This document provides an instructional module on paragraph writing for 7th to 9th grade students. It defines what a paragraph is, discusses the basic parts of a paragraph including the topic sentence, body, and closing sentence. It provides examples of each part and puts them together to form a sample paragraph. The document seeks to explain clearly what a paragraph is and how to construct one through examples and a pre-test and post-test quiz.

1. Instructional Module Level: 7th Grade- 9th Grade Topic: Paragraph Writing

2. Introduction Hi! In this module we’re going to talk about what is a paragraph and its parts. You will have a chance to construct your own paragraph about any topic you would like. But before that let’s see what you know about a paragraph and its different parts. You will answer a short quiz. Don’t worry about your answers they are just to let you know what you already know. So join our Super Heroes through this lesson and become part of the team! Hi! I’m Mr.. Incredible. Why don’t you read what you’re going to learn and have fun!

3. Pre-Quiz Choose the correct answer. 1. A paragraph is __________. a. made up of only one sentence. b. a series of sentences that talk about a specific subject. c. a series of sentences that talk about various topics. A paragraph has only ________ parts. a. five b. eight c. three A paragraph consists of ______________. a. topic sentence, body and closing sentence. b. body and closing sentence. c. topic sentence and closing sentence. Hello! I’m Elastigirl. You’re part of our team! You can do it!

4. The Incredibles Present: Writing Paragraphs

5. The Incredibles Together we’ll explain what a paragraph is and how to construct one!

6. A Paragraph Is a group of sentences sharing ideas about one subject. You can… 1. describe someone or something, 2. tell about an event or experience, 3. explain or give information about a subject, or 4. give your opinion about something. Hi! I’m Violet Parr. Here’s a definition of what a paragraph is!

7. What’s Ahead The Basic Parts of a Paragraph Topic Sentence The Body Closing Sentence Hey! Get a load of all what we’re going to learn!

8. The Basic Parts of a Paragraph A paragraph has three parts. It usually begins with a topic sentence . The sentences in the middle part make up the body of a paragraph. The last sentence is called the closing sentence . Wow! I didn’t know there were three parts in a paragraph!

9. The Topic Sentence A paragraph begins with a topic sentence : a sentence that tells the reader what the paragraph is about. A topic sentence has two main parts: a specific subject and a focus . Say!! So that’s a topic sentence! Don’t forget the focus!

10. The Subject The subject of a topic sentence has to be specific or small enough to explain in one paragraph. You couldn’t write a paragraph on “the history of flight.” It would be too long! But you could write a paragraph on “ a plane trip you took .” That subject is more specific! Hmm! The subject has to be specific!!

11. The Focus You need more than a subject to write a topic sentence . You also need a focus. A focus is usually a feeling or an attitude about the subject. It lets the reader know what you’re going to say about the subject. Here is a simple formula that makes it easy whenever you have to write a paragraph. Let me get a pencil to write down that formula!!

12. Sample Topic Sentence Subject (Who? Or What?) + Feeling/ Focus (What about it?) = Topic Sentence Kim and Maria had very different reactions ( focus ) to their first airplane ride ( specific subject ).

13. The Body The middle of the paragraph is called the body . It includes the sentences between the topic sentence and the closing sentence . These sentences must give the reader all the information needed to understand the topic. Continuing are sentences that could follow the topic sentence in a paragraph about “Kim and Maria’s First Plane Ride”. I wonder if it’s describing my body!

14. Sample Body The girls went to visit their friend, Lisa, in California last month. Kim enjoyed the trip. She loved the speed of the plane at the take off. She liked the movie she saw on the plane, and she had a good time looking out the window at the clouds and the cities and towns below. Maria did not enjoyed herself. She was afraid to be so high in the air. Her ears hurt her for a lot of the ride and she had already seen the movie. She could not eat anything, and she did not want to look out the window. Cool! Interesting details!

15. The Closing Sentence A paragraph ends with a closing sentence . This sentence may sum up the information in the paragraph, or tell what it means. Continuing is a sample closing sentence that could be used after the “ Sample Body ”. Sweet! We’re almost finished with the paragraph!

16. Sample Closing Sentence Kim and Maria have very different feelings about riding in an airplane. We’re almost there!! Zap! Our paragraph is done!

17. Take Note If you put the Sample Topic Sentence , Sample Body , and Sample Closing Sentence together, you’ll have a Paragraph! Wow! This is easier than I thought!

18. Kim and Maria’s First Plane Ride Kim and Maria had very different reactions to their first airplane ride. The girls went to visit their friend, Lisa, in California last month. Kim enjoyed the trip. She loved the speed of the plane at the take off. She liked the movie she saw on the plane, and she had a good time looking out the window at the clouds and the cities and towns below. Maria did not enjoyed herself. She was afraid to be so high in the air. Her ears hurt her for a lot of the ride and she had already seen the movie. She could not eat anything, and she did not want to look out the window. Kim and Maria have very different feelings about riding in an airplane. Sample Paragraph B O D Y Closing Sentence Topic Sentence

19. Post-Quiz Choose the correct answer. 1. A paragraph is __________. a. made up of only one sentence. b. a series of sentences that talk about a specific subject. c. a series of sentences that talk about various topics. A paragraph has only ________ parts. a. five b. eight c. three A paragraph consists of ______________. a. topic sentence, body and closing sentence. b. body and closing sentence. c. topic sentence and closing sentence. You made it! Now you’re part of our Super Heroes!

20. Congratulations!