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Gothic Art
THEME: Gothic

The quest for height
and light!
Gothic Age: TURMOIL and
           CHANGE
• 1337 – Hundred Year’s War began
• 14th c. - Black Death (kills ¼ population)
• 1378-1417 – Great Schism (political/religious crisis)
• Shift in society: monasteries and pilgrims  rapidly
  expanding secular cities
• Independent nations begin to take shape (starting w/
  France)
French Gothic
• EARLY GOTHIC
  • Carolingian basilica “unfit” for
    royalty converted into
    marvelous Gothic church
  • Rib vaults on pointed arches
  • Lux nova




Ambulatory and radiating chapels
Abbey Church of Saint-Denis
Saint Denis, France
1140-1144
Ambulatory and radiating chapels
Abbey Church of Saint-Denis
Saint Denis, France
1140-1144
Plan of the choir
Vaults of the ambulatory and
radiating chapels of the choir
Abbey Church of Saint-Denis
Saint Denis, France
1140-1144
Round vs. pointed arches
West facade of Chartres Cathedral
Chartres, France
begun 1134, rebuilt beginning 1194
Royal Portal, west facade
Chartres Cathedral
Chartres, France
ca. 1145-1155
Old Testament queen and two kings
jamb statues, doorway of Royal Portal
Chartres Cathedral
Chartres, France
ca. 1145-1155
West façade of Laon Cathedral
Laon, France
begun ca. 1190
TRIFORIUM




Plan and nave of Laon Cathedral
Laon, France
begun ca. 1190
- Sexpartite rib vaults
  - Pointed arches
  - TRIFORIUM in 4-part nave
    elevation




nave of Laon Cathedral
Laon, France
begun ca. 1190
Clerestory

Triforium

Gallery



Arcade



                  Laon   Paris   Chartres   Amiens


Gothic nave elevations
South façade of Notre Dame Cathedral
Paris, France
begun 1163, nave & flying buttresses ca. 1180-1200, remodeled after 1225
FLYYYYYING BUTTRESSES
         Important support function
     Holds up nave walls at stress points
Gives Gothic architecture it’s distinctive “look”
Notre Dame Cathedral
Paris, France
begun 1163, nave & flying buttresses ca. 1180-1200, remodeled after 1225
1194 - Chartres PART II




Chartres Cathedral
Chartres, France
begun 1134
rebuilt beginning 1194
Plan of Chartres Cathedral
Chartres, France
as rebuilt after 1194
Nave of Chartres Cathedral
Chartres, France
as rebuilt after 1194
Virgin and Child and Angels
(Notre Dame de la Belle Verrière)
choir of Chartres Cathedral
Chartres, France
ca. 1170
stained glass
16 ft. x 7 ft. 8 in.
Triforium wall of the nave
Chartres Cathedral
Chartres, France
ca. 1200-1260
Rose Window and lancets
north transept of Chartres Cathedral
Chartres, France
ca. 1220
stained glass
rose approximately 43 ft. in diameter
Saints Martin, Jerome, and Gregory
jamb statues, Porch of the Confessors
South transept of Chartres Cathedral
Chartres, France
ca. 1220-1230                           2nd “Classical Revolution”
Saint Theodore
jamb statue, Porch of the Martyrs
South transept of Chartres Cathedral
Chartres, France
ca. 1230
HIGH GOTHIC FACADE




                            King’s Gallery



Robert de Luzarches, Thomas de
Cormont,
and Renaud de Cormont
West facade of Amiens Cathedral
Amiens, France
begun 1220
Robert de Luzarches, Thomas de Cormont,
and Renaud de Cormont
East facade of Amiens Cathedral
Amiens, France
begun 1220
Robert de Luzarches, Thomas
de Cormont,
and Renaud de Cormont
Choir vaults of Amiens
Cathedral
Amiens, France
begun 1220
- Nave vault = 144 ft.
  - 3-part elevation
  - Amiens is the Gothic
  counterpart to the Byzantine
  Hagia Sophia




Robert de Luzarches,
Thomas de Cormont,
and Renaud de Cormont
nave of Amiens Cathedral
Amiens, France
begun 1220
Christ (Beau Dieu)
trumeau statue of central doorway
west facade of Amiens Cathedral
Amiens, France
ca. 1220-1235
West façade of Reims Cathedral
Reims, France
begun ca. 1225-1290
Nave of Reims Cathedral
Reims, France
begun ca. 1225-1290
Visitation
jamb statues of central doorway
west facade of Reims Cathedral
Reims, France
ca. 1230
Sainte-Chapelle
Paris, France
1243-1248
Rayonnant (radiating)
 Style




interior of the upper chapel
Sainte-Chapelle
Paris, France
1243-1248
Saint Denis                 Notre Dame, Chartres
                                                   Notre Dame, Reims



