This document summarizes the results of a study on the productivity and quality of forage oat under varying nitrogen levels and cutting management conditions in Uttar Pradesh, India. Key findings include: 1) Higher nitrogen levels (120 kg/ha) and two cuttings resulted in greater forage yield, crude protein yield, plant height, number of tillers, and leaf area index compared to lower nitrogen levels or a single cutting. 2) Nitrogen levels of 80-120 kg/ha produced the highest green fodder yield of 63.36-79.73 t/ha and dry matter yield of 10.01-12.94 t/ha. 3) Two cuttings at

2. A Seminar
On
PRODUCTIVITY AND QUALITY OF FORAGE OAT UNDER VARYING
NITROGEN LEVELS AND CUTTING MANAGEMENT IN IRRIGATED
CONDITIONS OF WESTERN PLAIN ZONE OF UTTAR PRADESH
Presented by:
Thaneshwar
Id. No.- 2657
Ph.D.(Agronomy)
Department of Agronomy
Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel Uni. of Ag. & Tech.
Meerut-250110

3. INTRODUCTION
 Oat is the most important cereal crop grown for grain and forage purpose in winter
in north western and central India.
 Oat fodder is quite nutritive containing, on an average, 7.6 per cent crude protein at
50% flowering stage and about 14.6 per cent at very early stage of growth.
 It has excellent growth habit, quick recovery after cutting and good quality herbage.
 Oat ranks sixth in world cereal production following wheat, maize, rice, barley and
sorghum (FAO STAT 2011)
 The total area covered under oat cultivation in the country is about 500 000 ha.
 The crop occupies maximum area in Uttar Pradesh (34%), followed by Punjab (20%),
Bihar (16%), Haryana (9%) and Madhya Pradesh (6%) (IGFRI 2011)
 There are several factors, which affect the productivity and quality of forage oat.
Cutting management and nitrogen fertilizer play dominant role.

4. World Area under oat crop over period 1961-2011

7. Country Production
(1000 T)
European Union(EU-27) 7,826.00
Russian Federation 5,000.00
Canada 2,900.00
Australia 1,600.00
United States 834.00
Belarus 800.00
Ukraine 550.00
Chile 460.00
China 420.00
Brazil 370.00
Top 10 Oats Producing Countries
EU-27 ,
7,826.00
Russian
Federation
, 5,000.00
Canada ,
2,900.00
Australia ,
1,600.00
United
States ,
834
Belarus ,
800
Ukraine ,
550
Chile ,
460
China ,
420
Brazil ,
370
Source-U.S.D.A.2013

9. Zone
Total area sown for
agriculture production
(ha)
Area sown for
fodder crops
(ha)
% of area under
fodder production
of total area
1. Western Zone 95,58,053 77,585 8.12
2. Eastern Zone 84,98,353 98,670 1.11
3. Central Zone 43,27,020 82,296 1.90
4. Bundelkhand 21,97,763 10,057 0.46
Mean - - 2.9
Fodder production area in different zones of U.P. (2005-06)
Source-IGFRI 2007

10. States/UTs
2000-01 2002-03
Dry Fodder Green Fodder Dry Fodder Green Fodder
Andhra Pradesh 36759 14573 26053 14240
Arunachal Pradesh 471 7731 518 7731
Assam 6146 3372 5745 3372
Bihar 19523 1377 15612 1346
Chhattisgarh 4710 21192 5189 20730
Goa 251 189 233 189
Gujarat 12444 56158 15250 57643
Haryana 19701 19400 18855 19011
Himachal Pradesh 2573 3137 2187 3230
Jammu & Kashmir 2365 6083 2510 6142
India 426318 489259 377688 503129
State-wise dry and green fodder production (tonnes) in India (2000-2001 to
2002-2003)
Source-Department of Animal Husbandry, Govt. of India 2004

