nanotechnology

1. Application of Titanium
nanoparticles
By
Sulaiman Ishaq Muktar
20162418

2. Outline
• Introduction
• Synthesize of Titanium dioxide nanoparticles using Moringa oleifera
leaves and evaluation of wound healing activity.
• Effect of Titanium Nanoparticles (TiO2) on Growth, Yield and
Chemical Constituents of Coriander Plants.
• Enhanced biohydrogen and subsequent biomethane production from
sugarcane bagasse using nano-titanium dioxide pretreatment.
• References

3. Introduction
• Nanotechnology is emerging rapidly with the development of
nanoscale materials which have potential biomedical applications,
especially in fighting and preventing diseases.
• The new age drugs include the nanoparticles of polymers, metals,
ceramics which can fight against human pathogens like bacteria and
even cancer
• The importance of nanoparticles having potent bactericidal activity is
inevitable because of their effect against resistant strains of
pathogens.

4. • Nanoparticles increase the chemical activity due to their large surface
volume ratio
• In recent times in fact, the metallic nanoparticles have proven that
they are the most suited candidate among all the other nano particles
• Metal oxide nanoparticles (NPs) are known to possess strong
antimicrobial activity.
• Titanium nanoparticles are one of the most important metal oxide
nanoparticles compared to others and are used in glass ceramics,
catalyst, solar cell sensors, electric conductors and sun screen as well
as biological related aspects

6. Synthesize of Titanium dioxide nanoparticles using Moringa
oleifera leaves and evaluation of wound healing activity
• Wounds are among major world-wide clinical problems because of
morbidity associated with prolonged periods required for repair and
regeneration of the injured tissue, bleeding,risk for infections and scar
formation.
• Due to the increment in the proportion of aged people’s population in the
coming decades, the wound healing process cost in clinical aspect may
likely to increase.
• Bacteria can easily contaminate the surface of wounds and access the
underlying tissue, thereby delaying the healing process
• Considering that resistance against newly approved antibiotics developed
within two years, there is an urgent need for newer generation of
antibiotics to fight infections.

7. Materials and methods
• Preparation of Titanium nanostructures
• For the preparation of aqueous leaf
extract (ALE) solution of M. oleifera, 10 g
of M. oleifera powder + 100 ml of
deionized water, heat at 60°C for 10 min
to kill the pathogens.
• Then filtered using Whatman No. 1 filter
paper.
• Titanium dioxide nanoparticles were
synthesized by adding 10 ml of filtered
ALE solution to 90 ml of 5 mM
• Titanium dioxide solution (pH 1.5) in an
Erlenmeyer flask under stirring at 50°C.

8. • After 5 h, the developed dark brown colour confirmed the formation
of Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiNPs).
• Centrifugation at 10,000 rpm for 15 min and thus separated Titanium
dioxide nanoparticles (TiNPs) and were dried.

9. Characterization techniques
• UV–Vis spectral analysis
• SEM analysis of Titanium nanoparticles
• Excision and treatment on animals
• The wound healing activity was examined upon the Male albino rats
of Wistar strain with weight of 160–1100 g
• The rats were housed in spacious polypropylene cages bedded with
rice husk and the room was well ventilated maintained under
standard experimental conditions (temperature 27°C and 12 h
light/dark cycle) throughout the experimental periods.

10. • The animals were distributed into various groups as where
Group I is treated with gel alone to serve as self immunity,
Group II animals are treated with gel based ointment (TiNPs + gel).
 The standard drug sulfadiazine purchased from medical store was
treated on Group III (sulfadiazine + gel) animals.
• Each group has six animals

11. Comparison of wound healing activity of Group I (control group), Group II (TiNPs)
and Group III (standard drug).

12. Wound healing treatment

13. Conclusion
• Titanium dioxide and the use of M. oleifera leaf extract for the
biosynthesize of Titanium dioxide nanoparticles. This simple, cost
effective, time saving and environmental friendly synthetic method
gives a potential avenue for various applications
• The eco-friendly green chemistry approach using leaf extract for the
synthesize of nanoparticles will increase the economic viability and
sustainable management.
• Preparation of nano-titanium gel using bio synthesized Titanium
nanoparticles is a highly effective technique towards the wound
healing and opens a new paradigm of medical research

