Photovoltaic thermal (PV/T) collectors with nanofluids and nano-Phase Change Material

PERFORMANCE OF PHOTOVOLTAIC THERMAL (PV/T)
COLLECTORS WITH NANOFLUIDS AND NANO-PCM
Ali Hussein Abdul zahra Al-waeli
Matric No. P86588
PhD Candidate
Supervision committee
Professor Dato' Dr. Kamaruzzaman Sopian
Dr. Adnan Ibrahim
Professor Dr. Sohif Mat
Professor Dr. Mohd Hafidz Ruslan
Assoc. Professor Dr. Hussein A. Kazem

• Introduction
• Literature Review
• Problem Statement/Objectives/Scope
• Methodology
• Mathematical Modelling
• Experimental Setup
• Results and Observations
• Conclusions & Recommendations
C

Absorber design can enhance the heat transfer, especially when covering more surface area of the panel
Photovoltaic thermal (PV/T)
C

RATIONALE FOR USING PVT (a)
Flat Plate
Solar Collector
Photovoltaic
Panel
Photovoltaic thermal
Solar Collector
C

RATIONALE FOR USING PVT (b)
 Area of Collector = Area of thermal collector (At)
+Area of photovoltaic panel (Apv)
 Efficiency = ( thermal efficiency (t) + Electrical
efficiency (el))2
Thermal Efficiency = 60 %
Electrical Efficiency = 10 %
Combined Photovoltaic Thermal Efficiency = 35 %
 Area of Collector = Area of thermal collector
(At) +Area of photovoltaic panel (Apv)
 Efficiency = thermal efficiency (t) + Electrical
efficiency (el)
Thermal Efficiency = 50 %
Electrical Efficiency = 14 %
Combined Photovoltaic Thermal Efficiency = 64 %
ST PV PV/T
Flat Plate Solar
Collector
C

Advanced Cooling Techniques – Nanofluids & nano-
PCM
 Nanofluids: A nano-sized particle Mixed in fluids as water, in order to enhance thermo-physical
properties
 PCM: A phase change material like Paraffin used to increasing thermal capacitance and whereby
controlling the temperature at a desired temperature.
C

LITERATURE REVIEW (selected authors)
AUTHOR TITLE DISCUSSIONS
1 Palaskar VN &
Deshmukh SP 2015
Performance analysis of a specially
designed flow heat exchanger used in
hybrid PV/Thermal solar system
Performed experimental tests to evaluate
the impact of spiral flow absorber on PV/T
performance. The maximum achieved
thermal and electrical efficiencies were
68.2% & 12.9%, respectively.
2 Hassani et al. 2016 Environmental and exergy benefit of
nanofluid-based hybrid PV/T systems
Theoretically analyzed the exergy life cycle
for three variables nanofluids-based PV/T
hybrid systems. The maximum electrical
and exegetic efficiencies achieved were
both around 12%.
3 Adriana MA 2017 Hybrid nanofluids based on Al2O3, TiO2
and SiO2: numerical evaluation of
different approaches
Studied the thermophysical properties of
three oxide-based nanofluids. Concluded
that the use of nanofluids enhanced the
thermal conductivity by 12%, and raised
the convective heat transfer Coefficient
Journals: 300+ Proceedings: 100+

PROBLEM STATEMENT
There is a need to develop compact cost-competitive high-efficiency
PV/T Collectors. Throughout the literature the focus of efforts have
been to develop and modify nanofluids and PCM, separately. There is
CLEARLY no mention of adding both nanofluids and Phase Change
Material (PCM) for further enhancement of PV/T collector. Employing
nanoparticles in PCM and implementing this nano-pcm along with
nanofluid to increase the overall performance of PV/T would be very
beneficial to the PV/T market by presenting a novel design, higher
efficiency and superior performance over the long run. Hence, a PV/T
collector with nanofluids and nano-PCM will enable to achieve highest
performing, cost-competitive energy system.

