Study of the Pipeline Network Planned in the Humber Region of the UK, Xiaobo Luo, University of Hull. Presented at CO2 Properties and EoS for Pipeline Engineering, 11th November 2014
Study of the Pipeline Network Planned in the Humber Region of the UK, Xiaobo Luo, University of Hull. Presented at CO2 Properties and EoS for Pipeline Engineering, 11th November 2014
Validation of Experimental and Numerical Techniques for Flow Analysis over an...IJERA Editor
The impact of improvement in vehicle aerodynamics mainly reflects in lower fuel consumption and lower carbon dioxide emissions into the atmosphere. The governments of many countries support continuous aerodynamics’ improvement programs as a way of mitigating the energy crisis and atmospheric pollution. This work has the main goal to validate experimental and numerical techniques for application in road vehicles. The experimental results were obtained through the analysis of the flow around a standard body with simple geometry called Ahmed Body, using hot wire anemometry from experiments in wind tunnel. It was also proposed a computational validation using a commercial software (Star CCM +) to further analyze the flow and to corroborate the experimental results. Both results were compared and allowed characterizing the flow around the vehicle. The results obtained analyzing the Ahmed Body aimed further application on aerodynamics of heavyduty vehicles, which is an ongoing research being developed at the Experimental Aerodynamics Research Center – CPAERO, in Brazil.
This document reports on analyses and experimentation conducted on a Quadrafire Classic Bay 1200 pellet stove to increase its efficiency and reduce emissions. The researchers have developed a theoretical model that characterizes the stove's heating output as a continuous function of distance along the heat exchanger, accounting for both convection and radiation heat transfer. Their experiments involved upgrading instrumentation to directly measure airflow rates and temperatures, validating assumptions in the previous model. Key findings include radiation significantly influencing heat output and an air-rich firepot reaction that reduces combustion efficiency. The updated model and experiments provide a foundation for redesigning the stove.
New Guideline on Air Quality Models and the Electric Utility IndustrySergio A. Guerra
The new EPA guideline on air quality models makes several changes, including adopting AERMOD version 16216r as the new default model. It establishes a two-tiered approach for modeling ozone and secondary PM2.5 formation, using existing empirical relationships (Tier 1) or chemical transport models (Tier 2). CALPUFF is no longer preferred for long-range transport modeling beyond 50 km. The guideline also allows the use of prognostic meteorological data in some cases. While the changes aim to promote consistency, the increased flexibility may lead to legal challenges and delays.
This document presents a comparative study of the thermodynamic and economic performance of three organic Rankine cycle (ORC) configurations - a basic ORC, a regenerative ORC (RORC), and a two-stage evaporation ORC (TSEORC) - for geothermal electricity production in developed and developing countries. The study optimizes operating parameters of the cycles using different methods and evaluates economic performance based on levelized cost of electricity, return on investment, and payback period for 20 countries with geothermal resources. The results show that a TSEORC with working fluid R123 has the highest return on investment and shortest payback period for Australia, while basic ORC with R134a and R
Investigation of particulate control in thermal power plant usingIAEME Publication
This document analyzes particulate control in a thermal power plant using an electrostatic precipitator (ESP). It investigates ESP performance at the Korba East Phase III power plant in India. Mathematical models are used to predict emission levels based on ESP dimensions and migration velocity. The models show that higher migration velocity and fly ash percentage lead to lower required collection area to meet emissions standards. Upgrading ESPs with advanced control systems is a more cost effective solution than increasing ESP size.
An Offshore Natural Gas Transmission Pipeline Model and Analysis for the Pred...IOSRJAC
The purpose of this paper is to model and analyze an existing natural gas transmission pipeline – the 24-inch, 5km gas export pipeline of the Amenam-Kpono field, Niger Delta, Nigeria – to determine properties such as pressure, temperature, density, flow velocity and, in particular, dew point, occurring at different segments of the pipeline, and to compare these with normal pipeline conditions in order to identify the segments most susceptible to condensation/hydrate formation so that cost-effective and efficient preventive/remedial actions can be taken. The analysis shows that high pressure and low temperature favor condensation/hydrate formation, and that because these conditions are more likely in the lower half of the pipeline system, remedial/preventive measures such as heating/insulation and inhibition injection should be channeled into that segment for cost optimization..
Optimization of performance and emission characteristics of dual flow diesel ...eSAT Journals
Abstract
Depleting sources of fossil fuels coupled with after effects of exhaust gases on environment i.e. global warming and climate change has necessitated the need for development and use of alternate biodegradable fuels. In this present study optimization of performance and emission characteristics has been carried out using dual flow of CNG and Diesel with varying EGR under varying load by Taguchi method. Optimum values of output response parameters have been calculated with the help of regression equation and influence of various factors on output response has carried out with the help of analysis of variance.
Keywords: Taguchi method, CNG, EGR, biodegradable fuels
Greenhouse Gas Emissions From Land Applied Swine Manure: Development of Metho...LPE Learning Center
For more: http://www.extension.org/67579 A new method was used at the Ag 450 Farm Iowa State University (41.98N, 93.65W) from October 24, 2012 through December 14, 2012 to assess GHG emission from land-applied swine manure on crop land. Gas samples were collected daily from four static flux chambers. Gas method detection limits were 1.99 ppm, 170 ppb, and 20.7 ppb for CO2, CH4 and N2O, respectively. Measured gas concentrations were used to estimate flux using four different models, i.e., (1) linear regression, (2) non-linear regression, (3) non-equilibrium, and (4) revised Hutchinson & Mosier (HMR). Sixteen days of baseline measurements (before manure application) were followed by manure application with deep injection (at 41.2 m3/ha), and thirty seven days of measurements after manure application.
Validation of Experimental and Numerical Techniques for Flow Analysis over an...IJERA Editor
The impact of improvement in vehicle aerodynamics mainly reflects in lower fuel consumption and lower carbon dioxide emissions into the atmosphere. The governments of many countries support continuous aerodynamics’ improvement programs as a way of mitigating the energy crisis and atmospheric pollution. This work has the main goal to validate experimental and numerical techniques for application in road vehicles. The experimental results were obtained through the analysis of the flow around a standard body with simple geometry called Ahmed Body, using hot wire anemometry from experiments in wind tunnel. It was also proposed a computational validation using a commercial software (Star CCM +) to further analyze the flow and to corroborate the experimental results. Both results were compared and allowed characterizing the flow around the vehicle. The results obtained analyzing the Ahmed Body aimed further application on aerodynamics of heavyduty vehicles, which is an ongoing research being developed at the Experimental Aerodynamics Research Center – CPAERO, in Brazil.
This document reports on analyses and experimentation conducted on a Quadrafire Classic Bay 1200 pellet stove to increase its efficiency and reduce emissions. The researchers have developed a theoretical model that characterizes the stove's heating output as a continuous function of distance along the heat exchanger, accounting for both convection and radiation heat transfer. Their experiments involved upgrading instrumentation to directly measure airflow rates and temperatures, validating assumptions in the previous model. Key findings include radiation significantly influencing heat output and an air-rich firepot reaction that reduces combustion efficiency. The updated model and experiments provide a foundation for redesigning the stove.
New Guideline on Air Quality Models and the Electric Utility IndustrySergio A. Guerra
The new EPA guideline on air quality models makes several changes, including adopting AERMOD version 16216r as the new default model. It establishes a two-tiered approach for modeling ozone and secondary PM2.5 formation, using existing empirical relationships (Tier 1) or chemical transport models (Tier 2). CALPUFF is no longer preferred for long-range transport modeling beyond 50 km. The guideline also allows the use of prognostic meteorological data in some cases. While the changes aim to promote consistency, the increased flexibility may lead to legal challenges and delays.
This document presents a comparative study of the thermodynamic and economic performance of three organic Rankine cycle (ORC) configurations - a basic ORC, a regenerative ORC (RORC), and a two-stage evaporation ORC (TSEORC) - for geothermal electricity production in developed and developing countries. The study optimizes operating parameters of the cycles using different methods and evaluates economic performance based on levelized cost of electricity, return on investment, and payback period for 20 countries with geothermal resources. The results show that a TSEORC with working fluid R123 has the highest return on investment and shortest payback period for Australia, while basic ORC with R134a and R
Investigation of particulate control in thermal power plant usingIAEME Publication
This document analyzes particulate control in a thermal power plant using an electrostatic precipitator (ESP). It investigates ESP performance at the Korba East Phase III power plant in India. Mathematical models are used to predict emission levels based on ESP dimensions and migration velocity. The models show that higher migration velocity and fly ash percentage lead to lower required collection area to meet emissions standards. Upgrading ESPs with advanced control systems is a more cost effective solution than increasing ESP size.
