal system. It also discusses the Avignon Papacy from 1309-1378 when the seat of the Catholic Church was moved to Avignon, France, leading to the Great Schism and calls for church reform through the Conciliar movement. Peasant revolts erupted across Europe in response to worsening economic conditions and taxation.
The middle ages #2
The document summarizes key events and developments during the Late Middle Ages in Europe, including the Black Death plague pandemic from 1347-1350 that killed around half of Europe's population, weakening the feudal system. It also discusses the Avignon Papacy from 1309-1378 when the seat of the Catholic Church was moved to Avignon, France, leading to the Great Schism and calls for church reform through the Conciliar movement. Peasant revolts erupted across Europe in response to worsening economic conditions and taxation.
The middle ages #2
The document summarizes key events and developments during the Late Middle Ages in Europe, including the Black Death plague pandemic from 1347-1350 that killed around half of Europe's population, weakening the feudal system. It also discusses the Avignon Papacy from 1309-1378 when the seat of the Catholic Church was moved to Avignon, France, leading to the Great Schism and calls for church reform through the Conciliar movement. Peasant revolts erupted across Europe in response to worsening economic and social conditions exacerbated by the plague and ongoing wars.
history of pandemics
The document discusses several deadly pandemics throughout history. It begins by defining a pandemic as an epidemic that spreads worldwide. It then lists the 5 most dangerous pandemics: 1) Plague of Justinian from 541-542 CE that killed an estimated 25-100 million people; 2) Black Death from 1347-1351 CE that killed up to half of Europeans; 3) Great Plague of London from 1665-1666 CE that killed over 100,000 Londoners; 4) Smallpox devastating indigenous populations in the Americas in the 15th century; and 5) Cholera in the 19th century. John Snow's epidemiological investigation in London linked cholera to contaminated water. The document provides
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1 EYEWITNESS ACCOUNTS OF THE PLAGUE 1. Gabriele d.docx
1 EYEWITNESS ACCOUNTS OF THE PLAGUE 1. Gabriele d.docx
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The document provides instructions for creating a newspaper front page about events during the French Revolution. It lists several topics that could be covered, including difficulties faced by the Third Estate, the meeting of the Estates General, the storming of the Bastille, the Great Fear period, the invention of the guillotine, and Napoleon's invasion of Russia. For each topic, it specifies the relevant page numbers in the textbook to find details about the events.
Roots of french revolution
There were long-term and short-term reasons for the French Revolution. Financially, France was struggling due to the king's lavish spending, high costs of food and wages, and the nobility's tax exemptions. Socially, the system of estates left the commoners with no political power despite making up 97% of the population. The revolution began with the commoners forming the National Assembly and storming the Bastille prison, leading to the abolition of feudalism and the establishment of a republic with the execution of King Louis XVI and Queen Marie Antoinette. The revolution then descended into the Reign of Terror led by Robespierre, during which tens of thousands were executed before he too was over
Roots of french revolution
1) The French Revolution was caused by both long-term and short-term factors. Long-term factors included France still having a feudal society, the ideas of the Enlightenment spreading, and the costs of food and war increasing. Short-term factors included King Louis XVI's excessive spending, the royal families' gambling debts, and the collapse of all government finances.
2) Society in France was divided into three estates, with the clergy and nobility in the first two estates exempted from most taxes while the third estate of commoners paid almost all taxes but had no political power. Tensions rose between the estates, leading up to the revolution.
3) In 1789, King Louis called the
Causes am rev fr rev
The document compares and contrasts the key causes and impacts of the French and American revolutions. Both revolutions sought political change and equality. The French Revolution was influenced by Enlightenment ideas and overthrew the monarchy, establishing new political and economic systems that benefited the middle class. It inspired other revolutions in Latin America. The American Revolution ended colonial rule by Britain and influenced the French Revolution.
Sci rev and enlightenment review
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive function. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms.
