العدد الثاني

1. Jfuas No.2 December 2013
123
Evaluation of the larvicidal activity of the Ethanolic extract
some plant species against larvae of Anopheles arabiensis
(Patton) and Culex quinquefasciata (Say).
Ibrahim Elzeen Elameen Idriss: Biological Sciences, Education, AL- Fashir University,
Sudan.
d.ibrahim2000@gmail. com
.
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ĠØ
2006J2008­Ù
ĠªNicotiana tubacum¯Nicotiana rustica
ğCitrullus colocynthisGuiera senegalensis
Cymbopogon nervatusª­Anopheles
arabiensis(Patton)Culex quinquefasciatus.KË
Ĝªěª
ĠËFTemephosEKËğ
ªKËğ
ª­ĠKª­
ĩĠKË
ªKª¯
ªKªª
ªªĞFLD50Eª Ù×
ěĜ×FProbitEª
ª ú
FANOVAEªĦت

2. ‫اﻟﻔﺎﴍ‬ ‫ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ‬–‫ﻣﺠﻠﺔ‬‫اﻟﻌﻠﻮم‬‫اﻟﺘﻄﺒﻴﻘﻴﺔ‬-‫اﻟﻌﺪد‬‫اﻟﺜﺎين‬–‫دﻳﺴﻤﱪ‬2013‫م‬
124
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This study was carried out in El- Fashir and Khartoum State
during the period from January 2006- January 2008. The objectives of
the study was to evaluate the effect of the Ethanolic extracts from
Nicotiana tubacum (Tabg), Nicotiana rustica (Tumbac), Citrullus
colocynthis (Hanthal), Gusiera senegalensis (Gibeesh), and
Cymbopogon nernatus (Nal), against the mosquito larvae of
Anopheles arabiensis and Culex quinquefasciatua.
The susceptibility of the mosquito larval Anopheles arabiensis
and Culex quinquefasciatus was different mong the five plant species
and the standard synthetic larvicide Abate (Temephos). The plants
samples were collected from different areas around El- Fashir and
from Omdurman. Culex mosquito larvae were collected from different
areas in Khartoum, while the Anopheles larvae were reared in the
laboratory of malaria administration in Khartoum. The Ethanol
extracts was prepared from each plant. The laboratory tests of the

3. Jfuas No.2 December 2013
125
standard measurements were done in accordance to the
recommendations of the World Health Organization (WHO),. The
degree of Toxicity for each plant extract was estimated through the
50%lethal dose (LD50) of the tested mosquito larvae by the
application of Probit analysis. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was
also used to determine the significant differences existed between the
different concentrations of each plant extract and also the difference
between the types of the plants used or between the effects between
the two species of mosquito larvae.
The results showed that Culex mosquito species was more
sensitive to the extracts concentrations than Anopheles mosquito
larvae, and the highest concentrations of all plants extracts and Abate
gave best control against the larvae of both mosquitoes. All plants
extracts were effective against the larvae of both mosquitoes.
However Cymbopogon nernatus(Nal)and Gusiera
senegalensis(Gibeesh) ones gave better control compared to Nicotiana
tubacum (Tabg), Nicotiana rustica(Tumbac), Citrullus
colocynthis(Hanthal).
This study of the Ethnol extract and different concentrations for
all plants used suitability for controlling mosquito larvae, and
recommend their use as good substitutes for synthetic chemicals.
WIntroduction
Ùğ ªK
ªª ğĠª