11. Year
Supply Demand
Green Dry Green Dry
1995 379.3 421 947 526
2000 384.5 428 988 549
2005 389.9 443 1025 569
2010 395.2 451 1061 589
2015 400.6 466 1097 609
2020 405.9 473 1134 630
2025 411.3 488 1170 650
Supply and Demand of Green and Dry Fodder (MT) in India (1995-2025)
Source-Department of Animal Husbandry, Govt. of India 2013

12. Nitrogen Management for Fodder Oat Crop
 Being the exhaustive crop, Oat requires large amount of nutrients particularly N
for producing more yields.
 Applications made early will ensure a canopy that is large containing high levels
of stem carbohydrate
 Nitrogen is required for tiller development and required by plants to create
protein
 Oat forage yield positively responses to applied nitrogen and needs ample
quantity of nitrogen for its better production.
 Use of optimum amount of nitrogenous fertilizer through a suitable application
method at a time when it is most efficiently and effectively utilized is imperative.

13. Treatment
2003-04 2004-05
I cut II cut Total I cut II cut Total
Cutting management
C1 - 372.47 372.47 - 405.24 405.24
C2 62.23 264.42 326.65 103.49 240.26 343.74
C3 101.49 198.87 300.36 137.49 182.48 319.97
CD at 5 % 2.46 14.44 14.35 7.32 11.85 13.90
N level (kg/ha)
N0 42.09 154.15 182.21 55.00 178.23 214.89
N40 64.89 218.50 261.76 95.55 250.90 314.60
N80 82.60 299.97 355.04 132.63 281.92 370.34
N120 107.33 354.14 425.69 156.10 328.21 432.27
N160 112.40 366.17 441.10 163.18 340.71 449.50
CD at 5% 3.88 18.64 18.53 11.57 15.30 17.95
TABLE 1. Effect of cutting management and nitrogen levels on green forage yield (q
ha-1) of oat during 2003-04 and 2004-05
Source-Bhilare 2006
C1- Single cut at 50% flowering
C2
- I cut at 50 DAS and II cut at 50 % flowering
C3-I cut at 60 DAS and II cut at 50% flowering

14. Treatment
2003-04 2004-05
I cut II cut Total I cut II cut Total
Cutting management
C1 - 7.63 7.63 - 8.14 8.14
C2 1.77 5.73 7.51 3.39 5.20 8.59
C3 2.32 4.06 6.38 3.52 3.59 7.11
CD at 5 % 0.11 0.42 0.43 NS 0.45 0.49
N level (kg/ha)
N0 0.86 2.46 3.03 1.36 2.65 3.56
N40 1.49 4.12 5.11 2.65 4.85 6.61
N80 2.01 6.00 7.34 3.65 5.79 8.23
N120 2.80 7.84 9.71 4.61 7.12 10.19
N160 3.08 8.62 10.67 4.99 7.82 11.15
CD at 5% 0.18 0.54 0.55 0.35 0.58 0.64
TABLE 2. Effect of cutting management and ntrogen levels on crude protein yield (kg
ha-1) of oat during 2003-04 and 2004-05
Source-Bhilare 2006

15. Treatment
Forage
yield
(t/ha)
Dry
matter %
Dry matter
yield (t/ha)
Plant
height
(cm)
No. of
leaves
per
plant
Leaf
area/pl
ant(cm2
Leaf
stem
ratio
0 kg/ha N 61.639 24.359 14.654 96.00 3.706 130.55 0.264
75 kg/ha N 78.369 22.534 16.687 118.12 4.178 194.01 0.327
150 kg/ha N 77.337 21.950 15.758 123.21 4.300 224.29 0.337
LSD(0.05) 3.002 0.798 0.766 2.72 0.149 12.06 0.023
TABLE 3. Effect of nitrogen fertilization on fresh forage yield (FY), percentage dry
matter (DM%), dry matter production (DMY), plant height (PH), number
of leaves per plant (NL), leaf area per plant (LA) and leaf-stem ratio (LSR)
of forage oats.
Source-Assaeed 1994