OBJECTIVES
Research Objectives
Research
Methodologies
 To develop the mathematical model for the new design of PV/T
with nano-PCM and nanofluid.
Theoretical
 To fabricate the experimental setup for the nano-PCM and
nanofluid system.
Experimental
 To compare the theoretical and experimental results to examine
their consistency.
Both theoretical
and experimental
 To conduct Life Cycle Cost Analysis (LCCA) on the nano-PCM and
Nanofluid based PV/T System.
Both theoretical
and experimental

Scope of Study
Research Domain Limitations
 Focus on method of mixing nanofluids
and nano-PCM
 Don’t focus on best type of nanofluids or
PCM necessarily nor non-organic PCM
 To investigate the electrical behavior of
crystalline silicon PV
 Amorphous silicon & other types are
excluded
 To focus on tropical climate conditions of
Malaysia
 Desert and freezing climates (the
extremes) are excluded
 LCCA presents the capital, maintenance,
replacement and salvage costs. In
addition to CoE and LCC.
 LCCA does not include GPBP or EPBP

METHODOLOGY
Nanomaterial preparation & characterization (a)
Steps of preparing nanofluids and measuring the thermo-
physical properties

METHODOLOGY
Nanomaterial preparation & characterization (b)

METHODOLOGY
Mathematical modelling
C

METHODOLOGY
Experimental studies (a)

METHODOLOGY
Experimental studies (b)

METHODOLOGY
Performance prediction using ANN (a)
C

METHODOLOGY
Performance prediction using ANN (b)
C

METHODOLOGY
Life Cycle Cost Analysis
C

Cross-section view of the collector design
COLLECTOR DESIGN
Nano-PCM
tank

COLLECTOR DESIGN
Top view – nano-PCM tank & nanofluid tubes
Entering nanofluid
Exiting nanofluid
Exhaust
air bubbles
Entering liquid
nano-PCM
Exiting liquid
nano-PCM
Nano-PCM tank

ENERGY BALANCE EQUATIONS
1. One-dimensional (1D) thermal models, as the sides and back of the system completely
isolated
2. Isothermal surface was assumed, so edge effects were neglected (edges are well
isolated)
3. The flow is fully developed in the tubes
4. The effect of the friction in the pipes is neglected
5. All surfaces had the same area (glass, PV, and wax tank)
6. The thermal properties of all solid materials are constant with temperature variation
7. Temperature of coil surface (Tcoil) is approximately equal to wax temperature (Twax)
8. There is no dust or partial shading on the collector
Assumptions

Energy balance & equivalent thermal resistance circuit

•
dTglass
dt
= 0.105 + 7.8 × 10−6
G − 0.075Tglass + 0.075TPVT −
1.1 × 10−11
Tglass
4
•
dTPVT
dt
= 0.0035 G − 1.018Tglass − 2273.47TPVT + 2274.5Twax
•
dTwax
dt
= 3.78 + 190.72 TPVT − 190.722 Twax − 0.15Tfluid
•
𝜕Tfluid
𝜕t
= 0.00123 Tcoil − Tfluid − 1.9
𝜕Tfluid
𝜕z

• The electric power (Pmax) is expressed as:
Where (Imp) is the maximum power point current and (Vmp) is the maximum power
point voltage. The power unit is watts (W).
• The electrical efficiency (e) of conventional PV is calculated using the formula
below:
Where (G) is the solar irradiance in w/m2 and (AC) is the collector area in m2
POWER AND EFFICIENCIES
𝑷 𝒎𝒂𝒙 = 𝑰 𝒎𝒑 × 𝑽 𝒎𝒑
 𝒆
=
𝑷
𝑮 × 𝑨 𝑷𝒂𝒏𝒆𝒍