15. Materials and Methods
• Field Experiment
• Experiments were carried out at a Farm in Sakara, Giza , Egypt .
During two successive seasons, 2011/2012 and 2012/2013.
• The experimental plot area was 2 m x 4m
• The planting distance was 30 cm apart and it was 50 cm between
lines

16. The soil chemical analysis for the two seasons

17. measurem
ents
Season
2011-2012
Season
2012-2013
Soil depth
(Cm)
0-60 0-60
pH (1:2.5) 7.2 7.5
E.C.
(mmhos/C
m)
1.37 0.6
Calcium
Carbonates
(%)
7.1 7.4
Soluble
anions
(meq/L)
K+ Na+ Mg+2 Ca+2 K+ Na+ Mg+2 Ca+
0.97 2. 2 2.8 2.0 0.42 2.43 0.8 4.8
Soluble
anions
(meq/L)
SO4-2 Cl- HCO3
- CO3
-2 SO4
-2 Cl- HCO3
- CO3
-2
4.77 1. 1 1.2 - 3.21 1.25 2.8 -

18. • Preparation of TiO2 Nanoparticles
• Titanium nanoparticles (TiO2) were prepared by laser ablation of a
titanium plate (99.9% purity) in 10 ml deionized water . Q-switched
Nd: YAG (Quantel) pulse laser generating 8 ns pulses at the
wavelength of 1064 nm with a repetition rate of 10 Hz and the
focused energy density was 400 mJ cm_2, using a 100 mm focal
length lens on the metal plate immersed in water.
• Characterization of TiO2 Nanoparticles

19. TEM imaging of the prepared TiO2 nanoparticles revealed a spherical shape of the
particles, with an average size of 20 ±2.0 nm (inset shows electron diffraction pattern).

20. Results
Effect of different concentrations of TiO2 NPs foliar spray on growth and yield (g/pl.) of coriander
during 2012 and 2013.
2011/2012 2012/2013
Control Ti Nps Control Ti Nps
plant heigth (cm) 69.13 105.2 75.3 106.5
No of branches (branch per plant) 4.8 6.9 5.2 7.4
Fruit yield (g/pl) 16.38 31.5 19.11 26.96
Chlorophyll a 2.69 2.812 2.75 2.833
Chlorophyll b 2.04 2.229 2.137 2.25
Carotenoids 0.952 1.27 1.023 1.287
Amino Acid 0.095 0.645 0.176 0.734
Sugars 0.72 1.254 0.75 1.206
Phenols 1.604 1.901 1.668 2.03
Indoles 1.87 2.2 1.758 2.242
N % 1.54 2.75 1.694 3.08
P% 0.414 0.546 0.4554 0.6006
K% 4.8 6.7 5.28 7.37
Protein 9.63 17.21 10.593 19.28

21. CONCLUSION
• TiO2 nanoparticles had significant effects on the total chlorophyll-a,
chlorophyll-b, carotenoids, sugars, aminoacids, indoles, phenols,
nitrogen, potassium, phosphorus, yield and plant growth
characteristics of coriander.
• The results shows strong evidence for the high efficiency of this new
nanofertilizer on plant growth enhancement.
• These powerful and inexpensive NPs could replace traditional
methods of plant growth enhancement.
• Further developments in nanotechnology in this sector could have
large-scale economic implications and multiple benefits for
consumers, producers, and farmers.

