GENERIC BSc Nursing 5th semester teaching and learning principle

2.  At the end of this session students will be
able to:
 Define learning cycles.
 Explain the models of Kolb & tayler and how
they impact on learning.
 Enlist types /learning styles.
 Explain the problem solving and learning
cycle.

3.  A framework, which provides a design for a
learning environment.
 Organization of course documents.
 Creating opportunities for problem solving.
 Interconnected learning tasks.
 Constant feedback.
 And ongoing change in course delivery.

5.  Learning Definition:
 The process whereby knowledge is created
through the transformation of experience.
 Knowledge results from the combination
from the grasping experience and
transforming it.- Kolb (1984, 41)

6.  David Kolb an American psychologist
presented the model in 1984.
 Kolb's proposed learning styles are one of the
best-known learning styles theories in
practice today.
 Kolb delivered that our learning styles
emerge due to three key influencers: our
genetics, life experiences and the demand of
our present environment.

8. 1. Concrete Experience-(Feeling) a new experience
of situation is encountered, or a reinterpretation
of existing experience.
2. Reflective Observation-(Watching) any
inconsistencies between experience and
understanding.
3. Abstract Conceptualization-(Thinking)
Reflection gives rise to a new idea, or a
modification of an existing abstract concept.
4. Active Experimentation-(Doing) The learner
applies them to the world around them to see
what results.

9. • East-West axis
Processing Continuum
(how we approach a
task)
• North-South axis
is called the perception
continuum (our
emotional response, or
how we think or feel)

10.  Diverging (Feeling & watching-CE/RO)
 Diverters’ dominant abilities tend to be
Concrete Experience and Reflective
Observation.
 Visualizing the “big picture” and organizing
smaller bits of information into a meaningful
whole.
 Creative, emotional, and wells of ideas.
 Musicians, artists, psychologists, and fine
arts.

11.  Assimilating (watching and thinking- AC/RO):
 Assimilators lean towards the areas of
Reflective Observation and Abstract
Conceptualization.
 Fascinated abstract ideas.
 Not concerned with the practical applications
of theories.
 Assimilators often thrive in STEM fields or
fields that involve planning and research.

12.  Converging (doing and thinking- AC/AE):
 People with this learning style have dominant
abilities in the areas of Abstract
Conceptualization and Active
Experimentation.
 Practical application of ideas and tend to do
best in situations with a problem that require
a singular, ideal solution.
 Typically use a trail and errors approach.
 Technical fields or action oriented jobs, such
as sales and marketing.

13.  Accommodating (doing and feeling- CE/AE):
 Strong inclinations towards Concrete
Experience and Active Experimentation.
 Tend to rely on others for information than
carry out their own analysis.
 They enjoy putting plans into motion
immediately and seeing real time results.

15.  First articulated by Marilyn Taylor in 1979,
then refined in 1987.
 Ensure stay focused on moving ahead, rather
than getting stuck in the “I’ve made a terrible
mistake” self-talk.
 Pattern of Disorientation, Exploration,
Reorientation, Equilibrium.
 Then, for lifelong learners, a new period of
Disorientation as the cycle begins again.

17.  Disorientation: Exposure to unfamiliar,
challenging state of confusion like new
technology, result in anxiety & loss of
confidence.
 Exploration: Able to identify problem, gather
information from different sources, develop
alternative solution.
 Reorientation: synthesis & integration of ideas,
own ways of learning explored. Other’s
facilitation may help. Self as a change agent.
 Equilibrium: Consolidation, elaboration, refining
applying new ideas and skills.

18.  Educators should ensure that the activities are
designed and carried out in ways that offer each
learner the chance to engage in the manner that
suits them best.
 Individuals can be helped to learn more
effectively by the identification of their lesser
preferred learning style and through the
strengthening of these.
 Teachers should assess the learning style of their
students and adapt their classroom methods to
best fit each student’s learning style.