16. Treatments
Level of
Nitroge
nous
fertilizer
(Kg/ha)
Crude
Protein
Yield
(t ha-1)
Digestible
Crude
Protein
Yield
(t ha-1)
Crude
fibre
(%)
Crude
Protein
(%)
Mineral
matter
content (%)
T0 0 1.61 0.89 21.48 10.58 10.25
T1 0 1.79 1.06 26.96 11.32 11.25
T2 70 2.06 1.32 26.01 12.13 11.70
T3 92 2.22 1.48 25.91 13.46 12.00
T4 114 2.86 2.10 25.62 14.30 12.25
T5 136 2.50 2.08 23.33 12.40 12.50
T6 158 2.35 1.75 22.50 11.96 12.10
S.E. 0.0843 0.0768 0.3542 0.3404 0.1222
TABLE 4. Effect of different nitrogen levels on crude protein yield (t ha-1),
digestible crude protein yield (t ha-1), crude fibre (%), crude
protein (%) and mineral matter content (%) of forage oat
Source -Iqbal et al. 2013

17. N levels
(kg/ha)
Number of
tillers/ m row
Tiller height
(cm)
Leaf area
index
Fodder yield
t/ha
Crude
protein
yield
(kg/ha)
Nutrient uptake
(kg/ha)
N P KIst cut
IInd
cut
Ist
cut
IInd
cut
Ist
cut
IInd
cut
Green Dry
0 121.0 111.5 57.0 72.5 4.12 6.74 26.6 6.23 517.7 82.8 19.5 42.4
50 142.1 117.7 61.3 80.2 4.87 8.07 35.8 8.43 717.0 114.7 28.8 60.3
100 150.3 129.8 65.5 89.8 6.02 9.06 44.0 10.34 906.7 145.1 39.2 71.3
150 165.0 137.2 68.4 94.7 7.93 10.08 47.3 11.13 988.7 158.2 42.6 79.0
CD 8.7 7.5 6.1 4.8 0.53 0.71 2.52 0.58 50.2 8.01 2.07 4.21
TABLE 5. Effect of nitrogen levels on number of tillers/m row, tiller height (cm),
Leaf area index, Fodder yield (t/ha), crude protein yield (kg/ha) and
nutrient uptake (kg/ha) in oat (pooled data of 2 years)
Source-Sharma 2009
Ist cut-65 DAS
IInd cut -115 DAS

18. Nitrogen
levels (N kg
ha-1)
Plant
Height
(cm)
Leaf
LAI
Leaf wt
(g plant-1) Green
forage
yield
(g
plant-1)
Dry
matter
yield
(g
plant-1)
Green
fodder
(q ha-
1)
Dry
matte
r
yield
(q ha-
1)
Length
(cm)
Width
(cm)
Area/
plant
(cm2)
Green Dry
N0-50 67.7 30.8 1.0 375 2.50 11.37 1.70 57.03 8.77 326 66
N1-75 74.5 34.1 1.1 412 2.74 12.24 1.81 62.07 9.79 349 75
N2-100 75.9 34.7 1.1 419 2.80 12.60 1.87 63.36 10.01 361 80
N3-125 96.0 44.0 1.5 537 3.58 15.79 2.34 79.73 12.94 438 104
C.D.at
5 %
8.0 3.7 0.1 42.00 0.28 1.22 0.20 4.98 0.89 30.0 8
Source-Jat et al.2015
TABLE 6. Mean values of growth and yield parameters of fodder oat as influenced by
nitrogen levels.

19. Treatments
Plant
height(cm) at
harvest
Number of tillers/m2 Leaf Area Index
30 DAS 60 DAS At harvest 30 DAS 60 DAS
N(kg/ha)
0 125.0 157.20 310.60 316.60 3.00 3.08
40 132.6 174.60 379.30 384.30 3.12 3.80
80 137.5 189.40 416.54 432.50 3.48 4.83
120 142.2 199.80 434.10 444.80 3.72 6.45
CD @ 5% 1.6 3.1 3.60 4.58 0.24 0.34
TABLE 7. Effect of different nitrogen levels on plant height (cm) at harvest, no.
of tillers/ m2 at 30 DAS, 60 DAS, at harvest, leaf area index at 30 DAS
and 60 DAS Crude protein yield (q/ha) L:S ratio Dry matter yield (q/ha
Green fodder yield (q/ha) NMRs (₹/ha) and B:C ratio in oat
Source-Jha et al. 2012

