GBSc.N TEACHING AND LEARNING PRINCIPLES 5TH SEMESTER.

1. Reflection and Critical Thinking
Burhan Uddin

2. Unit Objectives
Define reflection
List the Purposes of Reflection
Discuss the Process for Reflection
Explain Reflectivewriting
Discuss Do’sand Don'tsof Ref lections
Practice time

3. What is Reflection
"A process of looking back on what has been done and
pondering on it and learning lessons from what did or did
not work…. The act of deliberation, when the practitioner
consciously stops and thinkswhat shall I do now?"
(Conway 1994)

4. Definition
Critical thinking is the intellectually disciplined
process of actively and skillfully conceptualizing,
applying, analyzing, synthesizing, and/or
evaluating information gathered from, or
generated by, observation, experience,
reflection, reasoning, or communication, as a
guide to belief and action
Michael Scriven & Richard Paul 2015

5. Purposes of Reflection
Reflection is an active process of witnessing one’s own
experience in order to take a closer look at it,
sometimes to direct attention to it briefly, but often to
explore it in greaterdepth.

6.  Gain new insight.
 Gain new ideas.
 Acquire new understanding
 Enhance patient / client care.
Reflection is a purposeful Reflection helps us to:
and thoughtful activity to:
 Stand back and think of a
situation.
 Gain a new perspective.
 Make sense of our experiences.
 Construct meaning and
knowledge that guides actions in
practice.
Purposes of Reflection

7. Process for Reflection

8. Reflective Writing
Do’sand Don’ts
Practice Time

9. Practice Time
Academic Performance:
What did you learn in today’s session?
• How effective was it
• Where do you rate yourself after this session on the
scale of 1-10
Relationships and Collaboration (MOCK
Assignment):
What, if anything, have you done or said lately that may
have been considered bullying towards other students?

10. Critical Thinking
Objectives
Define Critical Thinking
Describe Critical Thinking In Nursing
Discuss Critical Thinking In Today’s Health Care
System

11. Definition
Critical thinking is the ability to recognize problems
and raise questions, gather
answers and solutions,
evidence to support
evaluate alternative
solutions, and communicate effectively with others
to implement solutions for the best possible
outcomes.
Foundation for Critical Thinking
http://www.criticalthinking.org/pages/defining-critical-thinking/766

12. Critical Thinking for Nurses
Standard protocols in nursing will work 99%
of the time, but what about that 100th time
when they don’t work? That’s when your
critical thinking skills can either save or cost
a life.

13. In Nursing, Critical Thinkers
Need To Be:
Precise
Complete
Logical
Accurate
Clear
Fair

14. ⚫Interpreting –
⚫Analyzing –
⚫Evaluating –
Based upon those three skills, the nursecan then use
clinical reasoning todeterminewhat the problem is:
⚫Explaining –
⚫Self regulating –
Key Critical Thinking Skills

15. Critical Thinking Pitfalls
1. Illogical processes…… “its always been like this”
2. Bias …………………….. “alcoholics may manipulate”
3. Close mindedness……. “Ignores others point of views”

16. Critical Thinking In Health
Care And Health Science
Although at one time we may have believed that
accumulation of experience would naturally lead to
better clinical reasoning and critical thinking, we
have learned that without a direct focus on the
critical thinking processes used to interpret,
analyze, infer, evaluate, and explain what is going
on, progress in clinical reasoning is an uncertain
outcome.

17. Critical Thinking Question #1
Someone falls out of a thirty story building,
but lives. With luck and their landing pad not
being factors, how could they have survived
the fall?

18. Critical Thinking Question # 2
There are a dozen eggs in a carton. Twelve
people each take a single egg, but there is one
egg left in thecarton. How?

19. Critical Thinking Question # 3
A boat has a ladder that’s ten feet long, and
hangs off the side of the boat, with its last two
feet submerged in water. If the ocean tide
rises five feet, how much of the ladder will be
underwater?

20. Critical Thinking Question # 4
There are ten birds perched on a fence. A
farmer aims his rifle and shoots one. How
many birds are left?

21. Critical Thinking Question # 5
Which countries have the 14th of August out
of Pakistan, India, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka,
Nepal?

22. Critical Thinking Question # 6
If you were alone in a dark cabin, with only
one match and a lamp, a fireplace, and a
candle to choose from, which would you light
first?

23. Critical Thinking Question # 7
“One day Kerry celebrated her birthday. Two days
later her older twin brother, Harry, celebrated
his birthday. Howcould that be?”
Think! What assumptions are you making about
this puzzle?