2024-05-08 Composting at Home 101 for the Rotary Club of Pinecrest.pptx
‘Integrated Landscape Approaches’: A systematic map
1. Minding the research practitioner gap: The implementation of
integrated landscape approaches
Global Landscapes Forum, Lima Peru
7th December 2014
‘Integrated Landscape Approaches’:
A systematic map
2. • EcoAgriculture Partners
identified 78 (!!) different terms
all alluding to integrated
landscape management
• There remains no single agreed
definition within the scientific
community for a landscape
approach
• Perhaps because one size does
not fit all!
The terminology problem
3. Landscapes
Multi-functional landscapes
Integrated landscape
management
Climate smart
agriculture
Ecosystem Approach
Community-Based Adaption
Integrated landscape
approaches
Landscape-scale ecosystem-based
adaptation
Integrated natural resource management
Conservation
agriculture
Green Growth
Landscapes
Approach
Green Agricultural Economy
Green Infrastructure
Landscape Mosaics
Sustainable Intensification
(…just some of the) Current
Terminology
4. Systematic Maps
• Transparent, repeatable, pre-determined methodology to review a given
research topic
• Commonly used in medical research
• Recently adopted by natural and social sciences (environmentalevidence.org)
5. Our (current) primary research questions:
What is the landscape approach, and
how has it evolved into current
discourse and practice?
How, and where, is it actually being
implemented?
Three key objectives:
Map the development of landscape approach theory
Review and synthesize current terminology
Review integrated landscape research by documenting current (and
prior) examples of landscape-scale initiatives in the tropics
Objectives of the systematic map
6. Methods
Evolution of search terms and strategy:
Internal/external consultation
Two stakeholder workshops (Kenya and Australia)
Extensive scoping exercise using Web of Science
Development of inclusion/exclusion criteria for studies
Protocol published in peer-reviewed journal [in press]
Specialist databases:
• Scopus
• CAB Direct
• ISI Web of Knowledge
• PubMed
Internet searches:
• Google Scholar
Other:
• Call for grey literature
7. Methods
Specific criteria for case studies:
Clear and repeatable methodology
Evidence of integrating at least two land uses
Evidence of integrating at least two institutional/sectorial stakeholders
Outcomes measured accurately and reliably
8. Progress
271,974 Main terms expanded and
trialed in WoK
13,290Publications captured with
refined search terms
47 Final studies of relevance
382Relevant after abstract
screening
1,171 Relevant studies after title
screening
26,303 Initial scoping in WoK using
main search terms
Title screening
Abstract screening
Full text screening
Study quality
10. Preliminary Findings
• Majority of studies started
with single objective focus
• 83% of case studies reported
positive outcomes
• No cases (thus far) of long
term monitoring and
evaluation of landscape
metrics
• 37% of papers explicitly
acknowledge the need for a
landscape approach
Main Project Focus
27% 27%
16%
13% 13%
4%
11. Preliminary Findings
• Despite the wealth of information on landscape approaches, there
are very few case study examples in the peer reviewed literature
• This does not mean they are not out there: they are not being
reported!
• Will including the grey literature in our screening provide the bridge
for this gap in our knowledge base?
Workshops (Nairobi, Cape Tribulation)
Scoping (Refined original set of 58 terms which returned ~280,000 publications to 35 terms and use of Boolean operators returned 10,045 (WoS only))
Word cloud (sub set of our search terms) which we applied to the literature sources on the right
As we have two research questions (theory development and case studies) we developed these criteria specifically for the case studies and applied at full text and study quality screening.
As there is no agreed definition for a landscape approach it was very difficult to create a priori criteria. However, by using the criteria of integrating only 2 land uses/stakeholders we have been very conservative.
Currently 295/382 (so final figure of 47 is expected to increase). Also have yet to start the grey literature screening.
Concludes with a methodical overview of the quantity and quality of the evidence
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Where projects started as single objectives, they have expanded and considered other land uses/ variables as challenges have arisen (i.e. start with a reforestation program but then had to consider rural livelihood impacts)
Positive outcomes….but often results based on short term data collection and soon after project implementation ( we will attempt to track the current progress of studies which have reported in the 2000’s)
Each case study is summarized in terms of the organization responsible for the project, the timeframe in which it has been implemented, the landscape scale, the funding bodies, the target land uses and landscape configuration, terminology applied to the framework, and users can also access the source of project via a link to a pdf. The map is an ongoing process and will be updated as the systematic mapping processes is concluded. It is envisaged that there will be a considerable number of case studies collated from grey literature sources (due to take place over the next couple of months) and added to the interactive map. The map can be accessed at the address shown above.
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Variation: alter the position and size of the picture