• The total of the efficiencies, which is known as total efficiency combined is used to
evaluate the overall performance of the system:
• The thermal efficiency (th) of the conventional flat plate solar collector is calculated
using the formula below:
• For temperature-dependent electrical efficiency of the PV module, el the
expression is given as below:
COMBINED PV/T EFFICIENCY
elthcombined  
c(t)
u
ht
A*I
Q
=  )( aiLRcu TTUSFAQ 
 )TT(*= rpmrel   1
Hottel–Whillier
equations

• The Life Cycle Cost of the Photovoltaic thermal (PV/T) system is:
• the present worth of each factor which is calculated using the future sum of money
(F) in a given year (N) at a given interest rate (i) and inflation rate (f):
• The cost of energy (COE) is calculated based on LCC and system energy production:
Life Cycle Cost Analysis
𝐿𝐶𝐶 = 𝐶 𝐶𝑎𝑝𝑖𝑡𝑎𝑙 +
1
𝑛
𝐶 𝑂&𝑀 × 𝑅 𝑃𝑊 +
1
𝑛
𝐶𝑟𝑒𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑐𝑒𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡 × 𝑅 𝑃𝑊 − 𝐶𝑆𝑎𝑙𝑣𝑎𝑔𝑒 × 𝑅 𝑃𝑊
𝑅 𝑃𝑊 =
𝐹
(1 + 𝑖) 𝑁
CoE =
𝐿𝐶𝐶
1
𝑛 𝐸 𝑃𝑉

EXPERIMENTAL SETUP
Photovoltaic Thermal (PVT) System Schematic Diagram

Entering nanofluid
Exiting nanofluid
Exhaust air bubbles
Entering liquid nano-PCM
Exiting liquid nano-PCM
Photovoltaic panelNano-PCM tank
PV/T COLLECTOR WITH NANO-PCM & NANOFLUIDS

NANO-PCM TANK & NANOFLUID TUBES

EXPERIMENTAL SETUP
Photographs of the experimental setup

EXPERIMENTAL SETUP
1.2 kWp GCPV/T array (composed of 10 – 120 Wp)

EXPERIMENTAL SETUP
Paraffin
SiC and Paraffin
SiC-Paraffin

EXPERIMENTAL SETUP
Paraffin SiC-Paraffin
Large scale production

• Introduction
• Literature Review
• Problem Statement/Objectives/Scope
• Methodology
• Mathematical Modelling
• Experimental Setup
• Results and Observations
• Conclusions & Recommendations

Nanofluids and Nano-PCM Properties
FESEM, XRD and EDS of SiC-Paraffin & SiC

0.97
0.975
0.98
0.985
0.99
0.995
1
1.005
20 30 40 50 60
Density(g/ml)
Temperature (°C)
0% SiC 1.0% SiC 1.5% SiC
2.0% SiC 3.0% SiC 4.0% SiC
0.9
0.92
0.94
0.96
0.98
1
1.02
20 30 40 50 60
Viscosity(mPa.s)
Temperature (°C)
0% SiC 1.0% SiC 1.5% SiC
2.0% SiC 3.0% SiC 4.0% SiC
0.6
0.62
0.64
0.66
0.68
0.7
0.72
20 30 40 50 60
Thermalconductivity(W/m.K)
Temperature (°C)
0% SiC 1.0% SiC 1.5% SiC
2.0% SiC 3.0% SiC 4.0% SiC
Added nano-SiC was (3 wt. %) to water
Density rose by 8.2% Viscosity rose up to 5.18% Thermal conductivity rose up to 4.3%

Added nano-SiC was (0.1 wt. %) to PCM
0
0.02
0.04
0.06
0.08
0.1
0.12
0.14
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
4.5
5
0.00
0.10
0.50
1.00
2.00
3.00
4.00
5.00
Relativethermalcapacityenhancement(%)
Relativethermalconductivityenhancement(%)
Nano-SiC mass fraction (%)
Relative thermal conductivity enhancement
Relative thermal capacity enhancement
Change in
thermophysical
properties of
Paraffin
0.1 % Mass
fraction added to
the paraffin wax
(PCM)
Density
enhancement
0.01%
Viscosity
enhancement
0.1%