20. Treatments
Crude
protein
yield
(q/ha)
L:S
ratio
Dry
matter
yield
(q/ha)
Green
fodder
yield
(q/ha)
NMRs
(₹/ha)
B:C ratio
N(kg/ha)
0 6.4 1.24 85.1 366.5 33676 3.66
40 7.6 1.04 98.0 417.5 41297 4.17
80 9.2 0.91 115.9 485.5 51763 4.84
120 10.0 0.88 124.8 518.8 57910 5.18
CD @ 5% 0.3 0.27 6.9 12.6
- -
……..continued
Source-Jha et al. 2012

21. Cutting Management in different growth stages of oat
 Cutting stage mainly determines the ultimate fodder yields and its quality.
 With the increase in age, maturity, or cutting stage, nutritive value and palatability of
the harvested fodder decreases.
 To obtain the best compromise between fodder yield and quality, the crop should be
harvested at late vegetative stage.
 At this stage regeneration, palatability, and quality is higher than at 50 % or 100 %
heading and also 1-2 extra cuttings and hence more fodder can be obtained.
Cutting Stages:
1. ‘Boot’ stage.
2. ‘Milk’ stage.
3. ‘Dough’ stage.
Cutting height:
The crop should always be harvested at least 4 inches from the ground level to facilitate
quick re growth.

22. Cutting levels
Crude protein Crude fibre
2009-10 2010-11 2009-10 2010-11
1st cut 2nd cut 1st cut 2nd cut 1stcut 2nd cut 1stcut 2nd cut
Single cut - 8.50 - 8.43 - 23.10 - 22.94
Double cut 18.68 8.87 18.56 8.68 19.15 21.84 18.95 21.80
SE(m)± - 0.06 - 0.04 - 0.15 - 0.13
CD (p=0.05) - 0.17 - 0.11 - 0.43 - 0.39
Source-Jehangir et al. 2013
TABLE 8. Crude protein and crude fibre content (%) of oats as affected by
cutting management

23. Cutting levels
Green fodder yield Dry matter yield
2009-10 2010-11 2009-10 2010-11
1st cut 2nd cut 1st cut 2nd cut 1stcut 2nd cut 1stcut 2nd cut
Single cut - 320.32 106.47
301.44
-
81.17
- 76.06
Double cut 107.44 260.15 243.94 19.25 62.89 18.32 58.78
SE(m)± - 3.24
3.03 0.69
- 0.77
CD (p=0.05) - 9.34
8.76
0.43 2.45 - 2.73
Source- Jehangir et al. 2013
TABLE 9. Green fodder and dry matter yield of oats (q ha-1) as affected by cutting
management.
Single cut (Cut at 50% flowering)
Double cut (Cut on 15th Dec. and 50% flowering)

24. Treatment Dry matter yield (t/ha)
At Ist cut (pooled data of 2003-04 to 2004-05) N0 N40 N80 N120 N160
C2 Ist cut at 50 DAS
C3 Ist cut at 60 DAS
CD (P=0.05)
0.31
1.01
1.13
1.57
1.41
2.06
0.15
1.61
2.49
1.70
2.56
At IInd cut (pooled data of 2003-04 to 2004-05)
N0 N40 N80 N120 N160
C1 Single cut at 50% flowering
C2 IInd cut at 50% flowering
C3 IInd cut at 50% flowering
CD (P=0.05)
5.63
2.73
2.26
7.20
4.33
2.93
8.36
5.30
3.89
0.45
9.44
6.20
4.60
9.60
6.43
4.81
TABLE 10. Interaction effect of cutting management and nitrogen level on dry matter
yield (t/ha) at Ist and IIndcut (pooled data of 2003-04t o 2004-05)
Source- Bhilare et al., (2007)
C1 Single cut at 50% flowering
C2 Ist cut at 50 DAS and IInd cut at 50% flowering
C3 Ist cut at 60 DAS and IInd cut at 50% flowering

