Geometrical optics is the study of how light interacts with materials and their shapes. Light rays reflect off surfaces according to the law of reflection, where the angle of incidence equals the angle of reflection. Refraction occurs when light travels from one medium to another and its speed changes, causing it to change direction. Snell's law describes the relationship between the refractive indices and angles of incidence and refraction between two media. Total internal reflection occurs when light travels from an optically dense to a less dense medium at an angle greater than the critical angle, and the light is fully reflected back into the first medium.
in this presentation analyzing optical telescope and type of lens then lens telescope compared newton telescope in university of sulaimani. tell me for other description.
Geometrical optics is the study of how light interacts with materials and their shapes. Light rays reflect off surfaces according to the law of reflection, where the angle of incidence equals the angle of reflection. Refraction occurs when light travels from one medium to another and its speed changes, causing it to change direction. Snell's law describes the relationship between the refractive indices and angles of incidence and refraction between two media. Total internal reflection occurs when light travels from an optically dense to a less dense medium at an angle greater than the critical angle, and the light is fully reflected back into the first medium.
in this presentation analyzing optical telescope and type of lens then lens telescope compared newton telescope in university of sulaimani. tell me for other description.
The Fermi paradox, or Fermi's paradox, named after physicist Enrico Fermi, is the apparent contradiction between the lack of evidence and high probability estimates\ for the existence of extraterrestrial civilizations
This document contains a 9 question quiz about heat engines. Specifically, it asks about the Otto cycle and Diesel cycle processes. The questions cover topics like: the cyclic processes involved in each engine type, when heat exchange and fuel ignition occur, and differences between the two engines. It concludes by providing the answers to the questions.
Romania has a population of over 22 million people, with Romanians making up around 89.5% of the population. The capital and largest city is Bucharest, which has a population of over 2 million. Over 86% of Romanians belong to the Orthodox Church, and Romania celebrates its National Day on December 1st. Bucharest is undergoing modernization with a mix of old and new architecture, as it develops its economy and cultural attractions.
X-rays are electromagnetic waves with wavelengths comparable to the size of atoms that are generated when high-speed electrons collide with a metal target in an X-ray tube. X-rays can penetrate materials like human tissue and be detected using devices like gas detectors, proportional counters, and photodetectors. Digital detectors used in medical imaging can detect X-rays and create images of internal structures. X-rays have various medical applications including diagnostic radiography, fluoroscopy, and radiation therapy due to their ability to pass through matter and ionize materials.
Infrared radiation was discovered in the early 19th century by William Herschel. Infrared radiation is an electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength longer than visible light. Infrared radiation includes most of the thermal radiation emitted by objects near room temperature through molecular rotational and vibrational movements. Infrared light is used in various applications like infrared cameras to detect heat loss, observe blood flow, and detect overheating equipment. It also allows astronomy observations of objects obscured by interstellar dust. Night vision devices using infrared illumination allow observation without detection. The Earth absorbs visible and invisible radiation from the sun and re-emits much of the energy as infrared radiation, which is absorbed by greenhouse gases in the atmosphere and re-radiated to warm
This document discusses microwaves and their uses. It begins by noting that James Clerk Maxwell predicted the existence of radio waves in 1864 from his equations. It then discusses how microwaves are generated using specialized vacuum tubes and mentions common devices like magnetrons and klystrons. Examples of applications of microwaves are given as communication, radio, radio astronomy, navigation and power. The most common use of microwaves is in microwave ovens.
This document discusses different devices that can be used to detect ultraviolet radiation, including photodiodes and photomultiplier tubes. It also describes the wavelength ranges of ultraviolet radiation, including UVA, UVB, and UVC. Exposure to UV rays can affect the human body, and UV radiation has various applications like disinfection, medical imaging, and curing polymers.
2. DEF.DEF.::AMSAMBLU DE LENTILE CARE IMBUMATATESCAMSAMBLU DE LENTILE CARE IMBUMATATESC
PERCEPTIA VIZUALA ASUPRA OBIECTELOR DE DIMENSIUNIPERCEPTIA VIZUALA ASUPRA OBIECTELOR DE DIMENSIUNI
MICI SAU OBIECTELOR INDEPARTATEMICI SAU OBIECTELOR INDEPARTATE
CLASIFICARECLASIFICARE::--INSTRUMENTE CARE DAUINSTRUMENTE CARE DAU
IMAGINIMAGIN
VIRTUALE (LUPA ,MICROSCOP ,VIRTUALE (LUPA ,MICROSCOP ,
TELESCOP)TELESCOP)
--INSTRUMENTE CARE DAU IMAGINIINSTRUMENTE CARE DAU IMAGINI
REALE (APARATUL FOTO,REALE (APARATUL FOTO,
PROIECTORUL)PROIECTORUL)
4. TELESCOPULTELESCOPUL
Principiul optic fundamental alPrincipiul optic fundamental al
telescopului a fost descris pentrutelescopului a fost descris pentru
intaia oara de cercetatorul britanicintaia oara de cercetatorul britanic
Roger Bacon in secolul 13 .Roger Bacon in secolul 13 .
Magicianul olandez HansMagicianul olandez Hans
Lippershey e creditat pentruLippershey e creditat pentru
inventia telescopului in anul 1608inventia telescopului in anul 1608
cand a descoperit ca un obiectcand a descoperit ca un obiect
distant aparea mult mai apropiatdistant aparea mult mai apropiat
cand era vizionat printr-o lentilacand era vizionat printr-o lentila
concava si o lentila convexa tinutaconcava si o lentila convexa tinuta
in fata ei .El a montat lentilele intr-in fata ei .El a montat lentilele intr-
un tub pentru a construi primulun tub pentru a construi primul
telescop .telescop .
5. TELESCOPULTELESCOPUL
Primele telescoape nu erau folosite pentruPrimele telescoape nu erau folosite pentru
observarea cerului ci erau folosite in scopuriobservarea cerului ci erau folosite in scopuri
militare , pentru a detecta armatele care avansaumilitare , pentru a detecta armatele care avansau
sau vapoarele . Stirea despre descoperireasau vapoarele . Stirea despre descoperirea
telescopului a fost s-a raspandit rapid in Europa .telescopului a fost s-a raspandit rapid in Europa .
Tehnicile de lustruire a sticlei cunoscute inca dinTehnicile de lustruire a sticlei cunoscute inca din
secolul 13 au facut usoara construirea sisecolul 13 au facut usoara construirea si
dezvoltarea telescopului . Istoricii il crediteaza pedezvoltarea telescopului . Istoricii il crediteaza pe
omul de stiinta italian Galileo Galilei cu primaomul de stiinta italian Galileo Galilei cu prima
folosire a telescopului pentru observareafolosire a telescopului pentru observarea
obiectelor ceresti. Acesta a folosit in 1609 unobiectelor ceresti. Acesta a folosit in 1609 un
telescop facut de el isusi cu care putea maritelescop facut de el isusi cu care putea mari
obiectele de 20 de ori . El a descoperit 4 luni careobiectele de 20 de ori . El a descoperit 4 luni care
orbitau in jurul planetei Jupiter . In anul urmatororbitau in jurul planetei Jupiter . In anul urmator
el a descoperit ca Caleael a descoperit ca Calea
Lactee are milioane de stele , a vazut petele negreLactee are milioane de stele , a vazut petele negre
de pe suprafata Soarelui si a facut o harta a Lunii .de pe suprafata Soarelui si a facut o harta a Lunii .
