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Trig Integrals with
       Euler
Trig Integrals with
              Euler
 sin 3 xdx
Trig Integrals with
                Euler
  sin xdx     e3ix  3eix  3e  ix  e3ix  dx
             1

     3

             8i
Trig Integrals with
               Euler
  sin xdx     e3ix  3eix  3e  ix  e3ix  dx
             1

    3

             8i
             1  1 3ix 3ix 3 ix  ix 
              e  e    e  e   c
             8i  3i                  i             
Trig Integrals with
               Euler
  sin xdx     e3ix  3eix  3e  ix  e3ix  dx
             1

    3

             8i
             1  1 3ix 3ix 3 ix  ix 
              e  e    e  e   c
             8i  3i                  i             
             1       3
            cos3 x  cos x  c
            12       4
Trig Integrals with
               Euler
  sin xdx     e3ix  3eix  3e  ix  e3ix  dx
             1

    3

             8i
             1  1 3ix 3ix 3 ix  ix 
              e  e    e  e   c
             8i  3i                  i             
             1       3
            cos3 x  cos x  c
            12       4

             4cos x  3cos x   cos x  c
             1     3              3
            12                    4
Trig Integrals with
               Euler
  sin xdx     e3ix  3eix  3e  ix  e3ix  dx
             1

    3

             8i
             1  1 3ix 3ix 3 ix  ix 
              e  e    e  e   c
             8i  3i                  i             
             1       3
            cos3 x  cos x  c
            12       4

             4cos x  3cos x   cos x  c
             1     3              3
            12                    4
            1        1       3
            cos x  cos x  cos x  c
                3

            3        4       4
Trig Integrals with
               Euler
  sin xdx     e3ix  3eix  3e  ix  e3ix  dx
             1

    3

             8i
             1  1 3ix 3ix 3 ix  ix 
              e  e    e  e   c
             8i  3i                  i             
             1       3
            cos3 x  cos x  c
            12       4

             4cos x  3cos x   cos x  c
             1       3            3
            12                    4
            1          1        3
            cos x  cos x  cos x  c
                3

            3          4        4
            1
            cos3 x  cos x  c
            3
 sin 4 xdx
 sin 4 xdx 
                 1
                16 
                      e4ix  4e2ix  6  4e2ix  e4ix  dx

             1
            16 
  sin 4 xdx      e4ix  4e2ix  6  4e2ix  e4ix  dx
             1  1 4ix 4ix 2 2ix 2ix                    
             e  e   e  e   6x  c
            16  4i                   i                   

             1
            16 
  sin 4 xdx      e4ix  4e2ix  6  4e2ix  e4ix  dx
             1  1 4ix 4ix 2 2ix 2ix                    
             e  e   e  e   6x  c
            16  4i                   i                   
             1             1           3
            sin 4 x  sin 2 x  x  c
            32             4           8
 sin 4 xdx 
                1
               16 
                     e4ix  4e2ix  6  4e2ix  e4ix  dx
                1  1 4ix 4ix 2 2ix 2ix                    
                e  e   e  e   6x  c
               16  4i                   i                   
                1             1           3
               sin 4 x  sin 2 x  x  c
               32             4           8

 sin 5 xdx

             1
            16 
  sin 4 xdx      e4ix  4e2ix  6  4e2ix  e4ix  dx
             1  1 4ix 4ix 2 2ix 2ix                       
            e  e   e  e   6x  c
            16  4i                   i                      
             1             1           3
           sin 4 x  sin 2 x  x  c
            32             4           8

                  e5ix  5e3ix  10eix  10e  ix  5e 3ix  e 5ix  dx
              1
 sin xdx 
     5

            32i

             1
            16 
  sin 4 xdx      e4ix  4e2ix  6  4e2ix  e4ix  dx
             1  1 4ix 4ix 2 2ix 2ix                       
            e  e   e  e   6x  c
            16  4i                   i                      
             1             1           3
           sin 4 x  sin 2 x  x  c
            32             4           8

                  e5ix  5e3ix  10eix  10e  ix  5e 3ix  e 5ix  dx
              1
 sin xdx 
     5

            32i
               1  1 5ix 5ix      5 3ix 3ix 10 ix  ix 
                  5i  e  e   3i  e  e   i  e  e    c
              32i                                            