25. Cutting treatment Dry matter yield(t/ha)
Seed yield
(t/ha)
Crude protein
(%)
CT1 1.98 1.86 14.41
CT2 3.31 1.77 13.03
CT3 5.35 1.48 10.39
CT4 7.41 1.41 8.67
CT5 14.29 - 7.79
CT6 - 2.19 -
LSD (0.01) 0.99 0.47 0.27
Source- Hussain et al. 1994
TABLE 11. Dry matter yield (t/ha), seed yield (t/ha) and crude protein contents (%)
of oats under different cutting intervals
CT1 cutting for fodder 70 days after sowing (DAS) and then for seed at maturity
CT2 cutting for fodder 85 DAS and then for seed at maturity
CT3 cutting for fodder 100 DAS and then for seed at maturity
CT4 cutting for fodder 115 DAS and then for seed at maturity
CT5 cutting at 50% flowering stage for fodder only
CT6 cutting for seed only at maturity.

26. Treatments
Green forage yield (q/ha) Crude protein yield (kg/ha)
L:S ratio
I cut II cut Total I cut II cut Total I cut II cut
Nitrogen levels (kg/ha)
0 61.15 141.76 202.94 87.47 144.87 322.34 2.61 0.61
40 116.52 238.96 355.45 172.79 327.45 500.24 2.28 0.49
80 147.27 322.17 469.45 225.47 417.11 742.58 2.10 0.41
120 174.52 394.38 568.90 268.42 701.47 969.89 1.96 0.35
CD 4.775 10.822 20.914 7.838 25.157 38.005 0.099 0.019
Varieties
Kent 133.81 286.34 420.15 232.43 439.04 746.46 2.51 0.53
JHO-822 118.90 265.63 265.63 153.65 351.91 505.56 2.00 0.41
JHO-851 121.89 270.98 270.98 179.54 402.22 581.76 2.21 0.46
CD (P=0.05) 5.132 11.454 11.454 8.008 23.349 38.210 0.089 0.017
Source- Gangwar 2008
TABLE 12. Effect of nitrogen levels on green forage yield (q/ha), crude protein yield
(kg/ha) in plant,) and L:S ratio of different oat varieties under double cutting

27. Treatments Cost of cultivation (₹/ha)
Gross Return (₹/ha) Net return
(₹/ha)
B:C ratio
Nitrogen levels (kg/ha)
0 12568.63 18261.90 3693.27 0.44
40 13017.29 31992.90 18975.61 1.45
80 13466 42250.20 28784.20 2.13
120 13914.66 51200.70 37286.04 2.67
Varieties
Kent 13241.64 37813.72 24572.08 1.82
JHO-822 13241.64 34607.47 21365.83 1.57
JHO-851 13241.64 35358.07 22116.43 1.63
TABLE 13. Economics of oat crop as influenced by nitrogen levels and different varieties
Source- Gangwar 2008

28. Treatments NPK uptake by plant (kg/ha)
N P K
I cut II cut Total I cut II cut Total I cut II cut Total
Nitrogen levels (kg/ha)
0 14.00 23.19 37.19 2.62 4.72 7.34 36.47 52.24 88.71
40 27.65 52.40 80.05 5.14 9.92 15.06 64.27 97.31 161.57
80 36.08 82.78 118.86 6.56 15.20 21.76 78.39 138.87 217.26
120 42.96 112.24 155.20 7.64 19.99 27.63 90.00 178.75 268.75
CD 1.530 3.079 5.681 0.268 0.569 0.934 3.627 6.535 6.028
Varieties
Kent 37.019 82.27 119.46 6.82 15.23 22.05 79.73 136.76 208.99
JHO-822 25.59 56.30 80.89 4.49 10.29 14.78 57.46 100.01 164.97
JHO-851 28.74 64.39 93.13 5.16 11.86 17.02 64.67 113.61 178.27
CD (P=0.05) 1.501 3.063 5.688 0.263 0.566 0.948 3.626 6.193 4.823
TABLE 14. Effect of nitrogen levels on nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium uptake
(kg./ha) by plant of different varieties of forage oat
Source- Gangwar 2008

