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Breeding Techniques for Vegetables
The document discusses various plant breeding techniques used by amateur plant breeders, including selection, inbreeding to fix desirable genes, making F1 hybrids, using F2 generations, outcrossing, backcrossing, and introducing new mutations. It provides examples of how to apply these techniques to develop new plant varieties through several generations of self-pollination and selection. The goal is to breed plants with specific desirable traits while maintaining all other traits of the original variety.
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Breeding Techniques for Vegetables
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- 2. Seed School Breeding Techniques Tim Peters Trick Resources #6 Outcome
- 3. “All our majorfood crops were originally developed by amateurs. Until recently, all gardeners and farmers saved their own seed; all gardeners and farmers were automatically amateur plant breeders -- and amateur plant breeding was the only kind of plant breeding there was.” Carol Deppe
- 4. basic plant breeding • selection/evaluation • inbreeding (fixing genes) • making F1 hybrids • using F2 hybrids • outcrossing • backcrossing • recurrent backcrossing • new mutations • wide crosses 1Breed Your Own Vegetable Varieties, Carol Deppe, Little, Brown and Company, 1993
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- 6. inbreeding, fixing genes Y y YY Yy yy YY YY Yy yy yy “To develop an inbred line, just self-pollinate a few plants for two to four generations. Then maintain the lines normally.” Breed Your Own Vegetable Varieties, Carol Deppe, Little, Brown and Company, 1993
- 7. Making F1 hybrids Y Y y y Y y Y y Y y Y y Genotype = 4 - Y y Phenotype = 4 - yellow Introduction to Genetic Analysis. 4th Ed. 1989. Suzuki, Griffiths, Miller, and Lewontin. W.H. Feeman and Co. Chapt. 2.
- 8. Use F2’s Yy Y y Y y YY Y y y y Genotype = 1 YY : 2 Y y : 1 y y Phenotype = 3 yellow : 1 green
- 9. outcrossing The majorityof lines selected are likely to be retained. Mass selection can effect improvement in land varieties. The basis of improvement in less developed agricultural areas. Residue remaining after discarding the obviously unproductive or defective lines retains the best features of the original variety. Principles of Plant Breeding, Allard, 1st Edition, 1960.
- 10. backcrossing Cross yourselected F2 with the parent. If you do this over and over with the “recurrent” parent, this is called recurrent backcrossing. Recurrent backcrossing is useful only with dominant genes. This is useful especially when you want one trait from a given variety and want the rest of the traits to be identical to your established variety. Once you find what you want in an F2, backcrossing allows you to eliminate nearly all of the genes of the other variety except the ones you are specifically selecting for in each generation. 1Breed Your Own Vegetable Varieties, Carol Deppe, Little, Brown and Company, 1993
- 11. using mutations EverbearingStrawberries
- 12. wide crosses Matt’sWild Cherry Tomato
- 13. basic breeding example do the cross raise a few F1’s raise 20 or more F2’s if you find what you want, self-pollinate. select. repeat. evaluate F4’s, F5’s, F6’s rogue where necessary if you don’t find what you want, use what you have learned. try a different cross raise more F2’s evaluate F3’s, F4’s, etc. 1Breed Your Own Vegetable Varieties, Carol Deppe, Little, Brown and Company, 1993
- 14. tim peters trick 1Breed Your Own Vegetable Varieties, Carol Deppe, Little, Brown and Company, 1993
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- 18. Seed Production Guides http://campus.extension.org/course/view.php?id=377
- 19. Seed School Breeding Techniques Tim Peters Trick Resources #6 Outcome