Theoretical studies from Energy Balance
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
8:25AM
8:40AM
8:55AM
9:10AM
9:25AM
9:40AM
9:55AM
10:10AM
10:25AM
10:40AM
10:55AM
11:10AM
11:25AM
11:40AM
11:55AM
12:10PM
12:25PM
12:40PM
12:55PM
1:10PM
1:25PM
1:40PM
1:55PM
2:10PM
2:25PM
2:40PM
2:55PM
3:10PM
3:25PM
3:40PM
3:55PM
4:11PM
4:26PM
4:41PM
4:56PM
5:11PM
5:26PM
5:41PM
Temperature(oC)
Time (hours)
Ambient Temp Glass Temp-Theoretical

0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
8:25AM
8:40AM
8:55AM
9:10AM
9:25AM
9:40AM
9:55AM
10:10AM
10:25AM
10:40AM
10:55AM
11:10AM
11:25AM
11:40AM
11:55AM
12:10PM
12:25PM
12:40PM
12:55PM
1:10PM
1:25PM
1:40PM
1:55PM
2:10PM
2:25PM
2:40PM
2:55PM
3:10PM
3:25PM
3:40PM
3:55PM
4:11PM
4:26PM
4:41PM
4:56PM
5:11PM
5:26PM
5:41PM
Temperature(oC)
Time (hours)
Ambient Temp PVT Temp-Theoretical

0
10
20
30
40
50
60
8:25AM
8:40AM
8:55AM
9:10AM
9:25AM
9:40AM
9:55AM
10:10AM
10:25AM
10:40AM
10:55AM
11:10AM
11:25AM
11:40AM
11:55AM
12:10PM
12:25PM
12:40PM
12:55PM
1:10PM
1:25PM
1:40PM
1:55PM
2:10PM
2:25PM
2:40PM
2:55PM
3:10PM
3:25PM
3:40PM
3:55PM
4:11PM
4:26PM
4:41PM
4:56PM
5:11PM
5:26PM
5:41PM
Temperature(oC)
Time (hours)
Ambient Temp Wax Temp-Theoretical

0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
8:25AM
8:40AM
8:55AM
9:10AM
9:25AM
9:40AM
9:55AM
10:10AM
10:25AM
10:40AM
10:55AM
11:10AM
11:25AM
11:40AM
11:55AM
12:10PM
12:25PM
12:40PM
12:55PM
1:10PM
1:25PM
1:40PM
1:55PM
2:10PM
2:25PM
2:40PM
2:55PM
3:10PM
3:25PM
3:40PM
3:55PM
4:11PM
4:26PM
4:41PM
4:56PM
5:11PM
5:26PM
5:41PM
Temperature(oC)
Time (hours)
Ambient Temp Fluid Temp-Theoretical

20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
10 12.5 15 17.5 20 22.5 25
PV'SPANELTEMP.(°C)
DIAMETER (MM)
Is=400 W/m2. Is=600 W/m2. Is=800 W/m2. Is=1000 W/m2.
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
0 0.05 0.1 0.15 0.2
TEMPERATURE(°C)
MAS FLOW RATE (KG/S)
PV panel PCM Nanofluid
Effect of pipe diameter, solar irradiance and mass flow rate (ANSYS)

RESULTS & OBSERVATIONS
Temperature vs. Mass flow rate

Temperature vs. Time

Thermal energy vs. Time

Thermal efficiency vs. Time

Voltage across solar irradiance and time

Current across solar irradiance and time

Electric PV power across solar irradiance and Time

Electrical efficiency across solar irradiation and Time

0
20
40
60
80
100
120
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
PVTPOWER(W)
TIME (HOURS)
PVT cell.w PVT cell.pcm.w PVT cell.n.pcm.nf
Average daily generated powers