Revolutions
The Scientific Revolution challenged old Greek and Roman teachings and the geocentric theory that the Earth was the center of the universe. Copernicus discovered the heliocentric theory that the sun was at the center. Galileo challenged Aristotle and proved Copernicus right through experiments. However, Galileo was sentenced to house arrest by the Church for his findings. Later scientists like Newton formulated laws of motion and Boyle discovered gas laws, improving the scientific method. The Enlightenment started with philosophers like Hobbes and Locke who advocated for natural rights and social contracts. Thinkers like Voltaire and Montesquieu influenced ideas around separation of powers and democracy.
The english monarchy
King Charles I inherited debt from his father and fought with Parliament over funding, leading Parliament to limit the king's power. Charles dissolved Parliament when they refused to grant new taxes, leading to the English Civil War between royalists and Puritans loyal to Parliament. Charles was defeated, arrested, tried, and executed, the first king to be put to death. His son James II flaunted his Catholicism, leading Parliament to invite his daughter Mary to overthrow James and establish a constitutional monarchy with the monarch's power limited by laws like the English Bill of Rights.
Absolutism2
1) Absolute monarchs believed all power came from God and they were God's representatives on Earth, answering to no one but God.
2) Louis XIV centralized power in France and lived an extravagant lifestyle at the Palace of Versailles to demonstrate his wealth, power, and status as an absolute ruler.
3) Louis XIV's daily schedule and activities at Versailles were strictly regulated and followed an exact routine to reinforce his divine authority and role as absolute monarch.
Chapter 20 review
This document contains a list of questions about various topics related to European colonization of the Americas, including reasons for using African slaves over Native Americans, the impact of the Atlantic slave trade on Africa, the purpose of joint-stock companies, Spain's conquest of the Aztec Empire, differences between slavery in Africa/Muslim societies and the Americas, Columbus' initial landing site, the basis and role of the encomienda system in New Spain, items exchanged as part of the Columbian Exchange, characteristics of capitalism, the first English settlement in America, details of the Middle Passage, long-term effects of the African slave trade, and the definition of Mestizos.
Chapter 17 review
The document provides information on several important figures and developments during the Renaissance period in Europe from 1300-1600. It discusses monarchs like Elizabeth I and Henry VIII, religious reformers such as Martin Luther and John Calvin, artists like Michelangelo, Shakespeare, and Artemisia Gentileschi, and influential families like the Medicis. Key inventions like the printing press and developments like Humanism and Perspective in art are also summarized.
171
At the end of the Middle Ages, Europe suffered from war and plague, but survivors in Italy wanted to enjoy life and advance knowledge by looking to ancient Greece and Rome. Italy succeeded in spearheading the Renaissance for three main reasons: 1) its urban centers grew as a result of increased trade after the Crusades; 2) wealthy merchant families like the Medicis dominated politics; and 3) Italy had close ties to the classical heritage of Rome and Greece. The Renaissance was characterized by new ideals like humanism and secularism, and patrons like popes and merchants financially supported revolutionary new art incorporating techniques like perspective, chiaroscuro, and sfumato.
Church Reform1
The document discusses the history of Christianity and the Catholic Church in Europe following the fall of the Roman Empire. It describes how the Church faced issues like priestly marriage and lay investiture, and how the Abbey of Cluny sparked reforms in the 11th century to address these problems. It also summarizes the Crusades that were launched between the 11th and 13th centuries to retake the Holy Land from Muslim rule.
14.2 Three Fields
The document describes three causes for increased food production in medieval Europe: 1) warmer climate allowed for longer growing seasons and new crops in northern Europe, 2) the horse collar improved horses' usefulness for plowing, and 3) the three-field system rotated crops across three fields each year, increasing output. It also discusses guilds, medieval finances, and the growth of towns.
Early Rome
Over several centuries, Rome built a massive empire that controlled parts of three continents. The Roman Empire began as a small city-state founded by Romulus and Remus along the Tiber River in Italy. Rome grew powerful through a series of territorial expansions, eventually defeating Carthage in the Punic Wars to become the dominant force in the Mediterranean. At its height, the Roman Empire stretched from Britain to North Africa and the Middle East.