4. ‫اﻟﻔﺎﴍ‬ ‫ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ‬–‫ﻣﺠﻠﺔ‬‫اﻟﻌﻠﻮم‬‫اﻟﺘﻄﺒﻴﻘﻴﺔ‬-‫اﻟﻌﺪد‬‫اﻟﺜﺎين‬–‫دﻳﺴﻤﱪ‬2013‫م‬
126
ªğͪ ğ
ĝ(Nuerin,2000)K
­Anopheles arabiensis(Patton)
Culex quinquefasciatua(Say)Í(Abd
Elnur,1998;Osmam,2003)K
ī­Ø××
ª ġÙ
Ùªª
ħª(Nuerin,2000)
ª ªħÙª­
ªĦ ħ
ËĦ Ğħ­ ­
ª­ªDLNĦ Ğ
BHCËDDTËØË
ª­(Braown et
al,1970; Akood,1980; Al Gaddal,1985;)ħª
×K
ª ªğ
ª
ª Ĩª
ª ª Ùª
Ùª K
Ù¯
ªª ğª
ªĨªª ğħ

5. Jfuas No.2 December 2013
127
ª ªªğª
ª ÙĞÙ ĠªK
ª ěġªªª ğ
ĜªÙªª ğ
ªğªª ğ‘
.
ª ×ġ¯
ª
Ùª­
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īª(Bay,1976;
Headly, 1971; Waner,1969)
¯ªWMaterial Methods
˪­Anopheles arabiensis(Patton)
ªªħ×
ª ğKªØ ­
ª ħK
˪ª­Culex quinquefasciatua (Say)
ĠªË×
Ù ĜªK
Ëğ¯ªFNicotiana tubacum¯Nicotiana
rusticağCitrullus colocynthisGusiera senegalensis
Cymbopogon nernatusEË˪
20¯¯

6. ‫اﻟﻔﺎﴍ‬ ‫ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ‬–‫ﻣﺠﻠﺔ‬‫اﻟﻌﻠﻮم‬‫اﻟﺘﻄﺒﻴﻘﻴﺔ‬-‫اﻟﻌﺪد‬‫اﻟﺜﺎين‬–‫دﻳﺴﻤﱪ‬2013‫م‬
128
Soxheltª
¯ĞKË
ªÙËğKË
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¯
(5%w/v)K
Ùª Ø(1%, 0,5% ,0,25%, 0125%, 00625%)
ÙØËĝØ(5%wlv)
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XY=QlZ
JXZğF250E
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ĠªAnopheles arabiensisCulex quinquefasciatuaË
ª¯ªĠĨ
ªËF15Eª ÙË
ªF250E
ª ÙK˪ ÙFEØ(0,05p.p.m)
Ø˪
Ġ˪˪ª Ħ
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ª ęª ÙğK

7. Jfuas No.2 December 2013
129
ĜªW
˯ú (ANOVA)
ªĦª Ø
ĦªĦª­ËĜ×
VersionF(Probitªª
ĠªĞĠĦ(LD50)ª Ù
× ě(Finney,1963; Busvine,1971; Sokal Roval)K
WResults
Ĝ×(Probit regression analysis)
˪ĞK
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Ø(1%, 0.5% ,0.25%,
0.125%, 0.625%KE
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ת ª­24K
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8. ‫اﻟﻔﺎﴍ‬ ‫ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ‬–‫ﻣﺠﻠﺔ‬‫اﻟﻌﻠﻮم‬‫اﻟﺘﻄﺒﻴﻘﻴﺔ‬-‫اﻟﻌﺪد‬‫اﻟﺜﺎين‬–‫دﻳﺴﻤﱪ‬2013‫م‬
130
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9. Jfuas No.2 December 2013
131
)3EĦĩĦد
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References:
1. Abd- El- Nur, O.M. (1998), Notes of diseass vectors in the
Sudan. National Health Laboratory, Conference for Malaria,
Malaria Administration, Ministry of Health, Khartoum, Sudan.

10. ‫اﻟﻔﺎﴍ‬ ‫ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ‬–‫ﻣﺠﻠﺔ‬‫اﻟﻌﻠﻮم‬‫اﻟﺘﻄﺒﻴﻘﻴﺔ‬-‫اﻟﻌﺪد‬‫اﻟﺜﺎين‬–‫دﻳﺴﻤﱪ‬2013‫م‬
132
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