There are two sets of teeth - primary (deciduous) and secondary (permanent). A tooth consists of three parts - the anatomic crown, root, and pulp chamber. Teeth are made up of four main tissues - enamel, dentin, cementum, and dental pulp. The oral cavity environment can lead to demineralization of teeth if the pH drops too low, but remineralization can occur when the pH returns to neutral levels, aided by minerals in saliva. Proper dental anatomy and physiology knowledge is important for understanding oral health.