An Offshore Natural Gas Transmission Pipeline Model and Analysis for the Pred...IOSRJAC
The purpose of this paper is to model and analyze an existing natural gas transmission pipeline – the 24-inch, 5km gas export pipeline of the Amenam-Kpono field, Niger Delta, Nigeria – to determine properties such as pressure, temperature, density, flow velocity and, in particular, dew point, occurring at different segments of the pipeline, and to compare these with normal pipeline conditions in order to identify the segments most susceptible to condensation/hydrate formation so that cost-effective and efficient preventive/remedial actions can be taken. The analysis shows that high pressure and low temperature favor condensation/hydrate formation, and that because these conditions are more likely in the lower half of the pipeline system, remedial/preventive measures such as heating/insulation and inhibition injection should be channeled into that segment for cost optimization..
Optimization of performance and emission characteristics of dual flow diesel ...eSAT Journals
Abstract
Depleting sources of fossil fuels coupled with after effects of exhaust gases on environment i.e. global warming and climate change has necessitated the need for development and use of alternate biodegradable fuels. In this present study optimization of performance and emission characteristics has been carried out using dual flow of CNG and Diesel with varying EGR under varying load by Taguchi method. Optimum values of output response parameters have been calculated with the help of regression equation and influence of various factors on output response has carried out with the help of analysis of variance.
Keywords: Taguchi method, CNG, EGR, biodegradable fuels
Greenhouse Gas Emissions From Land Applied Swine Manure: Development of Metho...LPE Learning Center
For more: http://www.extension.org/67579 A new method was used at the Ag 450 Farm Iowa State University (41.98N, 93.65W) from October 24, 2012 through December 14, 2012 to assess GHG emission from land-applied swine manure on crop land. Gas samples were collected daily from four static flux chambers. Gas method detection limits were 1.99 ppm, 170 ppb, and 20.7 ppb for CO2, CH4 and N2O, respectively. Measured gas concentrations were used to estimate flux using four different models, i.e., (1) linear regression, (2) non-linear regression, (3) non-equilibrium, and (4) revised Hutchinson & Mosier (HMR). Sixteen days of baseline measurements (before manure application) were followed by manure application with deep injection (at 41.2 m3/ha), and thirty seven days of measurements after manure application.
A simplified thermal model for the three way catalytic converter (1)Varun Pandey
This document presents a simplified thermal model for predicting the temperature evolution of a three-way catalytic converter (TWC) during cold start conditions. The model uses a semi-empirical approach based on energy and mass balances within the TWC, which is treated as a control volume. The model consists of submodels to represent oxygen storage, static conversion efficiency maps, and dynamic thermal behavior. Parameters for the heat transfer equations are identified using experimental temperature measurements along the length of the TWC monolith during testing on an engine test bench.
LCE 2016 BERLIN - ecoPROSYS Presentation by A.J. BaptistaAntónio J. Baptista
This document describes the application of the ecoPROSYS methodology to assess the eco-efficiency of a medium density fiberboard finishing line. The methodology integrates environmental performance evaluation, life cycle assessment, and value modelling to generate eco-efficiency profiles. It was applied to map the finishing line processes, assess environmental impacts and costs, and identify opportunities to improve eco-efficiency. The results showed the environmental influence and value indicators for each process, as well as an overall eco-efficiency indicator. The methodology allows simulation of alternatives to support continuous improvement decisions for production systems.
Solution to AERMOD/PRIME PM10 Overpredictions for Extremely Short, Long and W...Sergio A. Guerra
The current formulation in AERMOD/PRIME is prone to downwash overestimations as documented by Petersen et al. Some of these overpredictions can be minimized by conducting a wind tunnel study to refine the building inputs used in AERMOD/PRIME for critical stacks and wind directions. Most of the wind tunnel studies conducted to date involve taller building structures of at least 20 meters in height. However, a recent wind tunnel study was conducted for the Basic American Foods, Blackfoot, Idaho facility, which has extremely short buildings (7 to 12 meters in height) with very long and wide footprints and many exhaust stacks which are less than 25 meters above ground
The wind tunnel study confirmed that AERMOD was vastly overstating downwash effects for certain critical wind directions. In some cases, AERMOD-predicted concentrations were almost four times higher without the wind tunnel refinements. This study indicates that the previously identified tendency of AERMOD to overpredict downwash using the traditional BPIP-derived building inputs also applies to sites with shorter buildings. Because shorter buildings with shorter stacks are common in many sources subject to the minor New Source Review program (such as most food and beverage and manufacturing facilities), AERMOD’s overpredictions may be causing significantly higher predicted concentrations for many industrial sources.
This paper describes the wind tunnel study performed for this site, presents the benefits obtained from these building input refinements, and reviews comments received on the project from regulatory agencies.
This document discusses formulas for calculating the heating value of coal and coal char based on their composition. It describes the development of several existing formulas and presents the results of tests of four formulas on a database of 775 coal samples. A new formula is developed through regression analysis of the database that shows less bias and a lower standard deviation than the existing formulas tested. The accuracy of the new formula is comparable to a more complex existing formula but does not require determining pyritic sulfur content.
International Journal of Computational Engineering Research (IJCER) is dedicated to protecting personal information and will make every reasonable effort to handle collected information appropriately. All information collected, as well as related requests, will be handled as carefully and efficiently as possible in accordance with IJCER standards for integrity and objectivity.
Validation of Design Parameters of Radiator using Computational ToolIRJET Journal
This document discusses the validation of design parameters for automobile radiators using computational tools. It presents two case studies where the thermal performance of radiators is analyzed using the log mean temperature difference (LMTD) and number of transfer units (NTU) methods and the results are compared to those from a computational software tool (HXCombine). The results show good agreement between the manual calculations and software outputs, validating the use of computational tools for radiator design. Parameters like heat transfer rate, outlet temperatures, effectiveness and heat transfer area are compared for both case studies. This research demonstrates that computational tools can accurately analyze and design radiator performance.
Form jurnal international 5814 24797-1-pbSttind Padang
This document summarizes an economic analysis of a hybrid power generation system combining biomass gasification, a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC), and a gas turbine with a total capacity of 1.7 MW. The authors conduct a cost analysis of the various components including the SOFC system, heat recovery steam generator (HRSG), and auxiliary elements. They then evaluate the economic performance of the system based on energy prices in Europe, the US, and Iran to determine the most economically justifiable location. The results show Europe has the highest internal rate of return of 15.5% and shortest payback period of 6.7 years, making it the most economically viable region for this system based on current prices and economic conditions.
PRIME2: Consequence Analysis and Model EvaluationSergio A. Guerra
This presentation will cover a preliminary consequence analysis and field evaluation related to the updates to the Plume Rise Model Enhancements updates (PRIME2). Additional research needs uncovered through this research project will also be discussed.
IRJET- CFD Analysis of Double Pipe Heat Exchanger with and with out DimplesIRJET Journal
This document analyzes the performance of a double pipe heat exchanger with and without dimples using computational fluid dynamics (CFD). CFD simulations were performed using ANSYS Fluent to model the heat transfer of water through double pipe exchangers with and without dimples on the inner pipe. The results showed that the heat exchanger with dimples had higher heat transfer and lower outlet temperatures compared to the exchanger without dimples. Therefore, the addition of dimples enhances the heat transfer performance of double pipe heat exchangers.
ESTIMATION AND ANALYSIS OF CYCLE EFFICIENCY FOR SHELL AND TUBE HEAT EXCHANGER...IAEME Publication
Shell and tube Heat exchanger (STHE) is one of the most common and widely used energy transporter suited for domestic usages as well as industrial applications. In this paper, we consider shell and tube heat exchanger as a device with known input and output parameters. This work utilizes imperative design constraints like tube configuration, fluids, surface and temperature (constant magnitude) as input parameters and energetic cycle efficiency considered as desired output parameter depicting performance of the device. The model was trained and tested by proposed Genetic algorithm (GA) technique. This entire computational procedure is implemented in MATLAB platform.
This is a presentation giving an introduction to the LandGEM model released by USEPA. It takes the student through a quick case study of the Pirana Landfill in India.
Meant for educational purposes only.
A benchmarking methodology for CO2 capture processesRahulA
The document presents a methodology for benchmarking CO2 capture processes using minimum work targets. It decomposes CO2 capture processes into identifiable steps and calculates the minimum energy requirement for each step and the overall process. This provides an efficiency target for comparing different CO2 capture routes. Applying the methodology to post-combustion, pre-combustion and oxy-combustion capture routes shows that pre-combustion capture has the lowest minimum work requirement and highest efficiency. The methodology provides a basis for comparing processes and identifying areas for efficiency improvements.