I-V curve

P-V curve

P-I curve

Daily generated Power of GCPV/T

Yield Factor of GCPV/T

Capacity Factor of GCPV/T

Voltage of GCPV/T across solar irradiance and time

Current of GCPV/T across solar irradiation and time

Power of GCPV/T across solar irradiation and time

Proposed GCPV/T vs GCPV

Annual capacity factor (22.03%)
RPV (85.43%)
Temp. losses (13.83%)
Inv. losses (6.7%)
Energy of system (0.682 kWh/day)
Grid-Connected 120Wp PV/T

0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
8:00 AM 9:12 AM 10:24 AM11:36 AM12:48 PM 2:00 PM 3:12 PM 4:24 PM 5:36 PM
Thermalefficiency(%)
Time (hours)
"Measured" Theoretical
Comparison between EBE theoretical & measured thermal efficiency

Comparison between EBE theoretical & measured electrical efficiency

55
57
59
61
63
65
67
69
0 0.02 0.04 0.06 0.08 0.1 0.12 0.14 0.16 0.18 0.2
PCMtemperature(°C)
Mass flow rate (kg/s)
Nanofluid-Experimental Nanofluid-Numerical
Comparison between (ANSYS)
theoretical & measured, PCM temp. vs. flow rate

MLP network for performance-prediction of
proposed collector

SOFM network for performance-prediction of
proposed collector

SVM network for performance-prediction of
proposed collector

COMPARISON WITH LITERATURE
Correlation coefficient
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
[59] [78] [88] [89] [42] [43] [44] MLP/ PVT-
PCM_WAT
-Nano_NF-
Curr
MLP/ PVT-
PCM_WAT
-
Nano_NF_
eff
SOFM/
PVT-
PCM_WAT
-Nano- NF-
Curr
SOFM/
PVT-
PCM_WAT
-
Nano_NF_-
eff
SVM/ PVT-
PCM_WAT
-Nano- NF-
Curr
SVM/ PVT-
PCM_WAT
-
Nano_NF_-
eff
R 0.95 0.958 0.96 0.96 0.978 0.978 0.998 0.74308 0.54186 0.94753 0.90064 0.99662 0.99109
R
References
Present work

relative error
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
[44] [41] [43] [44] MLP/ PVT-
PCM_WAT-
Nano_NF-
Curr
MLP/ PVT-
PCM_WAT-
Nano_NF_eff
SOFM/ PVT-
PCM_WAT-
Nano- NF-
Curr
SOFM/ PVT-
PCM_WAT-
Nano_NF_-
eff
SVM/ PVT-
PCM_WAT-
Nano- NF-
Curr
SVM/ PVT-
PCM_WAT-
Nano_NF_-
eff
RMSE (%) 8.57 7.5 10.09 5.6 0.45229 0.71018 0.10298 0.19052 0.60664 0.33353
RMSE(%)
References
COMPARISON WITH LITERATURE
Present work

No. Item Unit price (USD) Quantity Price
(USD)
Life time
years
1 PV module 2.0/Wp 120 240 25
2 Support structure 20 1 20 25
3 Inverter 0.5/Wp 160 75 15
4 Circuit breakers 5 1 5 15
5 Civil & installation work 20 - 20 25
6 Pump 40 - 40 15
7 Heat exchanger 50 - 50 25
8 PCM tank 50 - 50 25
9 Nanofluid 1/litre 12litre 12 25
10 Nanofluid tank 20 - 20 25
11 Nano-PCM 1/g-0.75/kg 12g-12kg 21 1
12 Pipe 1.5/m 25m 37.5 25
13 Insulation 5 1m2 5
Total 595.5 25
PV/T cost breakdown

Cost breakdown per system component

Project cash flow over life span (conventional GCPV
system)

Project cash flow over life span (conventional GCPV/T
system)

Electrical and Total PVT efficiencies compared to other systems

CONCLUSIONS
Objective 1
 To develop the mathematical model for the new
design of PV/T with nano-PCM and nanofluid.
 The (EBE) mathematical model was developed and
tested using MATLAB software with environmental
inputs. Modelling of pipe diameter and heat transfer
of the proposed system was conducted using CFD
simulation.
 Thermal efficiencies is found at 75% .