29. Treatment
Plant
height(cm)
No. of tillers/
metre row
length
Leaf : stem
ratio (%)
Dry
matter
(g/plant)
Panicle
length
(cm)
1000-seed
weight (g)
Protein
(%)
Cutting management (C)
C0
C1
C2
CD (P=0.05)
146.2
130.7
120.5
9.19
108.3
108.2
96.2
7.61
77.6
80.4
81.0
2.53
3.48
3.24
2.93
0.19
27.8
25.9
22.4
1.59
37.7
36.7
35.7
0.70
9.7
9.4
8.9
0.34
Time of N application (N)
N1
N2
N3
CD (P=0.05)
126.3
133.1
138.0
9.91
98.5
106.5
107.7
7.61
77.6
80.3
81.0
2.53
3.12
3.17
3.36
0.19
24.0
25.5
26.7
1.59
36.1
36.8
37.3
0.70
8.9
9.4
9.6
0.34
C0: No Cutting
C1:Cutting at 30 DAS
C2:Cutting at 45 DAS
N1: (60+60) two equal split
N2: (60+30+30) at Basal, 30 DAS & 45 DAS
N3: (40+40+40) At Basal, 30 DAS and 45 DAS
TABLE 15. Effect of cutting management and split application of nitrogen on growth and
yield attributes and quality of oat crop at harvest (Pooled over 3 years)
Source-Patel et al. 2011

30. Treatment
Green fodder yield (t/ha) Cost of
cultivation
(₹/ha)
Net returns
(₹/ha)
Net B:C
ratio06-07 07-08 08-09
Cutting management (C)
C0
C1
C2
CD (P=0.05)
–
9.26
14.83
0.492
–
8.81
14.28
0.723
–
7.88
14.04
0.530
22,191
24,191
24,191
-
46,642
46,334
42,889
-
2.10
1.92
1.77
-
Time of N application (N)
N1
N2
N3
CD (P=0.05)
12.76
11.94
11.44
0.602
12.27
11.58
10.79
0.886
11.75
11.05
10.08
0.649
22,591
22,791
22,791
-
47,442
50,539
51,617
-
2.10
2.22
2.26
-
Source- Patel et al. 2011
TABLE 16. Effect of cutting management and time of nitrogen application on green fodder
yields (t/ha) and economics of production of oat.
C0: No Cutting N1: (60+60) two equal split
C1:Cutting at 30 DAS N2: (60+30+30) at Basal, 30 DAS & 45 DAS
C2:Cutting at 45 DAS N3: (40+40+40) At Basal, 30 DAS and 45 DAS

31. Treatment
Fresh weight (g
m-1 row length)
Total dry matter
accumulation (g
plant-1)
Green forage
yield (t ha-1)
Dry matter yield
(t ha-1)
Pooled mean of 2
years
Pooled mean of 2
years
Pooled mean
of 2 years
Pooled mean of
2 years
Genotype (G)
G1:Kent
G2:JHO-822
G3:JHO-99-2
S.Em. ±
1130.01
1162.45
1173.29
1.65
0.565
0.562
0.574
0.007
30.24
33.68
37.71
0.23
6.46
7.12
7.45
0.064
Nitrogen level (N, kg ha-1)
N1:90
N2:120
N3:150
S.Em. ±
1140.75
1155.34
1169.66
1.65
0.567
0.560
0.574
0.007
27.88
34.34
39.41
0.23
6.04
7.19
7.79
0.064
Cutting interval (C)
C1: 55 DAS
C2: 65 DAS
S.Em. ±
1153.80
1156.69
1.34
0.566
0.568
0.006
32.37
35.39
0.21
6.82
7.19
0.052
TABLE 17. Fresh weight (g m-1 row length), total dry matter accumulation (g plant-1),
green forage (t ha-1) and dry matter yield (t ha-1) of oat genotypes as
influenced by nitrogen level and cutting interval
Source-Patel and Alagundagi 2013