LandGEM is a Microsoft Excel-based tool that estimates landfill gas emissions, including methane and other pollutants, from municipal solid waste landfills. It uses a first-order decomposition rate equation to model emissions over time based on landfill-specific characteristics and waste acceptance rates entered by the user. The model consists of worksheets for inputs, outputs, graphs, and a report. It provides a simple approach to estimate emissions but has limitations such as not accounting for changes in landfill operations.
This document summarizes a research paper that analyzed heat transfer in an economizer using computational fluid dynamics (CFD). It discussed how fins can be added to economizer tubes to increase the heat transfer surface area between flue gases and boiler feedwater. The document reviewed previous research on economizer design optimization and failures. It described the working of CFD analysis using equations of continuity, momentum, and energy to model fluid flow. The study used the k-ε turbulence model in CFD software to analyze heat transfer with and without fins on an economizer.
The document is a research paper on energy efficiency presented by Pratap Jung Rai. It discusses various industrial utilities used in energy generation like boilers, furnaces, electric motors, pumps, compressors and HVAC systems. For boilers and furnaces, it explains the components, methodology to assess performance, calculate efficiency and opportunities to improve energy efficiency. For electric motors, it discusses factors affecting efficiency, methods to measure efficiency and load, and opportunities like using efficient motors and avoiding under-loading.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Life Cycle Assessment of alternative fossil fuel based power generation value chains - Presentation by Dr Anna Korre (Imperial College London) at the UKCCSRC Cardiff Biannual Meeting 10-11 September 2014 as part of the Emissions Through the CCS Life Cycle Technical parallel session
Pinch analysis is a methodology for minimizing energy consumption in chemical processes. It involves calculating the minimum energy required and optimizing heat recovery, energy supply, and operating conditions. Pinch analysis provides a structured approach to reduce operating costs, improve efficiency, and minimize capital investment. It was originally developed in the 1970s and involves analyzing process streams in terms of quality and quantity of heat and constructing composite curves to identify opportunities for heat integration. Pinch analysis has been successfully applied across various industries to reduce utility usage and costs.
An approach to evaluate the heat exchanger retrofit for installed industrial ...eSAT Journals
Abstract This paper is the first part of a two-part study aiming to introduce a new integrated approach to evaluate the techno-economic value of recuperator retrofit on existing gas turbine engines. The original gas turbines are designed for combined cycles so that the pressure ratios are moderate to secure suitable exhaust temperatures. One way to enhance the thermal efficiency of some gas turbines is by using recuperation to recover some of the exhaust heat. In this part, the developed model is described and implemented for two gas turbine engines so the obtained characteristics are evaluated against the actual data. The new approach will assist users to select the suitable gas turbine models with favorable recuperator characteristics based on a technical and economic prospective. Besides, the performance results are used to design an appropriate shell and tube heat exchanger. Moreover, a new technique has been established to define the typical heat exchanger parameters in order to ensure the highest possible improvements over the original cycles. One of the main features of this method is that it depends only on the velocity of hot and cold heat exchanger streams from which the rest of the heat exchanger design and performance characteristics were derived. Key Words: integrated approach, techno-economic value, recuperation, shell and tube heat exchanger, velocity
O documento fornece instruções para montar uma fábrica de isopor, descrevendo o processo de fabricação do isopor, os equipamentos necessários e as etapas como recepção de matérias-primas, fabricação, estocagem e escritórios. Recomenda-se um galpão de pelo menos 100m2 e lista exemplos de produtos feitos de isopor.
Renato Rix completed a course on Managing and Troubleshooting Exchange Server 2013 Email Delivery on November 30, 2015. The course focused on managing and troubleshooting email delivery in Exchange Server 2013. Renato Rix achieved this on November 30, 2015.
A simplified thermal model for the three way catalytic converter (1)Varun Pandey
This document presents a simplified thermal model for predicting the temperature evolution of a three-way catalytic converter (TWC) during cold start conditions. The model uses a semi-empirical approach based on energy and mass balances within the TWC, which is treated as a control volume. The model consists of submodels to represent oxygen storage, static conversion efficiency maps, and dynamic thermal behavior. Parameters for the heat transfer equations are identified using experimental temperature measurements along the length of the TWC monolith during testing on an engine test bench.
LCE 2016 BERLIN - ecoPROSYS Presentation by A.J. BaptistaAntónio J. Baptista
This document describes the application of the ecoPROSYS methodology to assess the eco-efficiency of a medium density fiberboard finishing line. The methodology integrates environmental performance evaluation, life cycle assessment, and value modelling to generate eco-efficiency profiles. It was applied to map the finishing line processes, assess environmental impacts and costs, and identify opportunities to improve eco-efficiency. The results showed the environmental influence and value indicators for each process, as well as an overall eco-efficiency indicator. The methodology allows simulation of alternatives to support continuous improvement decisions for production systems.
Solution to AERMOD/PRIME PM10 Overpredictions for Extremely Short, Long and W...Sergio A. Guerra
The current formulation in AERMOD/PRIME is prone to downwash overestimations as documented by Petersen et al. Some of these overpredictions can be minimized by conducting a wind tunnel study to refine the building inputs used in AERMOD/PRIME for critical stacks and wind directions. Most of the wind tunnel studies conducted to date involve taller building structures of at least 20 meters in height. However, a recent wind tunnel study was conducted for the Basic American Foods, Blackfoot, Idaho facility, which has extremely short buildings (7 to 12 meters in height) with very long and wide footprints and many exhaust stacks which are less than 25 meters above ground
The wind tunnel study confirmed that AERMOD was vastly overstating downwash effects for certain critical wind directions. In some cases, AERMOD-predicted concentrations were almost four times higher without the wind tunnel refinements. This study indicates that the previously identified tendency of AERMOD to overpredict downwash using the traditional BPIP-derived building inputs also applies to sites with shorter buildings. Because shorter buildings with shorter stacks are common in many sources subject to the minor New Source Review program (such as most food and beverage and manufacturing facilities), AERMOD’s overpredictions may be causing significantly higher predicted concentrations for many industrial sources.
This paper describes the wind tunnel study performed for this site, presents the benefits obtained from these building input refinements, and reviews comments received on the project from regulatory agencies.
This document discusses formulas for calculating the heating value of coal and coal char based on their composition. It describes the development of several existing formulas and presents the results of tests of four formulas on a database of 775 coal samples. A new formula is developed through regression analysis of the database that shows less bias and a lower standard deviation than the existing formulas tested. The accuracy of the new formula is comparable to a more complex existing formula but does not require determining pyritic sulfur content.
International Journal of Computational Engineering Research (IJCER) is dedicated to protecting personal information and will make every reasonable effort to handle collected information appropriately. All information collected, as well as related requests, will be handled as carefully and efficiently as possible in accordance with IJCER standards for integrity and objectivity.
Validation of Design Parameters of Radiator using Computational ToolIRJET Journal
This document discusses the validation of design parameters for automobile radiators using computational tools. It presents two case studies where the thermal performance of radiators is analyzed using the log mean temperature difference (LMTD) and number of transfer units (NTU) methods and the results are compared to those from a computational software tool (HXCombine). The results show good agreement between the manual calculations and software outputs, validating the use of computational tools for radiator design. Parameters like heat transfer rate, outlet temperatures, effectiveness and heat transfer area are compared for both case studies. This research demonstrates that computational tools can accurately analyze and design radiator performance.
Form jurnal international 5814 24797-1-pbSttind Padang
This document summarizes an economic analysis of a hybrid power generation system combining biomass gasification, a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC), and a gas turbine with a total capacity of 1.7 MW. The authors conduct a cost analysis of the various components including the SOFC system, heat recovery steam generator (HRSG), and auxiliary elements. They then evaluate the economic performance of the system based on energy prices in Europe, the US, and Iran to determine the most economically justifiable location. The results show Europe has the highest internal rate of return of 15.5% and shortest payback period of 6.7 years, making it the most economically viable region for this system based on current prices and economic conditions.
PRIME2: Consequence Analysis and Model EvaluationSergio A. Guerra
This presentation will cover a preliminary consequence analysis and field evaluation related to the updates to the Plume Rise Model Enhancements updates (PRIME2). Additional research needs uncovered through this research project will also be discussed.