             1
            16 
  sin 4 xdx      e4ix  4e2ix  6  4e2ix  e4ix  dx
             1  1 4ix 4ix 2 2ix 2ix                       
            e  e   e  e   6x  c
            16  4i                   i                      
             1             1           3
           sin 4 x  sin 2 x  x  c
            32             4           8

                  e5ix  5e3ix  10eix  10e  ix  5e 3ix  e 5ix  dx
              1
 sin xdx 
     5

            32i
               1  1 5ix 5ix      5 3ix 3ix 10 ix  ix 
                  5i  e  e   3i  e  e   i  e  e    c
              32i                                            
                1        5        5
              sin 5 x  cos3 x  cos x  c
               80        48       8
 cos5 x sin 3 xdx
 cos x sin xdx   256i   e  e   e  e  dx
    5     3          1        ix   ix 5 ix  ix 3
 cos x sin xdx   256i   e  e   e  e  dx
    5     3          1        ix   ix 5 ix    ix 3




                           e  e   e  e  dx
                     1             ix 2        2 ix 3
                            ix         2 ix

                    256i
 cos x sin xdx   256i   e  e   e  e  dx
     5       3       1        ix      ix 5   ix      ix 3




                           e  e   e  e  dx
                     1                ix 2            2 ix 3
                             ix              2 ix

                    256i
                
                     1
                    256i 
                            e 2ix  2  e 2ix  e6ix  3e 2ix  3e 2ix  e 6ix  dx
 cos x sin xdx   256i   e  e   e  e  dx
     5      3        1        ix      ix 5   ix      ix 3




                           e  e   e  e  dx
                     1                ix 2            2 ix 3
                             ix              2 ix

                    256i
                
                     1
                    256i 
                            e 2ix  2  e 2ix  e6ix  3e 2ix  3e 2ix  e 6ix  dx

                  1
                256i 
                     (e8ix  3e 4ix  3  e 4ix  2e6ix  6e 2ix  6e 2ix  2e 6ix

                         e 4ix  3  3e 4ix  e 8ix )dx
 cos x sin xdx   256i   e  e   e  e  dx
       5       3         1        ix      ix 5   ix      ix 3




                               e  e   e  e  dx
                         1                ix 2            2 ix 3
                                 ix              2 ix

                       256i
                    
                         1
                       256i 
                                e 2ix  2  e 2ix  e6ix  3e 2ix  3e 2ix  e 6ix  dx

                     1
                    256i 
                         (e8ix  3e 4ix  3  e 4ix  2e6ix  6e 2ix  6e 2ix  2e 6ix

                             e 4ix  3  3e 4ix  e 8ix )dx
      1  1 8ix 8ix                                   1 4ix 4ix 3 2ix 2ix 
          8i  e  e   3i  e  e   2i  e  e   i  e  e  
                              1 6ix 6ix

    256i                                                                                    
 cos x sin xdx   256i   e  e   e  e  dx
       5       3         1        ix      ix 5   ix      ix 3




                               e  e   e  e  dx
                         1                ix 2            2 ix 3
                                 ix              2 ix

                       256i
                    
                         1
                       256i 
                                e 2ix  2  e 2ix  e6ix  3e 2ix  3e 2ix  e 6ix  dx

                     1
                    256i 
                         (e8ix  3e 4ix  3  e 4ix  2e6ix  6e 2ix  6e 2ix  2e 6ix

                             e 4ix  3  3e 4ix  e 8ix )dx
      1  1 8ix 8ix                                   1 4ix 4ix 3 2ix 2ix 
          8i  e  e   3i  e  e   2i  e  e   i  e  e  
                              1 6ix 6ix

    256i                                                                                    

                          1            1             1             3
                            cos8 x      cos 6 x      cos 4 x      cos 2 x  c
                        1024          384           256           128
 sin 6 x cos3 xdx
 sin x cos xdx   512   e  e   e  e  dx
    6     3          1       ix   ix 3 ix  ix 6
 sin x cos xdx   512   e  e   e  e  dx
    6     3          1       ix   ix 3 ix    ix 6




                          e  e   e  e  dx
                     1            ix 3        2 ix 3
                           ix         2 ix

                    512
 sin x cos xdx   512   e  e   e  e  dx
     6       3             1       ix     ix 3   ix     ix 6