32. Treatment
Fresh weight (g m-
1 row length)
Total dry matter
accumulation (g
plant-1)
Green forage
yield (t ha-1)
Dry matter yield
(t ha-1)
Pooled mean of 2
years
Pooled mean of 2
years
Pooled mean
of 2 years
Pooled mean of
2 years
Interaction(G×N×C)
G1N1C1
G1N1C2
G1N2C1
G1N2C2
G1N3C1
G1N3C2
G2N1C1
G2N1C2
G2N2C1
G2N2C2
G2N3C1
G2N3C2
G3N1C1
G3N1C2
G3N2C1
G3N2C2
G3N3C1
G3N3C2
S.Em. ±
1111.44
1115.37
1125.40
1134.69
1146.41
1146.77
1148.03
1151.42
1157.45
1161.50
1176.91
1179.37
1159.42
1158.82
1176.66
1176.31
1182.51
1186.00
4.04
0.568
0.563
0.560
0.561
0.570
0.570
0.575
0.565
0.548
0.549
0.556
0.581
0.569
0.564
0.568
0.576
0.580
0.586
0.018
23.65
25.84
29.91
32.83
33.62
35.59
25.79
28.69
32.57
36.43
38.14
40.45
30.13
33.21
35.81
38.50
41.70
46.92
0.57
4.81
5.69
6.81
6.92
7.14
7.37
6.00
6.44
7.26
7.41
7.52
8.01
6.48
6.81
7.25
7.45
8.06
8.64
0.16
……..continued
Patel & Alagundagi (2013)

33. Treatments
Total Dry -
matter yield
(t/ha)
Total Crude-
protein yield
(kg/ha)
Digestible
dry-matter
yield (t/ha)
Cutting management
C1 Single cut at 50% flowering 8.05 788 5.00
C2 Ist cut at 50 DAS and IInd cut at 50% flowering 6.31 805 4.28
C3 Ist cut at 60 DAS and IInd cut at 50% flowering 5.63 674 3.86
CD (P=0.05) 0.26 32 0.19
Nitrogen (Kg/ ha)
00 4.11 330 2.80
40 5.32 586 3.82
80 7.01 778 4.63
120 8.11 995 5.28
160 8.37 1091 5.38
CD (P=0.05) 0.33 42 0.24
TABLE 18. Effect of cutting management and N levels on total dry-matter yield (t/ha),
crude protein yield (kg/ha) and digestible dry-matter yield (t/ha) of oat
(pooled data of 2003-04 to 2004-05)
Source-Bhilare et al., (2007)

34. Treatment
Leaf: stem ratio
(At harvest)
LAI (cm)
Forage yield (q ha-1)
55 DAS 85 DAS
Green forage
yield
Dry forage yield
Varieties
Kent 82.98 3.44 4.47 126.42 26.13
JHO-822 78.88 2.53 3.41 122.23 23.80
JHO-851 76.88 2.28 2.78 120.86 22.10
JHO-2000-4 81.07 2.70 3.88 123.53 25.00
CD(P=0.05) 4.18 0.181 0.210 3.14 1.61
Cutting Management
40 DAS 78.41 1.18 3.79 130.90 28.15
50 DAS 81.13 0.70 2.74 163.44 32.93
60 DAS 83.19 4.53 2.35 198.65 40.95
No cut 77.09 4.55 5.65 0.0 0.0
CD(P=0.05) 4.18 0.182 0.210 3.14 1.61
Source-Singh 2015
Table 19. Effect of cutting management in different varieties of forage oat on
Leaf:stem ratio (at harvest), LAI (cm), Forage yield (q ha-1 )

35. Conclusion
 Application of N @ 120 kg/ha under double cutting at 55
and 85 DAS found to be better for obtaining higher
green forage yield beside higher crude protein yield too.