IRJET- CFD Analysis of Double Pipe Heat Exchanger with and with out DimplesIRJET Journal
This document analyzes the performance of a double pipe heat exchanger with and without dimples using computational fluid dynamics (CFD). CFD simulations were performed using ANSYS Fluent to model the heat transfer of water through double pipe exchangers with and without dimples on the inner pipe. The results showed that the heat exchanger with dimples had higher heat transfer and lower outlet temperatures compared to the exchanger without dimples. Therefore, the addition of dimples enhances the heat transfer performance of double pipe heat exchangers.
ESTIMATION AND ANALYSIS OF CYCLE EFFICIENCY FOR SHELL AND TUBE HEAT EXCHANGER...IAEME Publication
Shell and tube Heat exchanger (STHE) is one of the most common and widely used energy transporter suited for domestic usages as well as industrial applications. In this paper, we consider shell and tube heat exchanger as a device with known input and output parameters. This work utilizes imperative design constraints like tube configuration, fluids, surface and temperature (constant magnitude) as input parameters and energetic cycle efficiency considered as desired output parameter depicting performance of the device. The model was trained and tested by proposed Genetic algorithm (GA) technique. This entire computational procedure is implemented in MATLAB platform.
This is a presentation giving an introduction to the LandGEM model released by USEPA. It takes the student through a quick case study of the Pirana Landfill in India.
Meant for educational purposes only.
A benchmarking methodology for CO2 capture processesRahulA
The document presents a methodology for benchmarking CO2 capture processes using minimum work targets. It decomposes CO2 capture processes into identifiable steps and calculates the minimum energy requirement for each step and the overall process. This provides an efficiency target for comparing different CO2 capture routes. Applying the methodology to post-combustion, pre-combustion and oxy-combustion capture routes shows that pre-combustion capture has the lowest minimum work requirement and highest efficiency. The methodology provides a basis for comparing processes and identifying areas for efficiency improvements.
LandGEM is a Microsoft Excel-based tool that estimates landfill gas emissions, including methane and other pollutants, from municipal solid waste landfills. It uses a first-order decomposition rate equation to model emissions over time based on landfill-specific characteristics and waste acceptance rates entered by the user. The model consists of worksheets for inputs, outputs, graphs, and a report. It provides a simple approach to estimate emissions but has limitations such as not accounting for changes in landfill operations.
This document summarizes a research paper that analyzed heat transfer in an economizer using computational fluid dynamics (CFD). It discussed how fins can be added to economizer tubes to increase the heat transfer surface area between flue gases and boiler feedwater. The document reviewed previous research on economizer design optimization and failures. It described the working of CFD analysis using equations of continuity, momentum, and energy to model fluid flow. The study used the k-ε turbulence model in CFD software to analyze heat transfer with and without fins on an economizer.
The document is a research paper on energy efficiency presented by Pratap Jung Rai. It discusses various industrial utilities used in energy generation like boilers, furnaces, electric motors, pumps, compressors and HVAC systems. For boilers and furnaces, it explains the components, methodology to assess performance, calculate efficiency and opportunities to improve energy efficiency. For electric motors, it discusses factors affecting efficiency, methods to measure efficiency and load, and opportunities like using efficient motors and avoiding under-loading.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Life Cycle Assessment of alternative fossil fuel based power generation value chains - Presentation by Dr Anna Korre (Imperial College London) at the UKCCSRC Cardiff Biannual Meeting 10-11 September 2014 as part of the Emissions Through the CCS Life Cycle Technical parallel session
Pinch analysis is a methodology for minimizing energy consumption in chemical processes. It involves calculating the minimum energy required and optimizing heat recovery, energy supply, and operating conditions. Pinch analysis provides a structured approach to reduce operating costs, improve efficiency, and minimize capital investment. It was originally developed in the 1970s and involves analyzing process streams in terms of quality and quantity of heat and constructing composite curves to identify opportunities for heat integration. Pinch analysis has been successfully applied across various industries to reduce utility usage and costs.
An approach to evaluate the heat exchanger retrofit for installed industrial ...eSAT Journals
Abstract This paper is the first part of a two-part study aiming to introduce a new integrated approach to evaluate the techno-economic value of recuperator retrofit on existing gas turbine engines. The original gas turbines are designed for combined cycles so that the pressure ratios are moderate to secure suitable exhaust temperatures. One way to enhance the thermal efficiency of some gas turbines is by using recuperation to recover some of the exhaust heat. In this part, the developed model is described and implemented for two gas turbine engines so the obtained characteristics are evaluated against the actual data. The new approach will assist users to select the suitable gas turbine models with favorable recuperator characteristics based on a technical and economic prospective. Besides, the performance results are used to design an appropriate shell and tube heat exchanger. Moreover, a new technique has been established to define the typical heat exchanger parameters in order to ensure the highest possible improvements over the original cycles. One of the main features of this method is that it depends only on the velocity of hot and cold heat exchanger streams from which the rest of the heat exchanger design and performance characteristics were derived. Key Words: integrated approach, techno-economic value, recuperation, shell and tube heat exchanger, velocity
O documento fornece instruções para montar uma fábrica de isopor, descrevendo o processo de fabricação do isopor, os equipamentos necessários e as etapas como recepção de matérias-primas, fabricação, estocagem e escritórios. Recomenda-se um galpão de pelo menos 100m2 e lista exemplos de produtos feitos de isopor.
Renato Rix completed a course on Managing and Troubleshooting Exchange Server 2013 Email Delivery on November 30, 2015. The course focused on managing and troubleshooting email delivery in Exchange Server 2013. Renato Rix achieved this on November 30, 2015.
This document summarizes a presentation on ethics law and open government for the Texas Alliance of Groundwater Districts leadership training. It discusses conflict of interest laws under Chapter 171 and disclosure requirements under Chapter 176 of the Local Government Code. It also covers open meetings issues like walking quorums and requirements for open and closed sessions under the Texas Open Meetings Act. Criminal penalties are outlined for violations of the ethics and open government laws.
The document discusses methods for attracting audiences and readers to a music magazine. It describes using a direct gaze from subjects on the cover to draw in readers through eye contact. It also recommends using compelling pull quotes on the front cover to pique readers' interest in the story. The order of items is important as well, such as leading with a pull quote to attract readers. Using names of famous music stars in the genre but altering them slightly (like "Calvin Hairess" instead of "Calvin Harris") can draw recognition from readers. Maintaining a consistent dark color scheme with pops of light colors and effects creates a nightclub/festival feel relating to the music style and potentially attracting buyers.
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive function. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms.
Impact of Equation of State on Simulating CO2 Pipeline Decompression, Solomon Brown, University College London. Presented at CO2 Properties and EoS for Pipeline Engineering, 11th November 2014
This document presents several unusual facts about groundwater in Texas, including that 40% of water used in Texas comes from the Ogallala Aquifer, water levels are rising in parts of the Ogallala, and the longest water transport in Texas is 322 miles by the Canadian River Municipal Water Authority. It also notes that groundwater pumping has caused land subsidence of up to 10 feet in Houston and several feet in El Paso. Finally, it provides some historical groundwater facts, such as that Dell City had the first desalination plant in the US in 1967 and that artesian wells led to the development of breweries in Texas.
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms.
This document contains the Spanish alphabet written out letter by letter across multiple lines, with some letters containing diacritics and letter combinations not found in the English alphabet. It provides a listing of all the standard Spanish letters in a non-sentence format.
Max tries to hold a bake sale with healthy cookies but it goes wrong when the cookies come to life as a giant monster. Sarah uses her magic to battle the cookie monster but accidentally creates a macaroni monster as well. When the two monsters start fighting, Sarah sends them to another dimension to stop them. Max then realizes Ferguson is missing after the battle.
CCUS Roadmap for Mexico - presentation by M. Vita Peralta Martínez (IIE - Electric Research Institute, Mexico) for the UKCCSRC, Edinburgh, 13 November 2015
Capillary pressure seminar final versionmpetroleum
The document discusses capillary pressure, which is caused by the interaction between two fluids based on their interfacial tension and the wettability of the surface they contact. In a reservoir, capillary pressure causes one fluid to be retained in small pore spaces against gravity due to interactions at the pore scale. Understanding capillary pressure is important for reservoir optimization because it influences multiphase fluid distributions and flow properties. Capillary pressure can be measured using various laboratory methods to better understand these relationships and reservoir conditions.
Fundamentals of Petroleum Engineering Module 2Aijaz Ali Mooro
The document provides an overview of geology and exploration methods for petroleum. It discusses the three main rock types - igneous, sedimentary and metamorphic rocks - and describes parameters that control petroleum occurrence such as source rocks, reservoir rocks and traps. It then explains processes of petroleum migration and entrapment. Finally, it outlines various oil exploration methods including surface geology, geophysical techniques like magnetic, gravity and seismic surveys, and sub-surface methods like well correlation.