                                e  e   e  e  dx
                           1              ix 3           2 ix 3
                                 ix             2 ix

                         512

      1
     512 
            e3ix  3eix  3eix  e3ix  e6ix  3e2ix  3e2ix  e6ix  dx
 sin x cos xdx   512   e  e   e  e  dx
     6       3             1       ix     ix 3   ix     ix 6




                                e  e   e  e  dx
                           1              ix 3           2 ix 3
                                 ix             2 ix

                         512

      1
     512 
            e3ix  3eix  3eix  e3ix  e6ix  3e2ix  3e2ix  e6ix  dx

    512  
             e  e   3 e7ix  e7ix   8  e3ix  e3ix   6  eix  eix  dx
      1  9ix 9ix
                                                                                 
 sin x cos xdx   512   e  e   e  e  dx
       6      3             1       ix     ix 3   ix     ix 6




                                 e  e   e  e  dx
                            1              ix 3           2 ix 3
                                  ix             2 ix

                          512
 
       1
      512 
             e3ix  3eix  3eix  e3ix  e6ix  3e2ix  3e2ix  e6ix  dx
 
     512  
              e  e   3 e7ix  e7ix   8  e3ix  e3ix   6  eix  eix  dx
       1  9ix 9ix
                                                                                  
     1  1 9ix 9ix                                  8 3ix 3ix 6 ix  ix 
         9i  e  e   7i  e  e   3i  e  e   i  e  e    c
                              3 7 ix 7 ix

   512                                                                              
 sin x cos xdx   512   e  e   e  e  dx
       6      3             1       ix     ix 3   ix     ix 6




                                 e  e   e  e  dx
                            1              ix 3           2 ix 3
                                  ix             2 ix

                          512
 
       1
      512 
             e3ix  3eix  3eix  e3ix  e6ix  3e2ix  3e2ix  e6ix  dx
 
     512  
              e  e   3 e7ix  e7ix   8  e3ix  e3ix   6  eix  eix  dx
       1  9ix 9ix
                                                                                  
     1  1 9ix 9ix                                  8 3ix 3ix 6 ix  ix 
         9i  e  e   7i  e  e   3i  e  e   i  e  e    c
                              3 7 ix 7 ix

   512                                                                              
    1               3            1         3
      sin 9 x       sin 7 x  sin 3x      sin x  c
   2304           1792          96        128
 sin 2 x cos 2 xdx
 sin x cos xdx   16   e  e   e  e  dx
    2     2          1      ix   ix 2 ix  ix 2
 sin x cos xdx   16   e  e   e  e  dx
    2      2         1      ix    ix 2   ix  ix 2




                    e  e  dx
                     1      2 ix  2 ix 2

                    16
 sin x cos xdx   16   e  e   e  e  dx
    2      2         1      ix    ix 2   ix     ix 2




                    e  e  dx
                     1      2 ix  2 ix 2

                    16
                    e 4ix  2  e 4ix  dx
                    1
                   16
 sin x cos xdx   16   e  e   e  e  dx
    2      2         1      ix    ix 2   ix     ix 2




                    e  e  dx
                     1      2 ix  2 ix 2

                    16
                    e 4ix  2  e 4ix  dx
                    1
                   16
                       1  1 4ix 4ix       
                        4i 
                      16 
                                e  e   2x  c
                                            
 sin x cos xdx   16   e  e   e  e  dx
    2      2         1      ix    ix 2   ix     ix 2




                    e  e  dx
                     1      2 ix  2 ix 2

                    16
                    e 4ix  2  e 4ix  dx
                    1
                   16
                       1  1 4ix 4ix       
                        4i 
                      16 
                                e  e   2x  c
                                            
                     1        1
                   sin 4 x  x  c
                    32        8
sin x
tan x 
        cos x
sin x    eix  e  ix
tan x        
        cos x i  eix  e  ix 
sin x    eix  e  ix
              tan x        
                      cos x i  eix  e  ix 



 tan 3 xdx
sin x    eix  e  ix
                   tan x        
                           cos x i  eix  e  ix 

                                  3
             1  e e 
                     ix     ix

 tan xdx   i   eix  eix  dx
     3

                              
sin x    eix  e  ix
                   tan x        
                           cos x i  eix  e  ix 