              Notre Dame,
                  Paris




                                                     Saint Chapelle
  Laon                      Notre Dame, Amiens



EARLY GOTHIC                HIGH GOTHIC            LATE GOTHIC
Virgin and Child (Virgin of Paris)
Notre-Dame
Paris, France
early 14th century
The
elegant
S-curve
West façade of Saint-Maclou
Rouen, France
ca. 1500-1540
Carcassone
France
ca. 12th-13th c.
Hall of the Cloth Guild
Bruges, Netherlands
begun. 1230
House of Jacques Coeur
Bourges, France
Ca. 1443-1451
Villard de Honnecourt
Figures based on geometric shapes
folio 18 verso of a sketchbook
from Paris, France
ca. 1220-1235
ink on vellum
9 1/4 x 6 in.
God as architect of the world
folio 1 verso of a moralized Bible
from Paris, France
ca. 1220-1230
ink, tempera and gold leaf on vellum
13 1/2 x 8 1/4 in.
Blanche of Castille, Louis IX
and two monks
dedication page (folio 8 recto)
of a moralized Bible
from Paris, France
1226-1234
ink, tempera and gold leaf on vellum
15 x 10 1/2 in.
Abraham and the Three Angels
folio 7 verso
of the Psalter of Saint Louis
from Paris, France
1253-1270
ink, tempera and gold leaf on vellum
5 x 3 1/2 in.
Master Honoré
David anointed by Samuel and
battle of David and Goliath
folio 7 verso
of the Breviary of Phillipe le Bel
from Paris, France
1296
ink and tempera on vellum
7 7/8 x 4 7/8 in.
Jean Pucelle
David before Saul
folio 24 verso
of the Belleville Breviary
from Paris, France
1325
ink and tempera on vellum
9 1/2 x 6 3/4 in.
Virgin of Jeanne d’Evreaux
from the abbey church of Saint-Denis
Saint-Denis, France
1339
silver gilt and enamel
27 1/2 in. high
The Castle of Love and knights jousting
lid of a jewelry casket
from Paris, France
ca. 1330-1350
ivory and iron
4 1/2 x 9 3/4 in.
Salisbury Cathedral
Salisbury, England
1220-1258; west façade completed 1265; spire ca. 1320-1330
Plan and Nave
of Salisbury Cathedral
Salisbury, England
1220-1258
Nave
of Salisbury Cathedral
Salisbury, England
1220-1258
Choir of Gloucester Cathedral
Gloucester, England
1332-1357
Tomb of Edward II
Gloucester Cathedral
Gloucester, England
ca. 1330-1335
                       Ogee arches
Chapel of Henry VII
Westminster Abbey
London, England
1503-1519
Gerhard of Cologne
Cologne Cathedral
Cologne, Germany
begun 1248
Gerhard of Cologne
Cologne Cathedral
Cologne, Germany
begun 1248
nave of Saint Elizabeth
Marburg, Germany
1235-1283
Death of the Virgin
tympanum of left doorway, south transept
Strasbourg Cathedral
Strasbourg, France
ca. 1230
Eckehard and Uta
statues in the west choir
Naumburg Cathedral
Naumburg, Germany
ca. 1249-1255
painted limestone
6 ft. 2 in. high
Bamberg Rider
statue in the east choir
Bamberg Cathedral
Bamberg, Germany
ca. 1235-1240
sandstone
7 ft. 9 in. high
Pietá = pity in Italian




Virgin with the Dead Christ
Röttgen Pietà
from the Rhineland, Germany
ca. 1300-1325
painted wood
2 ft. 10 1/2 in. high
Nicholas of Verdun
Klosterneuburg Altar
from the abbey church at
Klosterneuburg, Austria
1181
gilded copper and enamel
3 ft. 6 3/4 in. high overall
Nicholas of Verdun
Shrine of the Three Kings
from Cologne Cathedral
Cologne, Germany
ca. 1190
silver, bronze, enamel and gemstones
5 ft. 8 in. x 6 ft. x 3 ft. 8 in.