Similar to Study of the Pipeline Network Planned in the Humber Region of the UK, Xiaobo Luo, University of Hull. Presented at CO2 Properties and EoS for Pipeline Engineering, 11th November 2014
Flexibility with renewable(low-carbon) hydrogenIEA-ETSAP
Flexibility with renewable hydrogen
Paul Dodds, Jana Fakhreddine & Kari Espegren, IEA ETSAP
16–17th november 2023, Turin, Italy, etsap meeting, etsap winter workshop, semi-annual meeting, november 2023, Politecnico di Torino Lingotto, Torino
Presentation given by Sergey Martynov of University College London on "CO2QUEST - The effect of impurities on compression and pipeline transportation of CO2" at the EC FP7 Projects: Leading the way in CCS implementation event, London, 14-15 April 2014
The document describes the design and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis of a centrifugal compressor and radial inflow turbine for a supercritical carbon dioxide power cycle. The authors developed in-house software to perform meanline design of the compressor and turbine considering fluid properties and loss correlations. They then analyzed the designs using CFD software. Key results include achieving 80% isentropic efficiency for both machines and reducing compression work to 50% compared to ideal gas compression. The CFD analysis implemented real fluid properties and investigated flow behavior near the critical point of CO2.
A suggestion of optimization process for water pipe networks designMedhat Elzahar
This document proposes a process for optimizing the design of water pipe networks. It suggests including all cost parameters, such as pipe, pump, and energy costs, in the optimization process to determine the most cost-effective pipe diameters. The study compares results from a genetic algorithm software (GANEO) that optimizes based on pipe costs only, to a derivative method that considers total costs. While GANEO found smaller pipe diameters with minor pipe cost savings, the total costs were much higher due to increased pumping requirements. Excluding pump costs from the optimization process slightly reduced pipe diameters and costs. However, the best approach is to include all relevant cost parameters to obtain the most reliable cost-optimized solution.
1. The document discusses simulation and analysis of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) cooling system using various coolants and a porous metal foam. It aims to optimize output power, efficiency, environmental impacts, and cost.
2. Simulation results show that using both a nanofluid coolant and porous foam for heat dissipation is not effective, while using just water or porous foam can better cool the fuel cell.
3. Increasing current density decreases efficiencies and increases environmental impacts, but optimization shows efficiencies up to 45% and 57% for energy and exergy, respectively.
How Can CCU Provide a Net Benefit? - presentation by Peter Styring in the Emissions through the CCS Lifecycle session at the UKCCSRC Cardiff Biannual Meeting, 10-11 September 2014
Ongoing Macro-Stand Alone and CGE modelling approaches at UCL Energy InstituteIEA-ETSAP
This document summarizes ongoing macroeconomic modeling work at University College London's Energy Institute. It describes the UK Times Model energy systems model and efforts to link it with a macroeconomic stand-alone model and a computable general equilibrium model. The macro-stand alone model allows exploring the impact of different capital-energy substitution elasticities. Preliminary results show low GDP impacts of climate policies but higher total system costs. Future work includes further comparison of macro modeling approaches and linking the models to assess whole energy-economy impacts of policies.
Photovoltaic thermal (PV/T) collectors with nanofluids and nano-Phase Change ...Ali Al-Waeli
The presentation is derived from my PhD viva presentation which focuses on the topic of Photovoltaic thermal (PV/T) collectors with nanofluids and nano-Phase Change Material.
Presented by: Dr. Ali Hussein A. Alwaeli
Determining primary energy factors for electricityLeonardo ENERGY
This document outlines a framework for determining primary energy factors (PEFs) for electricity. It discusses using attributional vs consequential assessments and identifies key steps: selecting the assessment approach, clarifying the indicator, establishing system limits and time frames. It also outlines principles for PEF calculations in both attributional and consequential assessments, including allocating energy consumption and identifying relevant regulatory measures and marginal changes. Finally, it discusses applications of the framework and principles in EU energy directives for buildings, efficiency and ecodesign/labelling. The framework is intended to establish a consistent approach for determining and applying PEFs and conversion factors in an EU regulatory context.
This paper develops a cost model for onshore wind farms in the U.S.. This model is then used to analyze the influence of different designs and economic parameters on the cost of a wind farm. A response surface based cost model is developed using Extended Radial Basis Functions (E-RBF). The E-RBF ap- proach, a combination of radial and non-radial basis functions, can provide the designer with significant flexibility and freedom in the metamodeling process. The E-RBF based cost model is composed of three parts that can estimate (i) the installation cost, (ii) the annual Operation and Maintenance (O&M) cost, and (iii) the total annual cost of a wind farm. The input param- eters for the E-RBF based cost model include the rotor diameter of a wind turbine,the number of wind turbines in a wind farm, the construction labor cost, the management labor cost and the technician labor cost. The accuracy of the model is favorably explored through comparison with pertinent real world data. It is found that the cost of a wind farm is appreciably sensitive to
the rotor diameter and the number of wind turbines for a given desirable total power output.
The document proposes a plant to produce 150 million kg/year of dimethyl carbonate (DMC) through the oxidative carbonylation of methanol with carbon monoxide and oxygen. Technical and economic analyses were conducted assuming a 2-year construction period and 10-year operating time. Key findings include:
1) A single slurry reactor operating at 40 bar and 130°C coupled with distillation columns and a vapor recovery system can produce 99.8% pure DMC at a rate of 4.96 kg/s.
2) Economic analysis using a 12% enterprise rate estimates a $54 million total capital investment, $54 million net present value, 33% return on investment before taxes, and 12.5
Energy saving opportunities in an air separation processSonaTrak
1) The document analyzes energy saving opportunities in an air separation process. It simulates an existing industrial air separation unit and identifies areas for improvement.
2) Exergy analysis shows the main heat exchanger has the highest exergy loss. The high-pressure oxygen and nitrogen cycles also have room for more efficient expansion processes.
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The document outlines a presentation on analyzing options for achieving a 100% renewable energy system in Germany by 2050. It summarizes three existing 2050 scenarios from other studies and then presents a new Sector Integration Approach (SIA) scenario. The SIA scenario aims to improve feasibility by introducing sector integration through technologies like heat pumps, power-to-gas, electric vehicles, and demand response. Analysis shows the SIA scenario can integrate higher amounts of renewable energy, reduce fuel consumption and costs more than the other scenarios, while meeting 2050 targets for CO2 emissions and renewable energy share.
This document presents 14 case studies evaluating the techno-economic performance of solid sorbent-based carbon capture and storage (CCS) at pulverized coal power plants. The case studies find that a solid sorbent CCS system can achieve comparable efficiency to liquid amine systems but with a levelized cost of electricity around $161/MWh. High capital costs, particularly for heat exchangers, contribute significantly to the cost. Additional cases explore the potential effects of sorbent degradation and identify heat exchanger design as an area for cost reduction.
A Response Surface Based Wind Farm Cost (RS-WFC) model, is developed to evaluate the economics of wind farms. The RS-WFC model is developed using Extended Radial Basis Functions (E-RBF) for onshore wind farms in the U.S.. This model is then used to explore the in uence of di erent design and economic parameters, including number of turbines, rotor diameter and labor cost, on the cost of a wind farm. The RS-WFC model is composed of three parts that estimate (i) the installation cost, (ii) the annual Operation and Maintenance (O&M) cost, and (iii) the total annual cost of a wind farm. The accuracy of the cost model is favorably established through comparison with pertinent commercial data. Moreover, the RS-WFC model is integrated with an analytical power generation model of a wind farm. A recently developed Unrestricted Wind Farm Layout Optimization (UWFLO) model is used to determine the power generated by a farm. The ratio of the total annual cost and the energy generated by the wind farm in one year (commonly known as the Cost of Energy, COE) is minimized in this paper. The results show that the COE could decreasesigni cantlythroughlayoutoptimization,toobtainmillionsofannualcostsavings.
