Research Coordination Network on Carbon Capture, Utilization and Storage Funded by National Science Foundation in USA - A.-H. Alissa Park, Columbia University - UKCCSRC Strathclyde Biannual 8-9 September 2015

1. A.-H. Alissa Park
Departments of Earth and Environmental Engineering & Chemical Engineering
Lenfest Center for Sustainable Energy
Columbia University
UKCCSRC, Glasgow, UK
September 9th, 2015
Research Coordination Network on
Carbon Capture, Utilization and Storage
– US NSF –

2. Large-scale CCS projects in key markets by project lifecycle
North America continues to dominate the projects landscape; China
increasing in importance; project progress has stalled in Europe
• (Brad Page, CEO, Wye River Thought Leadership Forum, 24 June 2014)

3. Develop Technology Options for GHG Management
 Capture Goals: captured cost of CO2 less than $40/tonne in the 2020-
2025 timeframe with longer commitments to extending R&D support to
even more advanced transformational carbon capture technologies
beyond 2035.
 Carbon Storage: predict geologic storage capacity to within +/- 30% and
permanence of geologic storage up to 99%. Increased EOR activities
from 32 million tons of CO2 per year
 Monitoring, Verification and Accounting (MVA)
 CO2 Utilization: enhanced oil/gas recovery, CO2 as feedstock, non-
geologic storage of CO2, indirect storage, beneficial use of produced
water, breakthrough concepts
US DOE Goals (energy.gov)

4. FutureGen 2.0
Artist's rendering of the proposed FutureGen plant (FutureGen Alliance)
FutureGen 2.0 will be the world’s first, near-zero emissions commercial scale coal-fueled power
plant that is fully integrated with geologic carbon capture and storage
• CO2 capture: Retrofitting an existing coal-fueled power plant in Meredosia, Illinois with cutting
edge oxy-combustion clean coal technology
• Transport: Construction of a CO2 pipeline from Meredosia to a CO2 storage facility
• Storage: northeastern Morgan County, Illinois in Mt. Simon sandstone formation
Total capital cost is ~$1.65 billion ($ 1 billion from DOE
and the rest is from the private sector); Construction to
start in 2014 and operations to begin in 2017
On Sept 2, 2014, the EPA approved its injection permit
 Suspended in Feb. 2015

5. Boundary Dam Carbon Capture Project
Company/Alliance: SaskPower Feedstock: Coal Start Date: Started in October 2014
Location: Unit #3, Boundary Dam Power Station, Estevan, Saskatchewan, Canada
Size: 139 MW gross. 110 MW net (1Mt/yr) Retrofit
Capture Technology: Post-combustion amine
CO2 Fate: EOR in Weyburn field (90% of CO2). Transportation is via 66 km pipeline built by Cenovus. Excess
CO2 is to be used at the Aquistore project 2 km away

6. Novel CO2 Capture Solvents (2011 & 2012 NETL CO2 Capture Technology Meeting)
 Ionic liquids
 CO2BOLs
 Liquid-like Nanoparticle Organic Hybrid Materials
 Carbonic Anhydrase (Enzyme)
 Phase changing absorbents

7. Nanoparticle Organic Hybrid Materials (NOHMs)
 Solvent-free liquid-like hybrid
systems
 Solvent tethered to nanoparticle
cores
 Zero-vapor pressure and improved
thermal stability
 Tunable chemical and physical
properties
 Liquid, solid, gel
 Solvation in NOHMs driven by both
entropic and enthalpic interactions
 Straightforward synthesis
 Easy to scale up

8.  Introduction of nanoparticles increases the viscosity of the system
Viscosity Issues

9. Encapsulated Solvents
Silicone microcapsules containing 3
wt% potassium carbonate dyed with
thymol blue
Dark-field optical images of silicone
microcapsules containing 30 wt%
sodium carbonate
Capture in air and regeneration at 70 ºC.
Scale bar, 500 mm
Microcapsules
for carbon
capture
Vericella, et al., Nature Communications (2015)

10. http://energy.gov/fe/articles/doe-selects-16-transformational-carbon-capture-technologies-projects-funding
Sorption Enhanced Mixed Matrix Membranes for
H2 Purification and CO2 Capture
Hybrid Encapsulated Ionic Liquids for Post-
combustion CO2 Capture

11. Now, we have CO2, what do we do?

12. Various Feedstocks for Carbon Mineralization
Source: Kurt Houz
Availability
silicate minerals >> industrial wastes
Crystallinity
industrial wastes < minerals
Reactivity
industrial wastes > minerals
Pre-processing requirements
(e.g., mining, crushing etc.,)
industrial wastes < minerals
Carbonation of industrial wastes results in reclassification of these materials as non-hazardous
hence safe for landfilling and for long-term carbon storage
Baotao Steel in China

15. CO2 Utilization
http://www.netl.doe.gov/research/coal/carbon-
storage/research-and-development/co2-utilization

16. Biomass CO2 Recycling

17. Capture of CO2 from air and Co-electrolysis

18. Jon Gibbins (United Kingdom Carbon Capture and
Storage Research Center, United Kingdom) "How Can
CCS Become a Global Policy Option in Ten Years?"
Juerg Matter (University of Southampton,
United Kingdom) "In Situ Carbon Dioxide
Mineralization for Permanent Storage"

19. Debates on
CO2 storage, utilization vs. conversion