Chapter 5 Review
The document provides an overview of key events and aspects of ancient Greek history and culture. It discusses the geography of Greece and how it influenced the rise of city-states like Athens and Sparta. It then focuses on the Persian Wars, including important battles like Marathon, Thermopylae, and Salamis that led to the defeat of the Persian invasion. It also describes the Delian League formed after this and Athens' growth into an empire under Pericles' rule.
Persian Wars2
The document summarizes the history between the Persian Empire and ancient Greece from the 5th century BC. It describes how the Persian Empire conquered Greek city-states along the Ionian coast and their motivations for invading mainland Greece. It then discusses key battles including Marathon, Thermopylae, Salamis, and Plataea, where although outnumbered, the Greeks were able to defeat the Persian forces through strategic naval and land tactics. The victories over Persia allowed the Greek city-states to maintain their independence and significantly boosted Athens' prominence, leading to the Golden Age of Athens.
The Golden Age Of Athens (Uh I
The document discusses the Golden Age of Greece following the Persian Wars. It focuses on Athens forming the Delian League ostensibly for defense but eventually using it to build an Athenian empire and force other city-states to pay tribute. Key figures like Pericles used the funds to beautify Athens and build structures like the Parthenon on the Acropolis, though the Parthenon was later damaged by explosions during warfare.
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Unleash your spiritual growth journey as a truth-seeker!
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Tracking "The Blessing" - Christianity · Spiritual Growth · Success
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PHASE-IV
The very deep experience of silence helps to expand from the 3 - dimensional awareness of the body to all pervasive awareness. The bed of silence becomes deeper and more expansive - an ocean of silence with waves on it merge into complete silence called Ajapa state of the mind. This silence is the source of Creativity, Power, Knowledge and Bliss.
PHASE V
From this deep ocean of silence in the heart region, let one OM emerge as an audible sound which diffuses into the entire body and the space all around. Enjoy the beautiful vibrations.
Blink the eyes slowly, gently open the eyes and come out of meditation.
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The ability to control one's dreams or for the dreamer to be aware that he or she is dreaming. This process, called lucid dreaming, has some potential risks as well as many fascinating benefits. However, many people are hesitant to try it initially for fear of the potential dangers. This article aims to clarify these concerns by exploring both the risks and benefits of lucid dreaming.
The Benefits of Lucid Dreaming
Lucid dreaming allows a person to take control of their dream world, helping them overcome their fears and eliminate nightmares. This technique is particularly useful for mental health. By taking control of their dreams, individuals can face challenging scenarios in a controlled environment, which can help reduce anxiety and increase self-confidence.
Addressing Common Concerns
Physical Harm in Dreams Lucid dreaming is fundamentally safe. In a lucid dream, everything is a creation of your mind. Therefore, nothing in the dream can physically harm you. Despite the vividness and realness of the dream experience, it remains entirely within your mental landscape, posing no physical danger.
Mental Health Risks Concerns about developing PTSD or other mental illnesses from lucid dreaming are unfounded. As soon as you wake up, it's clear that the events experienced in the dream were not real. On the contrary, lucid dreaming is often seen as a therapeutic tool for conditions like PTSD, as it allows individuals to reframe and manage their thoughts.
Potential Risks of Lucid Dreaming
While generally safe, lucid dreaming does come with a few risks as well:
Mixing Dream Memories with Reality Long-term lucid dreamers might occasionally confuse dream memories with real ones, creating false memories. This issue is rare and preventable by maintaining a dream journal and avoiding lucid dreaming about real-life people or places too frequently.
Escapism Using lucid dreaming to escape reality can be problematic if it interferes with your daily life. While it is sometimes beneficial to escape and relieve the stress of reality, relying on lucid dreaming for happiness can hinder personal growth and productivity.