                                  3
             1  e e 
                     ix     ix

 tan xdx   i   eix  eix  dx
     3

                              


         TOO MUCH WORK INVOLVED COMPARED TO
                  PREVIOUS METHOD
sin x    eix  e  ix
                   tan x        
                           cos x i  eix  e  ix 

                                  3
             1  e e 
                     ix     ix

 tan xdx   i   eix  eix  dx
     3

                              


         TOO MUCH WORK INVOLVED COMPARED TO
                  PREVIOUS METHOD


         IF USING EULER’S, STICK WITH FUNCTIONS
                 INVOLVING SINX OR COSX

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X2 T05 02 trig by euler (2010)

  • 2. Trig Integrals with Euler  sin 3 xdx
  • 3. Trig Integrals with Euler sin xdx     e3ix  3eix  3e  ix  e3ix  dx 1  3 8i
  • 4. Trig Integrals with Euler sin xdx     e3ix  3eix  3e  ix  e3ix  dx 1  3 8i 1  1 3ix 3ix 3 ix  ix      e  e    e  e   c 8i  3i i 
  • 5. Trig Integrals with Euler sin xdx     e3ix  3eix  3e  ix  e3ix  dx 1  3 8i 1  1 3ix 3ix 3 ix  ix      e  e    e  e   c 8i  3i i  1 3  cos3 x  cos x  c 12 4
  • 6. Trig Integrals with Euler sin xdx     e3ix  3eix  3e  ix  e3ix  dx 1  3 8i 1  1 3ix 3ix 3 ix  ix      e  e    e  e   c 8i  3i i  1 3  cos3 x  cos x  c 12 4   4cos x  3cos x   cos x  c 1 3 3 12 4
  • 7. Trig Integrals with Euler sin xdx     e3ix  3eix  3e  ix  e3ix  dx 1  3 8i 1  1 3ix 3ix 3 ix  ix      e  e    e  e   c 8i  3i i  1 3  cos3 x  cos x  c 12 4   4cos x  3cos x   cos x  c 1 3 3 12 4 1 1 3  cos x  cos x  cos x  c 3 3 4 4
  • 8. Trig Integrals with Euler sin xdx     e3ix  3eix  3e  ix  e3ix  dx 1  3 8i 1  1 3ix 3ix 3 ix  ix      e  e    e  e   c 8i  3i i  1 3  cos3 x  cos x  c 12 4   4cos x  3cos x   cos x  c 1 3 3 12 4 1 1 3  cos x  cos x  cos x  c 3 3 4 4 1  cos3 x  cos x  c 3
  • 9.  sin 4 xdx
  • 10.  sin 4 xdx  1 16   e4ix  4e2ix  6  4e2ix  e4ix  dx
  • 11. 1 16  sin 4 xdx   e4ix  4e2ix  6  4e2ix  e4ix  dx 1  1 4ix 4ix 2 2ix 2ix    e  e   e  e   6x  c 16  4i i 
  • 12. 1 16  sin 4 xdx   e4ix  4e2ix  6  4e2ix  e4ix  dx 1  1 4ix 4ix 2 2ix 2ix    e  e   e  e   6x  c 16  4i i  1 1 3  sin 4 x  sin 2 x  x  c 32 4 8
  • 13.  sin 4 xdx  1 16   e4ix  4e2ix  6  4e2ix  e4ix  dx 1  1 4ix 4ix 2 2ix 2ix    e  e   e  e   6x  c 16  4i i  1 1 3  sin 4 x  sin 2 x  x  c 32 4 8  sin 5 xdx
