This document provides a history of virtualization from its origins at MIT in the 1960s to modern virtualization platforms. It discusses early virtual machine technologies developed by IBM, the first PC emulator SoftPC, and how this led to virtualization programs like VMWare, VirtualBox, and Hyper-V. The document then compares current virtualization platforms like VMWare ESXi, Hyper-V, and XenServer, detailing their key features. It also covers virtualization disasters and recovery methods like backups, before discussing emerging technologies like cloud computing. The goal is to provide an overview of virtualization past and present along with considerations for backup and disaster recovery in virtualized environments.
4. History of virtualization
• MIT’s Project MAC
– Batch processing
– Time sharing
– Multiple Access Computer
July 1, 1963
5. History of virtualization
Virtual Machines.
– CP-40/CP-67
• User interaction
• Virtual Machines
– CP/CMS
• Control Program
• Console Monitor System
IBM mainframe -System/360
7. History of virtualization
Software PC emulator
SoftPC from Insignia Solutions.
• 1987 - 1st of a kind:
– DOS apps on Unix
• 1989 – keep growing:
– DOS Win apps on Mac
• 1997 – competitors…
SoftPC in 1992
8. History of virtualization
Followers of SoftPC:
• Apple Virtual PC
• VMWare workstation
• Citrix - Xen
• Microsoft Virtual PC
Vmware Workstation running on MS Windows XP
emulate MS Windows NT.
9. Current state
• Hypervisor - a piece of computer software, firmware or
hardware that creates and runs virtual machines.
Type 1
• Vmware ESXi
Type 2
• MS Virtual PC
• Vmware WorkStation
• Virtual Box
Type 0
• MS Hyper-V
• Citrix XenServer
10. Current state
VM - is a software implementation of a machine (i.e. computer)
that executes programs like a physical machine.
11. Who is who
• VMware ESXi
• Microsoft Hyper-V
• XenServer
12. Who is who
VMware ESXi
• Hypervisor type 1
• VM as a bunch of files
– .vmx
– .vmdk
• VM as a process
15. Who is who
VMware ESXi
• Pros
– ease of management
– user/admin friendly
– Scalability
– Stability
– long history
• Cons
– Costs
– Obsolete limitations
19. Who is who
• Microsoft Hyper-V
• Pros
– low prices
– most Enterprise level features are free
– support modern requirements for hardware
• Cons
– part of hypervisor - Windows OS
– CSV
– some daily basics require lot's of PowerShell
scripting
23. Disasters and recovery
What to do – benefits being virtual.
VM is a bunch of files. We can:
• copy VM files and use them to recreate VM
• collect changes and save them
• Copy only useful files (ex. user data)
24. Disasters and recovery
VM Backup requirements:
•
•
•
•
Do not affect production
Fast
Reliable
Easy to restore
28. Disasters and recovery
Restore from backup
– File level restore:
recover an individual file
from Guest file system
– VM restore:
restore VM files and
register them as VM
29. Disasters and recovery
Restore from backup
– Instant Recovery
Why should we restore VM if we can start it directly from backup?
30. What to next?
Clouds
Use cases:
–
–
–
–
–
Data analisys
Hardware independent
High available apps
Gaming apps
Web and Mobile apps
Today’s implementations:
• Vmware vCloud Director
• Commercial clouds:
Google, Amazon, HP
34. Q&A
• History of virtualization
How MIT’s Project MAC (Multiple Access Computer) became VMware
VDI
• Current state
Hypervisor as is. Description of basics, workflows.
• Who is who
Realities of modern virtualized world. Biggest players and
solutions, major differences between VMware and Hyper-V
hypervisors.
• Disasters and recovery
Downside of virtualization. Issues with VMs and ways to survive
them.
• What to next?
What should we expect from virtualization in nearest future?
Reversed -1st on the market. Disk-to-disk backup mode
- Agentless backup- data flowCBTetc
Real life example – exchange restore.
Performance of respore, disk-to-disk benefitsSure backup featureReference to pixar movie
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