Feeling Tired After Lucid Dreaming Some people report feeling tired after lucid dreaming. This tiredness is not due to the dreams themselves but often results from not getting enough sleep or using techniques that disrupt sleep patterns. Taking breaks and ensuring adequate sleep can prevent this.
Mental Exhaustion Lucid dreaming can be mentally taxing if practiced excessively without breaks. It’s important to balance lucid dreaming with regular sleep to avoid mental fatigue.
Lucid dreaming is safe and beneficial if done with caution. It has many benefits, such as overcoming fear and improving mental health, and minimal risks. There are many resources and tutorials available for those interested in trying it.
sanskrit yoga mantras chanting for yoga class
Introduction
Mantra Yoga is an exact science. "Mananat trayate iti mantrah- by the Manana (constant thinking or recollection) of which one is protected or is released from the round of births and deaths, is Mantra." That is called Mantra by the meditation (Manana) on which the Jiva or the individual soul attains freedom from sin, enjoyment in heaven and final liberation, and by the aid of which it attains in full the fourfold fruit (Chaturvarga), i.e., Dharma, Artha, Kama and Moksha. A Mantra is so called because it is achieved by the mental process.
Heartfulness Magazine - June 2024 (Volume 9, Issue 6)
Dear readers,
This month we continue with more inspiring talks from the Global Spirituality Mahotsav that was held from March 14 to 17, 2024, at Kanha Shanti Vanam.
We hear from Daaji on lifestyle and yoga in honor of International Day of Yoga, June 21, 2024. We also hear from Professor Bhavani Rao, Dean at Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham University, on spirituality in action, the Venerable BhikkuSanghasena on how to be an ambassador for compassion, Dr. Tony Nader on the Maharishi Effect, Swami Mukundananda on the crossroads of modernization, Tejinder Kaur Basra on the purpose of work, the Venerable GesheDorjiDamdul on the psychology of peace, the Rt. Hon. Patricia Scotland, KC, Secretary-General of the Commonwealth, on how we are all related, and world-renowned violinist KumareshRajagopalan on the uplifting mysteries of music.
Dr. Prasad Veluthanar shares an Ayurvedic perspective on treating autism, Dr. IchakAdizes helps us navigate disagreements at work, Sravan Banda celebrates World Environment Day by sharing some tips on land restoration, and Sara Bubber tells our children another inspiring story and challenges them with some fun facts and riddles.
Happy reading,
The editors
Monthly Khazina-e-Ruhaniyaat Jun’2024 (Vol.15, Issue 2)
2nd issue of Volume 15. A magazine in urdu language mainly based on spiritual treatment and learning. Many topics on ISLAM, SUFISM, SOCIAL PROBLEMS, SELF HELP, PSYCHOLOGY, HEALTH, SPIRITUAL TREATMENT, Ruqya etc.A very useful magazine for everyone.
He Dies Slowly Slideshow by: Kal-el Marcus
Don't let yourself die slowly!
Don't keep yourself from being happy!
-- Pablo Neruda
(Translated from Spanish)
Astronism, Cosmism and Cosmodeism: the space religions espousing the doctrine...
This lecture created by Brandon Taylorian (aka Cometan) specially for the CESNUR Conference held Bordeaux in June 2024 provides a brief introduction to the legacy of religious and philosophical thought that Astronism emerges from, namely the discourse on transcension started assuredly by the Cosmists in Russia in the mid-to-late nineteenth century and then carried on and developed by Mordecai Nessyahu in Cosmodeism in the twentieth century. Cometan also then provides some detail on his story in founding Astronism in the early twenty-first century from 2013 along with details on the central Astronist doctrine of transcension. Finally, the lecture concludes with some contributions made by space religions and space philosophy and their influences on various cultural facets in art, literature and film.
THE IMPORTANCE OF AWARENESS AND CONSCIOUSNESS
The subject of spiritualism fundamentally relates to two specific tenets, independent yet closely associated as one—awareness and consciousness.
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- 1. A Century of Turmoil