  • 14. 1 16  sin 4 xdx   e4ix  4e2ix  6  4e2ix  e4ix  dx 1  1 4ix 4ix 2 2ix 2ix    e  e   e  e   6x  c 16  4i i  1 1 3  sin 4 x  sin 2 x  x  c 32 4 8  e5ix  5e3ix  10eix  10e  ix  5e 3ix  e 5ix  dx 1  sin xdx  5 32i
  • 15. 1 16  sin 4 xdx   e4ix  4e2ix  6  4e2ix  e4ix  dx 1  1 4ix 4ix 2 2ix 2ix    e  e   e  e   6x  c 16  4i i  1 1 3  sin 4 x  sin 2 x  x  c 32 4 8  e5ix  5e3ix  10eix  10e  ix  5e 3ix  e 5ix  dx 1  sin xdx  5 32i 1  1 5ix 5ix 5 3ix 3ix 10 ix  ix    5i  e  e   3i  e  e   i  e  e    c 32i  
  • 16. 1 16  sin 4 xdx   e4ix  4e2ix  6  4e2ix  e4ix  dx 1  1 4ix 4ix 2 2ix 2ix    e  e   e  e   6x  c 16  4i i  1 1 3  sin 4 x  sin 2 x  x  c 32 4 8  e5ix  5e3ix  10eix  10e  ix  5e 3ix  e 5ix  dx 1  sin xdx  5 32i 1  1 5ix 5ix 5 3ix 3ix 10 ix  ix    5i  e  e   3i  e  e   i  e  e    c 32i   1 5 5   sin 5 x  cos3 x  cos x  c 80 48 8
  • 17.  cos5 x sin 3 xdx
  • 18.  cos x sin xdx   256i   e  e   e  e  dx 5 3 1 ix  ix 5 ix  ix 3
  • 19.  cos x sin xdx   256i   e  e   e  e  dx 5 3 1 ix  ix 5 ix  ix 3   e  e   e  e  dx 1  ix 2 2 ix 3  ix 2 ix 256i
  • 20.  cos x sin xdx   256i   e  e   e  e  dx 5 3 1 ix  ix 5 ix  ix 3   e  e   e  e  dx 1  ix 2 2 ix 3  ix 2 ix 256i  1 256i   e 2ix  2  e 2ix  e6ix  3e 2ix  3e 2ix  e 6ix  dx
  • 21.  cos x sin xdx   256i   e  e   e  e  dx 5 3 1 ix  ix 5 ix  ix 3   e  e   e  e  dx 1  ix 2 2 ix 3  ix 2 ix 256i  1 256i   e 2ix  2  e 2ix  e6ix  3e 2ix  3e 2ix  e 6ix  dx 1 256i   (e8ix  3e 4ix  3  e 4ix  2e6ix  6e 2ix  6e 2ix  2e 6ix  e 4ix  3  3e 4ix  e 8ix )dx
  • 22.  cos x sin xdx   256i   e  e   e  e  dx 5 3 1 ix  ix 5 ix  ix 3   e  e   e  e  dx 1  ix 2 2 ix 3  ix 2 ix 256i  1 256i   e 2ix  2  e 2ix  e6ix  3e 2ix  3e 2ix  e 6ix  dx 1 256i   (e8ix  3e 4ix  3  e 4ix  2e6ix  6e 2ix  6e 2ix  2e 6ix  e 4ix  3  3e 4ix  e 8ix )dx 1  1 8ix 8ix 1 4ix 4ix 3 2ix 2ix   8i  e  e   3i  e  e   2i  e  e   i  e  e   1 6ix 6ix  256i  
  • 23.  cos x sin xdx   256i   e  e   e  e  dx 5 3 1 ix  ix 5 ix  ix 3   e  e   e  e  dx 1  ix 2 2 ix 3  ix 2 ix 256i  1 256i   e 2ix  2  e 2ix  e6ix  3e 2ix  3e 2ix  e 6ix  dx 1 256i   (e8ix  3e 4ix  3  e 4ix  2e6ix  6e 2ix  6e 2ix  2e 6ix  e 4ix  3  3e 4ix  e 8ix )dx 1  1 8ix 8ix 1 4ix 4ix 3 2ix 2ix   8i  e  e   3i  e  e   2i  e  e   i  e  e   1 6ix 6ix  256i   1 1 1 3  cos8 x  cos 6 x  cos 4 x  cos 2 x  c 1024 384 256 128
  • 24.  sin 6 x cos3 xdx
  • 25.  sin x cos xdx   512   e  e   e  e  dx 6 3 1 ix  ix 3 ix  ix 6
  • 26.  sin x cos xdx   512   e  e   e  e  dx 6 3 1 ix  ix 3 ix  ix 6   e  e   e  e  dx 1  ix 3 2 ix 3  ix 2 ix 512
