The document discusses Long-Term Evolution (LTE) technology, detailing its inception, key features, and advancements into LTE-Advanced. It highlights improvements such as increased bandwidth capacity, enhanced multi-antenna techniques, and support for larger bandwidths, aiming for peak data rates exceeding 1 Gbps. The benefits of LTE-A include higher speeds, lower latency, improved user experience, and greater network capacity.

1. Prepared by:
DFUNZONE
www.dfunzone.net

2. Points to Discuss
What is LTE ?
LTE key features
Evolution of LTE-Advanced
Comparison Technologies
LTE-A Benefits

3. What is LTE ?
• In Nov. 2004, 3GPP began a project to define the long-
term evolution (LTE) of Universal Mobile
Telecommunications System (UMTS) cellular
technology
Higher performance
Backwards compatible
Wide application
• LTE employs Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple
Access (OFDMA) for downlink data transmission and
Single Carrier FDMA (SC-FDMA) for uplink transmission

4. LTE key features
TX TX
Advanced antenna solutions
Diversity
Beam-forming
Multi-layer transmission (MIMO)
20 MHz1.4 MHz
Spectrum flexibility
Flexible bandwidth
New and existing bands
Duplex flexibility: FDD and TDD
SC-FDMA
OFDMA
LTE radio access
Downlink: OFDM
Uplink: SC-FDMA

5. Evolution of Radio Access Technologies
• LTE (3.9G) :
3GPP release 8~9
• LTE-Advanced :
3GPP release 10+

6. Evolution of LTE-Advanced
Asymmetric
transmissio
n
bandwidth
Layered
OFDMA
Advanced
Multi-cell
Transmissi
on/Recept
ion
Technique
s
Enhanced
Multi-
antenna
Transmissi
on
Technique
s
Support of
Larger
Bandwidt
h in LTE-
Advanced
6

7. Asymmetric transmission bandwidth
• Symmetric transmission
– voice transmission : UE to UE
• Asymmetric transmission
– streaming video : the server to the UE (the downlink)
7

8. Layered OFDMA
The bandwidth of basic frequency block is, 15–
20 MHz
Layered OFDMA radio access scheme in LTE-A
will have layered transmission bandwidth,
support of layered environments and control
signal formats.
8

9. Advanced Multi-cell
Transmission/Reception Techniques
In LTE-A, the advanced multi-cell
transmission/reception processes helps
in increasing frequency efficiency and
cell edge user throughput
• Estimation unit
• Calculation unit
• Determination unit
• Feedback unit
9

10. Enhanced Multi-antenna Transmission Techniques
• In LTE-A, the MIMO scheme has to be further improved in
the area of spectrum efficiency, average cell through put
and cell edge performances
• In LTE-A the antenna configurations of 8x8 in DL and 4x4 in
UL are planned
10

11. Enhanced Techniques to Extend Coverage
Area
• Remote Radio Requirements (RREs) using optical
fiber should be used in LTE-A as effective
technique to extend cell coverage
11

12. Support of Larger Bandwidth in LTE-Advanced
• Peak data rates up to 1Gbps are expected from
bandwidths of 100MHz. OFDM adds additional sub-
carrier to increase bandwidth
12

13. Comparison of various technologies

14. LTE-A benefits in a nutshell
Higher Speeds Low latency Faster downloads Simpler networks
GreaterEnd-UserExperience
More capacity New services Differentiation

15. Summary
• Bandwidth is extended up to 100MHz by using backwards
compatible carrier aggregation
• Uplink SU-MIMO up to 4x4 for increasing uplink peak spectral
efficiency (up to 15bps/Hz)
• Downlink MIMO enhancements
 Multi-user MIMO enhancements for better interference management
using correlated antennas
 Support of up to 8x8 MIMO to increase peak spectral efficiency (up to
30bps/Hz) and average cell spectral efficiency
• With these techniques, the target of reaching a peak data rate of
more than 1Gbit/s and improve average cell spectral efficiency by
50% in both UL and DL are achieved.