This project developed and tested a low-cost alkaline electrolysis system for hydrogen production. A 10 x 2700 cm2 plastic electrolyzer stack was designed, built, and tested. The stack achieved the target efficiency of 66.9% at 15 bar pressure. Accelerated life tests were conducted on materials and joining methods. The capital cost of the developed stack is estimated to be 25-50% lower than existing electrolyzers, with a projected stack cost of $0.39/kg H2 and total system cost of $0.82/kg H2. Further cost reductions could come from lowering power electronics costs and improving system designs to reduce equipment exposure to electrolyte. The developed technology has near-term potential for commercial
5th International Conference : Workshop - Energyicarb
This document summarizes a meeting about developing consistent methods for accounting carbon emissions from wind power generation. The meeting agenda included presentations on different life cycle carbon assessment approaches, including process-based, cost-based, and hybrid models. Attendees included policymakers, academics, and environmental groups. The meeting aimed to discuss case studies, get feedback on carbon accounting guidelines, and explore applying lessons to other sectors. Presenters also discussed normalizing varied life cycle assessment results and understanding how wind interacts with the electric grid. The document proposes developing a standard framework and accreditation for carbon accounting through the Initiative for Carbon Accounting.
"Taking on TIAM" a new user´s experience and lessons learnedIEA-ETSAP
(1) Dr. Tamaryn Napp has been involved in energy systems modeling at the Grantham Institute since 2010, developing their own model called Grantham-TIAM based on the ETSAP-TIAM model since 2014.
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Apec workshop 2 presentation 12 lh ci cinco presidentes-pemex-apec workshop 2Global CCS Institute
This document outlines a life cycle assessment of CO2 emissions from a CO2-EOR project in southern Mexico. It describes the goal of understanding environmental impacts from a life cycle perspective and estimating CO2 emissions associated with various steps of the project. The methodology estimates emissions using activity data and emission factors. Results found that CO2 emissions from the offshore platform to refinery via the EOR project were 5.41 tCO2eq per ton of CO2 injected, and the project reduced greenhouse gas emissions and environmental impacts compared to business as usual.
Similar to Study of the Pipeline Network Planned in the Humber Region of the UK, Xiaobo Luo, University of Hull. Presented at CO2 Properties and EoS for Pipeline Engineering, 11th November 2014 (20)
Advances in Rock Physics Modelling and Improved Estimation of CO2 Saturation, Giorgos Papageorgiou - Geophysical Modelling for CO2 Storage, Leeds, 3 November 2015
Numerical Modelling of Fracture Growth and Caprock Integrity During CO2 Injection, Adriana Paluszny - Geophysical Modelling for CO2 Storage, Leeds, 3 November 2015
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Modelling Fault Reactivation, Induced Seismicity, and Leakage During Underground CO2 Injection, Jonny Rutquvist - Geophysical Modelling for CO2 Storage, Leeds, 3 November 2015
Pore scale dynamics and the interpretation of flow processes - Martin Blunt, Imperial College London, at UKCCSRC specialist meeting Flow and Transport for CO2 Storage, 29-30 October 2015
Passive seismic monitoring for CO2 storage sites - Anna Stork, University of Bristol at UKCCSRC specialist meeting Geophysical modelling for CO2 storage, monitoring and appraisal, 3 November 2015
Multiphase flow modelling of calcite dissolution patterns from core scale to reservoir scale - Jeroen Snippe, Shell, at UKCCSRC specialist meeting Flow and Transport for CO2 Storage, 29-30 October 2015
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This document discusses an industrial CCS project on Teesside involving BOC Teesside Hydrogen, ICCS Teesside, and the Teesside Collective 2030. It notes an 8-year relationship with Progressive Energy and leadership from the Teesside Collective. Research challenges include determining the appropriate technology, whether to use a pilot plant or full scale, linking with key industries, supporting cost-effective solutions, and driving down costs over time.
This document summarizes a presentation on the Teesside Collective Industrial CCS Project in the UK. It discusses:
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2) The required infrastructure including capture facilities, gathering pipelines, boosting stations, offshore transportation, and storage.
3) Insights on the challenges of estimating costs and developing a business case for a project with variable CO2 sources across different industries.
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The document summarizes funding opportunities for carbon capture and storage (CCS) projects under the Horizon 2020 Energy program. It outlines two CCS-related topics for 2016 with a total budget of €27M: international cooperation with South Korea on improved capture processes, and utilizing captured CO2 as feedstock. It also mentions an expected CCS funding call in 2016 under the ERANET Cofund mechanism. Additional details are provided on Horizon 2020, Research and Innovation Actions, and contact information for assistance.
Research Coordination Network on Carbon Capture, Utilization and Storage Funded by National Science Foundation in USA - A.-H. Alissa Park, Columbia University - UKCCSRC Strathclyde Biannual 8-9 September 2015
Computational Modelling and Optimisation of Carbon Capture Reactors, Daniel Sebastiá Sáez, Cranfield University - UKCCSRC Strathclyde Biannual 8-9 September 2015
Effective Adsorbents for Establishing Solids Looping as a Next Generation NG PCC Technology, Hao Liu, University of Nottingham - UKCCSRC Strathclyde Biannual 8-9 September 2015
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Particle Swarm Optimization–Long Short-Term Memory based Channel Estimation w...IJCNCJournal
Paper Title
Particle Swarm Optimization–Long Short-Term Memory based Channel Estimation with Hybrid Beam Forming Power Transfer in WSN-IoT Applications
Authors
Reginald Jude Sixtus J and Tamilarasi Muthu, Puducherry Technological University, India
Abstract
Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA) helps to overcome various difficulties in future technology wireless communications. NOMA, when utilized with millimeter wave multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems, channel estimation becomes extremely difficult. For reaping the benefits of the NOMA and mm-Wave combination, effective channel estimation is required. In this paper, we propose an enhanced particle swarm optimization based long short-term memory estimator network (PSOLSTMEstNet), which is a neural network model that can be employed to forecast the bandwidth required in the mm-Wave MIMO network. The prime advantage of the LSTM is that it has the capability of dynamically adapting to the functioning pattern of fluctuating channel state. The LSTM stage with adaptive coding and modulation enhances the BER.PSO algorithm is employed to optimize input weights of LSTM network. The modified algorithm splits the power by channel condition of every single user. Participants will be first sorted into distinct groups depending upon respective channel conditions, using a hybrid beamforming approach. The network characteristics are fine-estimated using PSO-LSTMEstNet after a rough approximation of channels parameters derived from the received data.
Keywords
Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR), Bit Error Rate (BER), mm-Wave, MIMO, NOMA, deep learning, optimization.
Volume URL: https://airccse.org/journal/ijc2022.html
Abstract URL:https://aircconline.com/abstract/ijcnc/v14n5/14522cnc05.html
Pdf URL: https://aircconline.com/ijcnc/V14N5/14522cnc05.pdf
#scopuspublication #scopusindexed #callforpapers #researchpapers #cfp #researchers #phdstudent #researchScholar #journalpaper #submission #journalsubmission #WBAN #requirements #tailoredtreatment #MACstrategy #enhancedefficiency #protrcal #computing #analysis #wirelessbodyareanetworks #wirelessnetworks
#adhocnetwork #VANETs #OLSRrouting #routing #MPR #nderesidualenergy #korea #cognitiveradionetworks #radionetworks #rendezvoussequence
Here's where you can reach us : ijcnc@airccse.org or ijcnc@aircconline.com
This study Examines the Effectiveness of Talent Procurement through the Imple...DharmaBanothu
In the world with high technology and fast
forward mindset recruiters are walking/showing interest
towards E-Recruitment. Present most of the HRs of
many companies are choosing E-Recruitment as the best
choice for recruitment. E-Recruitment is being done
through many online platforms like Linkedin, Naukri,
Instagram , Facebook etc. Now with high technology E-
Recruitment has gone through next level by using
Artificial Intelligence too.
Key Words : Talent Management, Talent Acquisition , E-
Recruitment , Artificial Intelligence Introduction
Effectiveness of Talent Acquisition through E-
Recruitment in this topic we will discuss about 4important
and interlinked topics which are
3rd International Conference on Artificial Intelligence Advances (AIAD 2024)GiselleginaGloria
3rd International Conference on Artificial Intelligence Advances (AIAD 2024) will act as a major forum for the presentation of innovative ideas, approaches, developments, and research projects in the area advanced Artificial Intelligence. It will also serve to facilitate the exchange of information between researchers and industry professionals to discuss the latest issues and advancement in the research area. Core areas of AI and advanced multi-disciplinary and its applications will be covered during the conferences.
Flow Through Pipe: the analysis of fluid flow within pipesIndrajeet sahu
Flow Through Pipe: This topic covers the analysis of fluid flow within pipes, focusing on laminar and turbulent flow regimes, continuity equation, Bernoulli's equation, Darcy-Weisbach equation, head loss due to friction, and minor losses from fittings and bends. Understanding these principles is crucial for efficient pipe system design and analysis.