  • 27.  sin x cos xdx   512   e  e   e  e  dx 6 3 1 ix  ix 3 ix  ix 6   e  e   e  e  dx 1  ix 3 2 ix 3  ix 2 ix 512  1 512   e3ix  3eix  3eix  e3ix  e6ix  3e2ix  3e2ix  e6ix  dx
  • 28.  sin x cos xdx   512   e  e   e  e  dx 6 3 1 ix  ix 3 ix  ix 6   e  e   e  e  dx 1  ix 3 2 ix 3  ix 2 ix 512  1 512   e3ix  3eix  3eix  e3ix  e6ix  3e2ix  3e2ix  e6ix  dx  512    e  e   3 e7ix  e7ix   8  e3ix  e3ix   6  eix  eix  dx 1  9ix 9ix 
  • 29.  sin x cos xdx   512   e  e   e  e  dx 6 3 1 ix  ix 3 ix  ix 6   e  e   e  e  dx 1  ix 3 2 ix 3  ix 2 ix 512  1 512   e3ix  3eix  3eix  e3ix  e6ix  3e2ix  3e2ix  e6ix  dx  512    e  e   3 e7ix  e7ix   8  e3ix  e3ix   6  eix  eix  dx 1  9ix 9ix  1  1 9ix 9ix 8 3ix 3ix 6 ix  ix   9i  e  e   7i  e  e   3i  e  e   i  e  e    c 3 7 ix 7 ix  512  
  • 30.  sin x cos xdx   512   e  e   e  e  dx 6 3 1 ix  ix 3 ix  ix 6   e  e   e  e  dx 1  ix 3 2 ix 3  ix 2 ix 512  1 512   e3ix  3eix  3eix  e3ix  e6ix  3e2ix  3e2ix  e6ix  dx  512    e  e   3 e7ix  e7ix   8  e3ix  e3ix   6  eix  eix  dx 1  9ix 9ix  1  1 9ix 9ix 8 3ix 3ix 6 ix  ix   9i  e  e   7i  e  e   3i  e  e   i  e  e    c 3 7 ix 7 ix  512   1 3 1 3  sin 9 x  sin 7 x  sin 3x  sin x  c 2304 1792 96 128
  • 31.  sin 2 x cos 2 xdx
  • 32.  sin x cos xdx   16   e  e   e  e  dx 2 2 1 ix  ix 2 ix  ix 2
  • 33.  sin x cos xdx   16   e  e   e  e  dx 2 2 1 ix  ix 2 ix  ix 2     e  e  dx 1 2 ix 2 ix 2 16
  • 34.  sin x cos xdx   16   e  e   e  e  dx 2 2 1 ix  ix 2 ix  ix 2     e  e  dx 1 2 ix 2 ix 2 16     e 4ix  2  e 4ix  dx 1 16
  • 35.  sin x cos xdx   16   e  e   e  e  dx 2 2 1 ix  ix 2 ix  ix 2     e  e  dx 1 2 ix 2 ix 2 16     e 4ix  2  e 4ix  dx 1 16 1  1 4ix 4ix    4i  16  e  e   2x  c 
  • 36.  sin x cos xdx   16   e  e   e  e  dx 2 2 1 ix  ix 2 ix  ix 2     e  e  dx 1 2 ix 2 ix 2 16     e 4ix  2  e 4ix  dx 1 16 1  1 4ix 4ix    4i  16  e  e   2x  c  1 1   sin 4 x  x  c 32 8
  • 37. sin x tan x  cos x
  • 38. sin x eix  e  ix tan x   cos x i  eix  e  ix 
  • 39. sin x eix  e  ix tan x   cos x i  eix  e  ix   tan 3 xdx
  • 40. sin x eix  e  ix tan x   cos x i  eix  e  ix  3 1  e e  ix  ix  tan xdx   i   eix  eix  dx 3  
  • 41. sin x eix  e  ix tan x   cos x i  eix  e  ix  3 1  e e  ix  ix  tan xdx   i   eix  eix  dx 3   TOO MUCH WORK INVOLVED COMPARED TO PREVIOUS METHOD
  • 42. sin x eix  e  ix tan x   cos x i  eix  e  ix  3 1  e e  ix  ix  tan xdx   i   eix  eix  dx 3   TOO MUCH WORK INVOLVED COMPARED TO PREVIOUS METHOD IF USING EULER’S, STICK WITH FUNCTIONS INVOLVING SINX OR COSX