CONCLUSIONS
Objective 2
 To fabricate the experimental setup for the nano-PCM
and nanofluid system.
 The proposed system was fabricated in standalone
and grid-connected configurations. The thermal,
electrical and combined PV/T efficiencies are 72,
13.7 and 85.7%. Optimum mass flowrate is set for
0.175 kg/s.

CONCLUSIONS
Objective 3
 To compare the theoretical and experimental results
to examine their consistency.
 The ANSYS simulation shows a drop in PCM
temperature across with increase of mass flowrate.
This behavior closely resembles the experiments. For
the EBE the RME is 3.72% and 6.81% for electrical and
thermal efficiencies, respectively. Theoretical and
experimental work are consistent.

CONCLUSIONS
Objective 4
 To conduct Life Cycle Cost Analysis (LCCA) on the
nano-PCM and Nanofluid based PV/T System.
 The Life Cycle Cost, Capital cost, maintenance cost
and replacement cost in US$ are 1390.17, 595.50,
35.62 and 528.31.
 Cost of electricity and payback periods found to be $
0.125 / kWh and 5-6 years, respectively.

PVT efficiency:
85.7%
PVT efficiency:
74.1%
PVT efficiency:
60.4 %
Water based - PV/T
nanofluid based - PV/T
Nano-PCM & nanofluid based - PV/T
Evolution of PV/T SYSTEMS
C

PVTn-pcm. nf vs PV
Power
Voltage
Efficiency
Thermal
output
119.5 W
20.6 V
13.7%
13.8 kW
61.1W
11-13V
7.11%
None
For PV
performance
under STC of
- 14%
- Voc 21.5 V
- Isc 7.63 A
- P 120 ± 3 W
C

RECOMMENDATIONS
4. Implementation of fins and rings for heat dissipation for design of PCM
based PV/T in passive mode.
1. Investigating of non-organic PCM material for application of nanofluid &
nano-PCM based PV/T.
2. Investigation of advanced designs of proposed system with high
concentration ratio .
3. Design of hybrid nanofluid, nano-PCM and water based PV/T for reduced
material costs.