We have designed & manufacture the Lubi Valves LBF series type of Butterfly Valves for General Utility Water applications as well as for HVAC applications.
Prediction of Electrical Energy Efficiency Using Information on Consumer's Ac...PriyankaKilaniya
Energy efficiency has been important since the latter part of the last century. The main object of this survey is to determine the energy efficiency knowledge among consumers. Two separate districts in Bangladesh are selected to conduct the survey on households and showrooms about the energy and seller also. The survey uses the data to find some regression equations from which it is easy to predict energy efficiency knowledge. The data is analyzed and calculated based on five important criteria. The initial target was to find some factors that help predict a person's energy efficiency knowledge. From the survey, it is found that the energy efficiency awareness among the people of our country is very low. Relationships between household energy use behaviors are estimated using a unique dataset of about 40 households and 20 showrooms in Bangladesh's Chapainawabganj and Bagerhat districts. Knowledge of energy consumption and energy efficiency technology options is found to be associated with household use of energy conservation practices. Household characteristics also influence household energy use behavior. Younger household cohorts are more likely to adopt energy-efficient technologies and energy conservation practices and place primary importance on energy saving for environmental reasons. Education also influences attitudes toward energy conservation in Bangladesh. Low-education households indicate they primarily save electricity for the environment while high-education households indicate they are motivated by environmental concerns.
Tools & Techniques for Commissioning and Maintaining PV Systems W-Animations ...Transcat
Join us for this solutions-based webinar on the tools and techniques for commissioning and maintaining PV Systems. In this session, we'll review the process of building and maintaining a solar array, starting with installation and commissioning, then reviewing operations and maintenance of the system. This course will review insulation resistance testing, I-V curve testing, earth-bond continuity, ground resistance testing, performance tests, visual inspections, ground and arc fault testing procedures, and power quality analysis.
Fluke Solar Application Specialist Will White is presenting on this engaging topic:
Will has worked in the renewable energy industry since 2005, first as an installer for a small east coast solar integrator before adding sales, design, and project management to his skillset. In 2022, Will joined Fluke as a solar application specialist, where he supports their renewable energy testing equipment like IV-curve tracers, electrical meters, and thermal imaging cameras. Experienced in wind power, solar thermal, energy storage, and all scales of PV, Will has primarily focused on residential and small commercial systems. He is passionate about implementing high-quality, code-compliant installation techniques.
A high-Speed Communication System is based on the Design of a Bi-NoC Router, ...DharmaBanothu
The Network on Chip (NoC) has emerged as an effective
solution for intercommunication infrastructure within System on
Chip (SoC) designs, overcoming the limitations of traditional
methods that face significant bottlenecks. However, the complexity
of NoC design presents numerous challenges related to
performance metrics such as scalability, latency, power
consumption, and signal integrity. This project addresses the
issues within the router's memory unit and proposes an enhanced
memory structure. To achieve efficient data transfer, FIFO buffers
are implemented in distributed RAM and virtual channels for
FPGA-based NoC. The project introduces advanced FIFO-based
memory units within the NoC router, assessing their performance
in a Bi-directional NoC (Bi-NoC) configuration. The primary
objective is to reduce the router's workload while enhancing the
FIFO internal structure. To further improve data transfer speed,
a Bi-NoC with a self-configurable intercommunication channel is
suggested. Simulation and synthesis results demonstrate
guaranteed throughput, predictable latency, and equitable
network access, showing significant improvement over previous
designs
Study of the Pipeline Network Planned in the Humber Region of the UK, Xiaobo Luo, University of Hull. Presented at CO2 Properties and EoS for Pipeline Engineering, 11th November 2014
1. Study of the CO
2
Pipeline Network Planned in the Humber Region of the UK:
Simulation-based Techno-economic Evaluation for
Optimal Design
Xiaobo Luo, Meihong Wang
in collaboration with Ketan Mistry, Russell Cooper
School of Engineering
University of Hull
11th NOV 2014
2. OUTLINE
Pipeline Scheme in Humber Region
Work Package Overview
Techno-economic evaluation
Methodology
Evaluation of compression
Evaluation of trunk pipeline
Whole pipeline system
Findings
3.
4. Work Package Overview
CO2 transportation pipeline network
Optimal design and operation by using
process engineering system techniques
APEA
Aspen HYSYS (Aspen Process Economic
gPROMS
Analyser)
Dynamic
simulation
Steady state
simulation
Economic
evaluation
Simulation-based techno-economic
evaluation for Optimal Design
5. Methodology-model development
Equation of state (EOS) selection
An entry specification was agreed to be 96 mole% CO2 and a mixture of nitrogen,
oxygen, hydrogen, argon and methane with hydrogen limited to 2.0 mole% and oxygen
limited to 10 ppmv.
EOS selection in the literature
Span and Wanger ( for pure CO2)
GERG (for CO2 and impurities)
Peng-Robinson (for CO2 and impurities)
SAFT (for CO2 and impurities)
Table 1. EOS used in published studies
Papers/studies EOS used
Hein et al. 1985 Soave-Redlich-Kwong (SRK) equation
Hein et al. 1986 Peng-Robinson (PR) equation for CO2 mixture
Zhang et al. 2006
Peng-Robinson (PR) equation with Boston -Mathias
modification for CO2 mixture
Seevam et al. 2008 Peng-Robinson (PR) equation
Mahgerefteh et al. 2008 Peng-Robinson (PR) equation
E.ON's report , 2010 Span and Wagner EOS for pure CO2
Nimtz et al. 2010 Span and Wagner EOS for pure CO2
Munkejord et al. 2010 Soave–Redlich–Kwong EOS
Liljemark et al.2011
Span and Wagner EOS for pure CO2 and GERG-2004 for
the CO2 mixtures
Klinkby et al. 2011 Span and Wagner EOS for pure CO2
Chaczykowski et al. 2012 GERG-2004 for CO2 mixture
6. Methodology-model development
Peng-Robinson with calibrated binary interaction parameters
AAD% between experimental data and PR EOS for corresponding kij values
kij
Bubble pressure Liquid volume
Temperature Pressure
Reference
(K)
(Mpa)
E.ON’s report (2010) show PR EOS is not
very accurate in the near-critical region.
In this T/P range(4oC - 20oC/ 101 bar -
150 bar) in this study, the deviation of
pure CO2 density is from -4.8% to 0.1%
in E.ON’s report.
AAD%
Temperature
(K)
Pressure
(Mpa)
AAD%
CO2 - N2 -0.007 220-301 1.4-16.7 3.73 209-320 1.4-16.7 1.54
Diamantonis et al. (2013)
Li & Yan (2009)
CO2 - Ar 0.141 288 7.5-9.8 2.32 288 2.4-14.5 1.83 Diamantonis et al. (2013)
CO2 – H2 0.1470 290.2 5.0-20.0 5.6% - - - Foster et al.