19.  Although most people use a combination of the
learning styles, they usually have a clear
preference for one.
 Knowing and understanding the types of learning
styles is important for students of any age.
 It is advantageous for students to understand
their type of learning style on so that homework
and learning may become easier and less
stressful in the future.
 It’s important to practice and train the other
types of learning styles early on so that, one can
utilize the other types just as effectively.

20.  Visual learner prefer to use picture, images,
diagrams, colors, and mind map.
 Enjoy reading, have good handwriting, are very
detail-oriented, are organized, and have keen
awareness of colors and shapes.
 They remember people’s faces better then their
names, and they often need to maintain eye
contact with a person to concentrate on al
conversation.
 Visual learners often pursue careers such as
architecture, engineering, project management or
designs.

21. Attributes of the visual
learner:
 Create visual diagram
 Graphic results of a
survey
 Create a poster
 Draw a map
 Create a PowerPoint
 Create a video

22.  The verbal learner is someone who prefers using
words, both in speech and in writing to assist in
their learning. (notes Taking)
 They make the most of word based techniques,
scripting, and reading content aloud.
 They learn best by hearing and speaking.
 More talkative than the average person, are very
social, enjoy hearing stories and jokes,
understand concepts by taking about them, and
may excel in music or the performing arts.
 Verbal learners often pursue public speaking,
writing, administration, journalism or politics.

23. Attributes of the verbal
learner
 Teach concepts
 Write instructions
 Create Adds
 Keep a journal
 Re tell experience in won
words
 Teach concept mapping
 Write a story

24.  People who prefer using sound (obviously),
rhythms. music, recording, clever rhymes,
and so on.
 They remember names and recognize tone of
voice well, while not always remembering
people’s faces.
 They often hum or sing, and they may
whisper to themselves while reading.
 Aural learners often pursue careers such as
musician, recording engineer, speech
pathologist, or language teacher,

25. Attributes of the
auditory or aural
learner:
 Write a song
 Create dance
 Write a jingle
 Create a rhyme

26.  These are the “learn by doing”. People that
use their body to assist in their learning.
 Drawing diagrams, using physical objects, or
role playing are all strategies of the physical
learner.
 Interested in careers such emergency
services, safely representative, physical
education, or entertainment (such as acting
or dance).

27. Attributes of the
physical/kinesthetic
learner:
 Create a game
 Do an experiment
 Construct a model
 Built a
representation
 Create a sport

28.  The people who prefer using logic, reasoning,
and “systems” to explain or understand concepts.
 They aim to understand the reasons behind the
learning, and have a good ability to understand
the bigger picture.
 Logical learners often towards classifying and
grouping information to help them further
understand it.
 Pursue careers in fields such as scientific
research, accountancy, bookkeeping or computer
programming.

29. Attributes of the
Logical/Mathematical
Learner:
 Create a code make a
time line
 Compare contrast ideas
 Design a map
 Show a pattern
 Teach concept mapping

30.  These people are the ones who enjoy learning
in groups or with other people, and aim to
work with others as much as possible.
 Social learners may pursue counseling,
teaching, training and coaching, sales,
politics and human resources among others

31. Attributes of social
Learner:
 Hold discussions with
others
 Tell stories/Role play
 Surveys and interviews
others
 Teach a cooperative
game/ team work
 Mixed up and enjoy
social gatherings.

32.  The solitary learner prefers to learn alone and
through self-study
 Their concentration is at its best when focus
on thoughts and feelings without the
distraction of others.
 Authors and researchers often have a strong
solitary learning style.

33. Attributes of Solitary
Learner:
 Keep a journal
 Write about personal
experience
(autobiography)
 Think about, and plan
 Reads books
 Self study.

35.  Basavanthappa,B.T.(2003).NursingeducationNewDel
hi:JaypeeMedical publication.
 Billings,M.D.,&Halstead,A.J.(1998).Teachinginnursin
g.Aguideforfaculty St.Louis:W. B.Saunders.