23. • Nano-titanium dioxide (nanoTiO2) under ultraviolet irradiation (UV) followed by
dilute sulfuric acid hydrolysis of sugarcane bagasse was used to enhance the
production of biohydrogen and biomethane in a consecutive dark fermentation
and anaerobic digestion.
• Different concentrations of 0.001, 0.01, 0.1 and 1 g nanoTiO2/L under different
UV times of 30, 60, 90 and 120 min were used. Sulfuric acid (2% v/v) at 121 C was
used for 15, 30 and 60 min to hydrolyze the pretreated bagasse.
• For acidic hydrolysis times of 15, 30 and 60 min, the highest total free sugar
values were enhanced by 260%, 107%, and 189%, respectively, compared to
samples without nanoTiO2 pretreatment. The highest hydrogen production
samples for the same acidic hydrolysis times showed 88%, 127%, and 25%
enhancement.
• The maximum hydrogen production of 101.5 ml/g VS (volatile solids) was
obtained at 1 g nanoTiO2/L and 120 min UV irradiation followed by 30 min acid
hydrolysis

24. Materials and methods
• Sugarcane bagasse
• Anaerobic sludge
• Pretreatment of sugarcane bagasse using nanoTiO2/UV irradiation
• HPLC
• Gas chromatograph
• Scanning electron microscopy (SEM)

25. The concentration of NanoTiO2 and UV irradiation time were the main
variables of
NanoTiO2 pretreatment (TP),
Sulfuric acid hydrolysis (AH),
NanoTiO2 pretreatment-sulfuric acid hydrolysis (TP-AH),
Untreated bagasse (R),
• TP (nanoTiO2 concentration (g/L), UV irradiational time (min)), AH
(hydrolysis time (min)), and TP-AH (nanoTiO2 concentration (g/L), UV
irradiational time (min), hydrolysis time (min)).

26. Cumulative methane production from the raw and treated
sugarcane
bagasse.
R :TP-AH (0,0,0)
A :TP-AH (0.001 g/L, 60 mins,15 mins )
B :TP-AH (1 g/L,120 mins,30 mins )
C :TP-AH (1 g/L,60 mins ,60 mins)

27. Biomethane (black) and biohydrogen (white) production from the raw and
treated sugarcane bagasse in the sequencing two-step dark fermentation–anaerobic
digestion.
R :TP-AH (0,0,0)
A :TP-AH (0.001 g/L, 60 mins,15 mins )
B :TP-AH (1 g/L,120 mins,30 mins )
C :TP-AH (1 g/L,60 mins ,60 mins)

28. Conclusion
• Pretreatment of bagasse using nano-titanium dioxide before acid hydrolysis
significantly improved the hydrogen production efficiency of dark
fermentation.
• The effects of nano-titanium dioxide pretreatment were destruction of
surface morphology and reduction of crystallinity. In fact, the operational
conditions of acid hydrolysis was changed using nano-titanium dioxide
pretreatment (reduction of temperature, time duration, and acid
concentration) in a way that not only energy saves but also destruction of
released sugars and production of inhibitor is declined.
• Dark fermentation not only released some energy in the form of
biohydrogen, but also facilitated the anaerobic digestion of bagasse by
enhancing its biomethane efficiency.

29. Thank You

30. References
• V. Sivaranjani, P. Philominathan .Synthesize of Titanium dioxide nanoparticles using
Moringa oleifera leaves and evaluation of wound healing activity, Wound Medicine 12
(2016) 1–5.
• C.K. Sen, G.M. Gordillo, S. Roy, Human skin wounds: a major and snowballing threat to
public health and the economy, J. Wound Repair Regen. 17 (2009) 763–771
• R. Shankar, R. Dhivya, K. Subramanian, V.J. Ravikumar, Wound healing activity of
Origanum vulgare engineered titanium dioxide nanoparticles in Wistar albino rats, J.
Mater. Sci.: Mater. Med. 25 (2014) 1701–1708
• Mohamed S. khater, Effect of Titanium Nanoparticles (TiO2) on Growth, Yield and
Chemical Constituents of Coriander Plants. Arab Journal of Nuclear Science and
Applications, 48(4), (187-194) 2015.
• Omid Jafari, Hamid Zilouei, Enhanced biohydrogen and subsequent biomethane
production from sugarcane bagasse using nano-titanium dioxide pretreatment.
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