X-rays are electromagnetic waves with wavelengths comparable to the size of atoms that are generated when high-speed electrons collide with a metal target in an X-ray tube. X-rays can penetrate materials like human tissue and be detected using devices like gas detectors, proportional counters, and photodetectors. Digital detectors used in medical imaging can detect X-rays and create images of internal structures. X-rays have various medical applications including diagnostic radiography, fluoroscopy, and radiation therapy due to their ability to pass through matter and ionize materials.

1. X-RAYS
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2. Generate
(or Röntgen) are issued in
tubes called Röntgen, are
electrons,are accelerated in
intense electric fields so that
they penetrate inside
electron shells of atoms anode
or gas in the tube and pull out
electrons from
layers near the core. After
braking these electrons from
subsequent transitions
electrons from levels with low
energies (layers K, L), X-rays
are obtained

3. Detection
For X rays are used:
gas-filled detectors
(used in digital
radiography to measure
energy and position of
individual X-ray photon
counting speed
radiological)
type proportional
counter,
-calorimeters,
-microchannel,
-area photodetector,
superconducting tunnel
junction-detectors, etc…

4. The detector is a large, flat, with
one or more layers to absorb
radiation energy into electric
charge X. Convert using an
integrated surface electric charge
autoscanarea active matrix
image.
X radiation absorbed by a
phosphorescent screen release
light creates an image on the
surface. Lateral scattering of light
is limited by diffusion.
Digital detectors are capable of
running all current radiological
modalities, including radiography
and fluoroscopy
Element diameter is comparable
to the thickness of the screen
image. The screen is thicker (to
increase the absorption quantum
efficiency) decreases the image
resolution. Using fluorescent
screen, increase the image
resolution

5. Proprieties
-Vacuum it travels at the speed of
light;
-impress photographic plates;
- Are not diverted for electric and
magnetic fields;
- Are invisible, ie unlike light, does
not impress human eye
-Ionising gases that pass. Number
of urge intensity ion radiation
produced show. On this property
are made based operation of
radiation detectors.
- Have fiziological
action, destroying organic cells
and is generally harmful to
humans. This property are made
based on their use in the
treatment of cancerous tumors to
destroy diseased tissue.
- Substances produced
fluorescence (light emission)

6. Aplications
X-rays and X rays are
electromagnetic waves that do not
belong to the visible
spectrum, whose wavelength is of
the order of magnitude of
angstroms (A), and this allows
increasing utility in
medicine, especially for their
penetration through matter living
and for their therapeutic
properties:
Use for diagnostic, medical
applications of X rays are of the
conventional and
tomodensitometriei radiology (X-
ray scanner), they aim to visualize
organs.
Use therapeutic x-rays are used in
external radiotherapy, but their
capacity is reduced ionization, are
preferred more energetic
radiation, the radiation y, using
cobalt.