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Gothic Art

  • 2. THEME: Gothic The quest for height and light!
  • 3.
  • 4. Gothic Age: TURMOIL and CHANGE • 1337 – Hundred Year’s War began • 14th c. - Black Death (kills ¼ population) • 1378-1417 – Great Schism (political/religious crisis) • Shift in society: monasteries and pilgrims  rapidly expanding secular cities • Independent nations begin to take shape (starting w/ France)
  • 6. • EARLY GOTHIC • Carolingian basilica “unfit” for royalty converted into marvelous Gothic church • Rib vaults on pointed arches • Lux nova Ambulatory and radiating chapels Abbey Church of Saint-Denis Saint Denis, France 1140-1144
  • 7. Ambulatory and radiating chapels Abbey Church of Saint-Denis Saint Denis, France 1140-1144
  • 8. Plan of the choir Vaults of the ambulatory and radiating chapels of the choir Abbey Church of Saint-Denis Saint Denis, France 1140-1144
  • 10.
  • 11. West facade of Chartres Cathedral Chartres, France begun 1134, rebuilt beginning 1194
  • 12. Royal Portal, west facade Chartres Cathedral Chartres, France ca. 1145-1155
  • 13.
  • 14. Old Testament queen and two kings jamb statues, doorway of Royal Portal Chartres Cathedral Chartres, France ca. 1145-1155
  • 15.
  • 16.
  • 17. West façade of Laon Cathedral Laon, France begun ca. 1190
  • 18. TRIFORIUM Plan and nave of Laon Cathedral Laon, France begun ca. 1190
  • 19. - Sexpartite rib vaults - Pointed arches - TRIFORIUM in 4-part nave elevation nave of Laon Cathedral Laon, France begun ca. 1190
  • 20. Clerestory Triforium Gallery Arcade Laon Paris Chartres Amiens Gothic nave elevations
  • 21.
  • 22. South façade of Notre Dame Cathedral Paris, France begun 1163, nave & flying buttresses ca. 1180-1200, remodeled after 1225
  • 23. FLYYYYYING BUTTRESSES Important support function Holds up nave walls at stress points Gives Gothic architecture it’s distinctive “look”
  • 24. Notre Dame Cathedral Paris, France begun 1163, nave & flying buttresses ca. 1180-1200, remodeled after 1225
  • 25.
  • 26.
  • 27.
  • 28. 1194 - Chartres PART II Chartres Cathedral Chartres, France begun 1134 rebuilt beginning 1194
  • 29. Plan of Chartres Cathedral Chartres, France as rebuilt after 1194
  • 30. Nave of Chartres Cathedral Chartres, France as rebuilt after 1194
  • 31. Virgin and Child and Angels (Notre Dame de la Belle Verrière) choir of Chartres Cathedral Chartres, France ca. 1170 stained glass 16 ft. x 7 ft. 8 in.
  • 32. Triforium wall of the nave Chartres Cathedral Chartres, France ca. 1200-1260
  • 33. Rose Window and lancets north transept of Chartres Cathedral Chartres, France ca. 1220 stained glass rose approximately 43 ft. in diameter
  • 34. Saints Martin, Jerome, and Gregory jamb statues, Porch of the Confessors South transept of Chartres Cathedral Chartres, France ca. 1220-1230 2nd “Classical Revolution”
  • 35. Saint Theodore jamb statue, Porch of the Martyrs South transept of Chartres Cathedral Chartres, France ca. 1230
  • 36.
  • 37. HIGH GOTHIC FACADE King’s Gallery Robert de Luzarches, Thomas de Cormont, and Renaud de Cormont West facade of Amiens Cathedral Amiens, France begun 1220
  • 38. Robert de Luzarches, Thomas de Cormont, and Renaud de Cormont East facade of Amiens Cathedral Amiens, France begun 1220
  • 39. Robert de Luzarches, Thomas de Cormont, and Renaud de Cormont Choir vaults of Amiens Cathedral Amiens, France begun 1220
  • 40. - Nave vault = 144 ft. - 3-part elevation - Amiens is the Gothic counterpart to the Byzantine Hagia Sophia Robert de Luzarches, Thomas de Cormont, and Renaud de Cormont nave of Amiens Cathedral Amiens, France begun 1220
  • 41. Christ (Beau Dieu) trumeau statue of central doorway west facade of Amiens Cathedral Amiens, France ca. 1220-1235
  • 42.
  • 43. West façade of Reims Cathedral Reims, France begun ca. 1225-1290