LIST OF PUBLICATION
INTERNATIONAL JOURNALS
2016
[1] Ali H. Al-Waeli, K. Sopian, Hussein A Kazem and Miqdam T. Chaichan, "Photovoltaic Solar Thermal (PV/T) Collectors Past, Present and Future: A Review",
International Journal of Applied Engineering Research (ISSN 0973-4562), India, Vol. 11, No. 22, PP. 10757-10765, 2016 (Research India Publications, Scopus -
Q4 - 2016).
2017
[2] Ali H. A. Alwaeli, K. Sopian, Hussein A Kazem and Miqdam T Chainchan, "Photovoltaic/Thermal (PV/T) Systems: Status and Future Prospects", Renewable
and Sustainable Energy Reviews RSER (ISSN 13640321), Netherlands, No. 77, PP. 109-130, 2017 (Elsevier BV, ISI, Scopus - Q1 – 2017).
[3] Ali H. A. Alwaeli, K. Sopian, Hussein A Kazem, Miqdam T Chainchan and Husam Abdul rasul, "An experimental investigation on using of nano-SiC-water as
base-fluid for photovoltaic thermal PV/T system ", Energy Conversion and Management (ISSN 01968904), UK, No. 142, PP. 547-558, 2017 (Elsevier Ltd, ISI,
Scopus – Q1 – 2017).
[4] Ali H. A. Alwaeli, K. Sopian, Miqdam T Chainchan, Hussein A Kazem, Adnan Ibrahim, Sohif Mat, and Mohd Hafidz Ruslan. "Evaluation of the nanofluid and
nano-PCM based photovoltaic thermal (PVT) system: An experimental study." Energy Conversion and Management (ISSN 01968904), UK, No. 151, PP. 693-
708, 2017 (Elsevier Ltd, ISI, Scopus – Q1 – 2017).
[5] Ali H. A. Alwaeli, Miqdam T. Chaichan, Hussein A. Kazem, and K. Sopian. "Comparative study to use nano-(Al2O3, CuO, and SiC) with water to enhance
photovoltaic thermal PV/T collectors." Energy Conversion and Management Energy Conversion and Management (ISSN 01968904), UK, No. 148, PP. 963-973,
2017 (Elsevier Ltd, ISI, Scopus – Q1 – 2017).
[6] Ali H. Al-Waeli, K. Sopian, Hussein A Kazem and Miqdam T. Chaichan, “Photovoltaic thermal PV/T systems: A review” International Journal of
Computation and Applied Sciences IJOCAAS (ISSN 2399-4509), UK, Vol. 2, No. 2, PP. 62-67, 2017 (Google Scholar).
[7] Ali H. Al-Waeli, Miqdam T. Chaichan, K. Sopian, Hussein A Kazem, “Energy Storage: CFD Modeling of Thermal Energy Storage for a Phase Change Materials
(PCM) added to a PV/T using nanofluid as a coolant”, Journal of Scientific and Engineering Research (ISSN: 2394-2630), 2017, Vol. 4, Issue 12, PP.193-202.
[8] Ali H. A. Alwaeli and Hussain Falih Mahdi, "Standalone PV systems for rural areas in Sabah, Malaysia: Review and case study application ", International
Journal of Computation and Applied Sciences IJOCAAS (ISSN 2399-4509), UK, Vol. 2, No. 1, PP. 41-45, 2017 (Google Scholar).
[9] Ali H. A. Alwaeli, K. Sopian, Adnan Ibrahim, Sohif Mat, and Mohd Hafidz Ruslan, "Nanofluid based photovoltaic thermal (PVT) incorporation in palm oil
production process", International Journal of Computation and Applied Sciences IJOCAAS (ISSN 2399-4509), UK, Vol. 3, No. 3, PP. 292-294, 2017 (Google
Scholar).

LIST OF PUBLICATION
INTERNATIONAL JOURNALS
2018
[10] Ali H. A. Alwaeli, Hussein A Kazem, K. Sopian and Miqdam T Chainchan. "Techno-economical assessment of
grid connected PV/T using nanoparticles and water as base-fluid systems in Malaysia", International Journal of
Sustainable Energy (ISSN 14786451), Vol. 37, No. 6, PP. 558-575, 2018 (Francis & Taylor, ISI, Scopus – Q3 – 2018).
[11] Ali H. A. Alwaeli, K. Sopian, Hussein A. Kazem, Jabar H. Yousif, Miqdam T. Chaichan, Adnan Ibrahim, Sohif
Mat, and Mohd Hafidz Ruslan. "Comparison of prediction methods of PV/T nanofluid and nano-PCM system using
a measured dataset and Artificial Neural Network." Solar Energy (ISSN 0038092), No. 162, PP. 378-396, 2018
(Elsevier Ltd, ISI, Scopus – Q1 – 2018).
[12] Ali H. A. Alwaeli, Miqdam T. Chaichan, Hussein A. Kazem, K. Sopian, Adnan Ibrahim, Sohif Mat, and Mohd
Hafidz Ruslan. "Comparison study of indoor/outdoor experiments of a photovoltaic thermal PV/T system
containing SiC nanofluid as a coolant" Energy (ISSN 03605442), No. 151, PP. 33-44, 2018 (Elsevier Ltd, ISI, Scopus –
Q1 – 2018).
[13] Ali H. A. Alwaeli, Miqdam T. Chaichan, Hussein A. Kazem, K. Sopian, and Javad Safaei. "Numerical study on
the effect of operating nanofluids of photovoltaic thermal system (PV/T) on the convective heat transfer." Case
Studies in Thermal Engineering (2018). Energy (ISSN 2214157), Vol. 12, PP. 405-413, 2018 (Elsevier Ltd, ISI, Scopus
– Q1 – 2018).
[14] Ali H. A. Alwaeli, K. Sopian, Hussein A. Kazem, and Miqdam T. Chaichan. "Nanofluid based grid connected
PV/T systems in Malaysia: A techno-economical assessment." Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments
(ISSN 22131388), Vol. 28, PP. 81-95, 2018 (Elsevier Limited ISI, Scopus – Q1 – 2018).