7. Methodology-model development
Model flow sheet in Aspen HYSYS
CO2 from Drax
CO2 from
Don
Valley
Common onshore pipeline Common offshore pipeline
Pump station
Mid-compressor train
for Don Valley
Compressor
train
Model validation by comparing the results of PIPEFLO®
no available operating and experimental data
PIPEFLO® is used for the concept design of the project
GERG-2008 EOSwas used in PIPEFLO® for the project
Entry pressure at
White Rose
Entry pressure at
Don Valley
DP of mid-booster for
Don Valley
DP of pump
station
Arrival
pressure
barg barg bar bar barg
Aspen HYSYS® 119.50 34.0 86.92 43.0 125.0
PIPEFLO® 119.20 34.0 86.70 42.4 125.0
Relative difference 0.25% - 0.25% 1.40% -
8. Methodology-economic evaluation
Economic evaluation using APEA
Aspen Process Economic Analyzer (APEA)
CAPEX
• total capital investment cost
(capital return factor is 0.15 for annualized capital cost)
Equipments purchase
Engineering
Construction
others during project implement
OPEX
•Fixed OPEX
O&M cost (per year)
•Available OPEX
Energy and utilities cost (per year)
Input information
Diameter calculation
in different
correlation methods
Simulations of trunk
pipelines
Economic evaluations
of trunk pipelines
Comparison with the
literature and analysis
compression options
to select optimal
Simulation of whole
pipeline network
Compression
technology analysis
Simulation of
compression train
Economics evaluation
of compression train
Comparison of
option
Comparison with the
literature and analysis
Comparison of
pipeline options to
select optimal option
Economics evaluation
of whole pipeline
network
9. Evaluation of CO
2
compression
Compression technology options and their process definition
Table 5. Compression technology options and their process definition
Option Unit Base Case C1 C2 C3 C4
Description
Centrifugal
5 stage with
4
intercoolers
Centrifugal
16 stage 4
intercoolers
8 stage
centrifugal
geared with 7
intercoolers
6 stage integrally
geared with 5
intercoolers to 20
oC +pumping
6 stage integrally
geared with 5
intercoolers to 38
oC +pumping
Capacity t/h 245 245 245 245 245
Suction pressure MPa 0.101325 0.101325 0.101325 0.101325 0.101325
Suction temp. oC 20 20 20 20 20
Pumping suck
pressure MPa - - - 8.0 8.0
Pumping suck temp. oC - - - 20 20
Exit pressure MPa 13.5 13.5 13.5 13.5 13.5
Stage - 5 16 8 6 6
Isentropic efficiency % 75 75 75 75 75
Interstage cooler exit
temperature oC 20 38 38 20 38
Last stage exit temp. oC 20 20 20 20 20
Base case Case 1
Case 3 Case 4 Case 2
10. Evaluation of CO
2
compression
Comparison of annual costs of different compression options
40.00
35.00
30.00
25.00
20.00
15.00
10.00
5.00
0.00
Annual Energy and utilities cost
Annual O&M cost
Annualized Capital cost
Base case C1 C2 C3 C4
Break down annual costs (M€2012/a)
Options
The comparison of levelized cost of different cost model in the literature
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
Base
case
C1 C2 C3 C4
Annual cost (M€/a)
McCollum and Ogden (2006)
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
Base
case
C1 C2 C3 C4
Annual cost (M€/a)
IEA GHG (2002)
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
Base
case
Annual O&M cost
Annual capital cost
C1 C2 C3 C4
Annual cost (M€/a)
This study
11. Evaluation of trunk pipelines
The calculation results of different diameter calculation methods in literature
Common onshore pipeline Common offshore pipeline
Pump station
Diameter calculation method
Calculated
diameter Velocity
Selected diameter
Hydraulic performance and energy requirement of trunk pipelines in different
diameters
Pipeline
diameter
Actual initial
velocity
Pressure drop of
onshore pipeline
Pressure drop of
offshore pipeline
Boosting pressure
of pump station
Energy required of
pump station
(inch) (m/s) (bar) (bar) (bar) (kWh)
28 1.08 5.9 10.0 5.9 301.5
24 1.49 13.5 20.6 24.1 1243
22 1.81 22.1 32.2 44.3 2305
in APEA
Unit (m) (m/s) DN (inch)
Velocity based equation
0.699 1.0 28
0.5713 1.5 24
0.4948 2 20
Hydraulic equation 0.5262 1.77 22
Extensive hydraulic equation 0.6173 1.29 24
McCoy and Rubin model 0.5672 1.52 22
12. Evaluation of trunk pipelines
120.00
100.00
80.00
60.00
40.00
20.00
0.00
Annual energy and utilities cost
Annual O&M cost
Annual capital cost
28 in. 24 in. 22 in.
Break down annual costs (M€2012/a)
Pipeline diamter
Comparison of capital cost of different cost
models in the literature
Annual cost comparison for different diameters
of the pipelines
4.5
4
3.5
3
2.5
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
22 in. 24 in. 28 in.
Capital cost (M€/km)
Pipeline diamter
This study
IEA GHG, 2002
MaCollum and Ogden, 2006
McCoy and Rubin, 2008
Piessense et al., 2008
Van Den Broek et al., 2010
13. Overall cost of whole pipeline network
Comparison of levelized cost of the optimal case and
COCATE project (Roussanaly et al., 2013)
Optimal
case
COCATE
project
25.00
20.00
15.00
10.00
5.00
Levelized energy and
utilities cost €/t-CO2 7.6 8
Levelized CAPEX of the
trunk pipeline €/t-CO2 6.0 5.5
Levelized CAPEX of
collecting system €/t-CO2 4.4 0.2
Levelized O&M cost €/t-CO2 1.0 2
Levelized total cost €/t-CO2 19.1 15.7
Comparison of annual costs of base case and
optimal case
Base case Optimal case
Annual capital cost of trunk
pipelines
Annual capital cost of
collecting system
Annual energy and utilities
cost
Annual O&M cost
Base case Optimal case
250.00
200.00
150.00
100.00
50.00
0.00
Annual cost (M€/a)
Annual energy and
utilities cost M€/a 68.7 68.0
Annual CAPEX of the
trunk pipeline M€/a 69.4 53.6
Annual CAPEX of
collecting system M€/a 45.2 39.5
Annual O&M cost M€/a 9.2 9.2
Annual total cost M€/a 192.5 170.3
0.00
Optimal case COCATE project
Levelized cost (€/t-CO2)
Levelized capital cost of
trunk pipelines
Levelized capital cost of
collecting system
Levelized energy and
utilities cost
Levelized O&M cost
14. key findings
For CO2 compression, lower intercooler exit temperature (20 oC vs 38oC in
this study) contributes lower both energy cost and capital cost.
The O&M cost of CO2 compression is found to be low in other published
models.
The pipeline diameter models in literature are generally reliable. With
optimal diameter of pipelines, the initial velocity of CO2 mixture in dense
phase is about 1.7m/s in this study.
The cost range of the pipelines are large for different models. The weight
based model (Piessense et al. 2008) has the prediction close to this study.
Simulation-based techno-economics evaluation method offers a powerful
tool for optimal designs for the projects, especially for the decision making
support about the detailed technical options selection.
15. Reference Lists
Li H, Yan J. Evaluating cubic equations of state for calculation of vapor–liquid equilibrium of CO2 and CO2-
mixtures for CO2 capture and storage processes. Applied Energy 2009;86(6):826-836.
Diamantonis NI, Boulougouris GC, Mansoor E, Tsangaris DM, Economou IG. Evaluation of Cubic, SAFT, and PC-SAFT
Equations of State for the Vapor–Liquid Equilibrium Modeling of CO2 Mixtures with Other Gases.
Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research 2013;10.1021/ie303248q:130227083947003.
Foster NR, Bezanehtak K, Dehghani F. Modeling of Phase Equilibria for Binary and Ternary Mixture of Carbon
Dioxide, Hydrogen and Methanol. [cited 2014 02/06]. Available from:
http://www.isasf.net/fileadmin/files/Docs/Versailles/Papers/PTs15.pdf
IEA GHG, 2002. Pipeline transmission of CO2 and energy. Transmission study report. PH4/6, 1–140.
McCollum, D.L., Ogden, J.M., 2006. Techno-economic models for carbon dioxide compression, transport, and
storage & Correlations for estimating carbon dioxide density and viscosity. UCD-ITS-RR-06-14, 1–87.
Piessens, K., Laenen, B., Nijs, W., Mathieu, P., Baele, J.M., et al., 2008. Policy Support System for Carbon
Capture and Storage. SD/CP/04A, 1–269.
Roussanaly S, Bureau-Cauchois G, Husebye J. 2013. Costs benchmark of CO2 transport technologies for a
group of various size industries. International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control. 12(0):341-350.
S.T. McCoy, E.S. Rubin, 2008. An engineering-economic model for pipeline transport of CO2 with application
to carbon capture and storage. International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control, 2 , pp. 219–229
M. Van den Broek, A. Ramírez, H. Groenenberg, F. Neele, P. Viebahn, W. Turkenburg, A. Faaij, 2010. Feasibility
of storing CO2 in the Utsira formation as part of a long term Dutch CCS strategy: An evaluation based on
a GIS/MARKAL toolbox. International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control, 4 , pp. 351–366
16. Acknowledgement
Financial support of UK NERC Energy Programme (NE/H013865/2)
Information and discussion from
Dr. Russell Cooper
Mr. Ketan Mistry
Mr. Julian Field
from National Grid
Related publications:
Luo, X., Mistry, K., Okezue, C., Wang, M., Cooper, R., Oko, E., Field, J. (2014), Process
simulation and analysis for CO2 transport pipeline design and operation – case study for
the Humber Region in the UK, European symposium on computer-aided process
engineering (ESCAPE24), Budapest, Hungary. Published in Computer Aided Chemical
Engineering, Vol. 33, p1633-1639
Luo X, Wang M, Oko E, Okezue C. Simulation-based techno-economic evaluation for
optimal design of CO2 transport pipeline network. Applied Energy 2014;132(0):610-620
17. Thanks
Thank you for you attention!
Questions are welcome.
Contact us if you are interested in our works.
Meihong Wang
Meihong.Wang@hull.ac.uk
UK office: 01482 466688
Xiaobo Luo
X.Luo@hull.ac.uk