Lesson On Earthquakes Powerpoint.Ppt
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1) The document provides information about earthquakes, including 10 interesting facts about earthquakes, details about the 1960 Valdivia earthquake in Chile that was the most powerful ever recorded, and descriptions of the San Andreas fault line, the Richter scale, and divergent and thrust fault boundaries. 2) The 1960 Valdivia earthquake in Chile was measured at 9.5 on the moment magnitude scale and caused devastating tsunamis across the Pacific Ocean. 3) The Richter scale, developed by Charles Richter, assigns a single number to quantify the amount of seismic energy released by an earthquake based on a logarithmic scale.
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Earthquakes, (also known as quakes or a tremors) are violent movements of the rocks in the Earth's crust.
Earthquakes are usually quite brief, but may repeat over a period of time. They are the result of a sudden release of energy in the Earth's crust. This creates seismic waves, which are waves of energy that travel through the Earth. The study of earthquakes is called seismology. Seismology studies the frequency, type and size of earthquakes over a period of time.
There are large earthquakes and small earthquakes. Large earthquakes can take down buildings and cause death and injury. Earthquakes are measured using observations from seismometers. The magnitude of an earthquake, and the intensity of shaking, is usually reported on the Richter scale. On the scale, 3 or less is scarcely noticeable, and magnitude 7 (or more) causes damage over a wide area.
An earthquake under the ocean can cause a tsunami. This can cause just as much death and destruction as the earthquake itself. Landslides can happen, too. This is an important part of the Earth's rock cycle.
Earthquakes
The document discusses earthquakes and related topics in three main sections. Section one describes how earthquakes are caused by movement along tectonic plate boundaries and outlines the different types of seismic waves generated by earthquakes. Section two explains how earthquakes are measured, located and recorded using seismographs. Section three discusses the damage earthquakes can cause to buildings and properties from ground shaking and liquefaction. It also describes tsunamis and provides safety tips for earthquake preparedness.
Chapter 4 Eearthquake & human activities
Earthquakes are the result of abrupt movement along fault fractures in the earth's crust, releasing energy that propagates in the form of seismic waves. The effects of earthquakes vary based on their magnitude and can cause devastating damage to lives, cities, and infrastructure. While earthquakes cannot be predicted with complete accuracy due to the complexity of the mechanisms involved, scientists can provide forecasts of probability for future seismic events based on statistical analysis of past quakes and geological evidence of past fault activity. Major goals of research include improving forecasts to help mitigate earthquake hazards and reduce losses through preparedness and building design.
Earthquake and human activities
1) The document provides an overview of earthquakes, including what causes them, how they are measured, their impacts, and methods for predicting and mitigating risks.
2) Earthquakes are caused by the abrupt movement of tectonic plates and fault lines in the earth's crust, releasing seismic waves. Their effects depend on magnitude and location.
3) Earthquake magnitude is measured using scales like the Richter scale and Moment magnitude scale, which quantify the size of the earthquake based on seismic wave recordings. Intensity is measured using scales like the Modified Mercalli scale based on earthquake damage levels.
Presentation
The 1960 Valdivia earthquake in Chile was the largest ever recorded at a magnitude of 9.5. It caused widespread damage, leaving over 2 million homeless and killing an estimated 2,200-5,700 people. The earthquake was caused by the subduction of the Nazca plate under the South American plate. It generated a tsunami with waves as high as 82 feet and caused damage across the Pacific in countries like Japan. While earthquakes themselves cannot be prevented, preparations like building codes, emergency plans, and kits can help reduce risks to lives and property from such powerful seismic events.
The 1960 Valdivia Earthquake
The Great Chile Earthquake of 1960 was the largest earthquake ever recorded at a magnitude of 9.5 on the Richter scale. It struck the city of Valdivia, Chile on May 22, 1960, generating tsunamis that caused damage and loss of life across the Pacific in Japan, Hawaii, and the Philippines. The earthquake was caused by the convergence of the Nazca plate sliding under the South American plate along the plate boundary, a process that had been occurring for millions of years. It resulted in over 2,000 deaths in Chile, widespread damage, and left millions homeless.
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Lesson On Earthquakes Powerpoint.Ppt
- 1. Earthquake's By:Jeff Fillman and Biz Van Tiflin
- 6. San Andreas Fault Line The San Andreas Fault is the sliding boundary between the Pacific Plate and the North American Plate. It slices California in two from Cape Mendocino to the Mexican border. San Diego, Los Angeles and Big Sur are on the Pacific Plate. San Francisco, Sacramento and the Sierra Nevada are on the North American Plate http://geology.com/articles/images/san-andreas-fault-map.jpg
- 9. 10 Most Destructive Earthquakes Location Date Magnitude Chile May 22, 1960 9.5 Prince William Sound, Alaska March 28, 1964 9.2 Andréa of Islands, Aleutian Islands March 9, 1957 9.1 Kamchatka Nov. 4, 1952 9.0 Off western coast of Sumatra, Indonesia Dec. 26, 2004 9.0 Off the coast of Ecuador Jan. 31, 1906 8.8 Rat Islands, Aleutian Islands Feb. 4, 1965 8.7 Northern Sumatra, Indonesia March 28, 2005 8.7 India-China border Aug. 15, 1950 8.6 Kamchatka Feb. 3, 1923 8.5
- 11. Footage From Valdivia Earthquake http://www. youtube .com/watch?v= vxXf -dYtG7Q&feature=related
- 12. Map Showing the Areas Affected by the Tsunami