[15] Kamaruzzaman Sopian, Ali H A Alwaeli, Husam Abdulrasool Hasan, Ali Najah Al-Shamani, “Recent
advances in innovative and compact photovoltaic thermal solar collectors” ICRSE, Coimbatore, India
2017.
[16] Kamaruzzaman Sopian, Ali H A Alwaeli, Husam Abdulrasool Hasan and Ali Najah Al-Shamani,
“Advances in High Efficiency Photovoltaic Thermal Solar Collectors” Advanced Science Letters, ICE-
SEAM 2017 Conference, Melaka, Malaysia.
[17] Kamaruzzaman Sopian, Ali H. Alwaeli and Hussein A. Kazem “The use of Nanofluids for Enhancing
the Performance in Photovoltaic Thermal Systems” Journal of advanced manufacturing technology
2017.
[18] Kamaruzzaman Sopiana, Ali H. A. Alwaeli, Ali Najah Al-Shamani and A. M. Elbreki
“Thermodynamic analysis of new concepts for enhancing cooling of PV panels for Grid-Connected PV
systems” Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry, 2017.
[19] Ali H. A. Alwaeli, Kamaruzzaman Sopian, Adnan Ibrahim, Sohif Mat and Mohd Hafidz Ruslan
“Application of nanofluids and phase change material (PCM) in photovoltaic thermal (PV/T) collectors”
5th SERI Colloquium 2017 special issues for Journal of engineering UKM –2017. (Accepted with minor
revision).
[20] Kamaruzzaman Sopian, Ali H. A. Alwaeli, and Hussein A. Kazem, “ The way forward for nanofluids
as coolants for PV/T systems in Malaysia” special issues for Journal of engineering UKM –2018.
(Accepted with minor revision).
LIST OF PUBLICATION
NATIONAL/INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCES

• 1st prize winner in 3-minute thesis competition 2018, UKM,
Malaysia.
• 2nd prize winner in sustainability challenge 2017 "Palm oil industry
and community sustainability", The national university of Malaysia,
30th of November 2017, for presentation " Nanofluid based
photovoltaic thermal (PVT) incorporation in palm oil production
process ".
• Silver medal in PECIPTA 2017 "International conference and
exhibitions on inventions by institutions of higher learning", Kuala
Terengganu, 7-9th of October 2017, for invention "Grid connected
Photovoltaic thermal system with nanofluids".
LIST OF PUBLICATION
COMPETITION PARTICIPATION & AWARDS

PHOTOVOLTAIC THERMAL COLLECTOR WITH NANO-PCM AND
NANOFLUIDS (PI 2018701258)
FILED FOR PATENT

Disclaimer Some of the figures/tables in this presentation are not owned by the Presenter, they are
material copyrighted to their rightful owners. This presentation is intended for non-profit educational
purposes. Slides with copyrighted material (images/tables) contain the letter C in the bottom right
corner. The actual presentation contains elements that are not mentioned in the PowerPoint and even
edits to the PowerPoint. Still, this presentation contain useful information and figures with regards to
artificial neural networks and photovoltaic thermal (PV/T) collectors with nanofluids and nano-PCM. This
presentation was prepared independently by the presenter and is owned by: Dr. Ali H. A. Alwaeli

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