  • 44. Nave of Reims Cathedral Reims, France begun ca. 1225-1290
  • 45. Visitation jamb statues of central doorway west facade of Reims Cathedral Reims, France ca. 1230
  • 46.
  • 48. Rayonnant (radiating) Style interior of the upper chapel Sainte-Chapelle Paris, France 1243-1248
  • 49.
  • 50. Saint Denis Notre Dame, Chartres Notre Dame, Reims Notre Dame, Paris Saint Chapelle Laon Notre Dame, Amiens EARLY GOTHIC HIGH GOTHIC LATE GOTHIC
  • 51. Virgin and Child (Virgin of Paris) Notre-Dame Paris, France early 14th century
  • 53.
  • 54. West façade of Saint-Maclou Rouen, France ca. 1500-1540
  • 56.
  • 57. Hall of the Cloth Guild Bruges, Netherlands begun. 1230
  • 58. House of Jacques Coeur Bourges, France Ca. 1443-1451
  • 59.
  • 60. Villard de Honnecourt Figures based on geometric shapes folio 18 verso of a sketchbook from Paris, France ca. 1220-1235 ink on vellum 9 1/4 x 6 in.
  • 61. God as architect of the world folio 1 verso of a moralized Bible from Paris, France ca. 1220-1230 ink, tempera and gold leaf on vellum 13 1/2 x 8 1/4 in.
  • 62. Blanche of Castille, Louis IX and two monks dedication page (folio 8 recto) of a moralized Bible from Paris, France 1226-1234 ink, tempera and gold leaf on vellum 15 x 10 1/2 in.
  • 63. Abraham and the Three Angels folio 7 verso of the Psalter of Saint Louis from Paris, France 1253-1270 ink, tempera and gold leaf on vellum 5 x 3 1/2 in.
  • 64. Master Honoré David anointed by Samuel and battle of David and Goliath folio 7 verso of the Breviary of Phillipe le Bel from Paris, France 1296 ink and tempera on vellum 7 7/8 x 4 7/8 in.
  • 65. Jean Pucelle David before Saul folio 24 verso of the Belleville Breviary from Paris, France 1325 ink and tempera on vellum 9 1/2 x 6 3/4 in.
  • 66. Virgin of Jeanne d’Evreaux from the abbey church of Saint-Denis Saint-Denis, France 1339 silver gilt and enamel 27 1/2 in. high
  • 67. The Castle of Love and knights jousting lid of a jewelry casket from Paris, France ca. 1330-1350 ivory and iron 4 1/2 x 9 3/4 in.
  • 68.
  • 69. Salisbury Cathedral Salisbury, England 1220-1258; west façade completed 1265; spire ca. 1320-1330
  • 70. Plan and Nave of Salisbury Cathedral Salisbury, England 1220-1258
  • 72.
  • 73. Choir of Gloucester Cathedral Gloucester, England 1332-1357
  • 74. Tomb of Edward II Gloucester Cathedral Gloucester, England ca. 1330-1335 Ogee arches
  • 75.
  • 76. Chapel of Henry VII Westminster Abbey London, England 1503-1519
  • 77.
  • 78. Gerhard of Cologne Cologne Cathedral Cologne, Germany begun 1248
  • 79. Gerhard of Cologne Cologne Cathedral Cologne, Germany begun 1248
  • 80. nave of Saint Elizabeth Marburg, Germany 1235-1283
  • 81. Death of the Virgin tympanum of left doorway, south transept Strasbourg Cathedral Strasbourg, France ca. 1230
  • 82. Eckehard and Uta statues in the west choir Naumburg Cathedral Naumburg, Germany ca. 1249-1255 painted limestone 6 ft. 2 in. high
  • 83. Bamberg Rider statue in the east choir Bamberg Cathedral Bamberg, Germany ca. 1235-1240 sandstone 7 ft. 9 in. high
  • 84. Pietá = pity in Italian Virgin with the Dead Christ Röttgen Pietà from the Rhineland, Germany ca. 1300-1325 painted wood 2 ft. 10 1/2 in. high
  • 85.
  • 86. Nicholas of Verdun Klosterneuburg Altar from the abbey church at Klosterneuburg, Austria 1181 gilded copper and enamel 3 ft. 6 3/4 in. high overall
  • 87.
  • 88. Nicholas of Verdun Shrine of the Three Kings from Cologne Cathedral Cologne, Germany ca. 1190 silver, bronze, enamel and gemstones 5 ft. 8 in. x 6 ft. x 3 ft. 8 in.

Editor's Notes

  1. Slide concept by William V. Ganis, PhD FOR EDUCATIONAL USE ONLY For publication, reproduction or transmission of images, please contact individual artists, estates, photographers and exhibiting institutions for permissions and rights.
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