This presentation is a part of the main training wiht the development practitioners on sub national development planning. this discuss around the historical resilience features sri lanka had and the involvement of DRR and the currant results of the that.

1. WHY DISASTER RISK REDUCTION IS
ALL OUR BUSINESS
15/10/2015 Lafir S. Mohamed, Cons Technical Advisor – DIEPCHO 8, OXFAM

3. Cooping with climate
System was able to coop with both the conditions!
100 mm rain
in 1 days
(hydrological
importance!)
&
10 mm/day
for 10 days
(agronomical
importance!)
Source: Handawela, J.

4. DRR in Sri Lanka
 Since independence; GOSL established systems to provide
welfare assistance to affected people.
With the declaration of the IDNDR in 1990 by the UN, a new
trend in DM started in mid 90s in Sri Lanka,
 including formalised provision of relief and shelter assistance through
Ministry of Social Services, and district and divisional administrations.
 Initiatives have taken place such as, implementing projects
attempting to incorporate
 DRR into urban planning; developing guidelines for urban planning,
 Land use zoning and construction in hazard prone areas;
 DM training and integration of DRR into school and university curricula;
 Developing plans for preparedness and response for disasters at district and
divisional levels.

5. Tsunami 2004 and DM Act
• With the tsunami of 2004, the government and the society
had to take the challenge of assisting the victims.
• Enactment of the Act; Sri Lanka Disaster Management Act
No.13 of 2005 provides for the coordination at the highest
executive level
• Addresses Disaster Management (DM) holistically, leading
to a policy shift from response based mechanisms to a
proactive approach

6. Act contd..
• Establishment of the institutional framework for
disaster management including
– The National Council for Disaster Management (NCDM),
– Disaster Management Centre (DMC) and elaborates
powers and functions of the institution.
• The Act also recognizes the cross-cutting nature of
disaster management.
• Act empowers HE the President to declare state of
disaster.

7. Implementation of the ACT
• In Nov2005; Establishment of a
separate ministry of Disaster
Management (DMC within its
preview)
• In 2006; Road map for DRM –
Towards a safer in Sri Lanka was
developed 2006-2016

8. Road Map for Disaster Management
2005-2015
• Developed under 7 thematic areas
• Institutional and legal framework
• Early warning
• Hazard, vulnerability and risk assessment
• Prevention and Mitigation
• Awareness and Training
• Preparedness Planning
• Community Based Disaster Management

19. Damages and Losses

20. 2010 in 5 Districts

21. 21

22. Relief provided (LKR)

23. 2014

24. Nepal earthquake
• The 7.8 magnitude earthquake that rocked Nepal on 25
April 2015 and the many subsequent aftershocks have
imposed a huge human and economic toll on the
country, with over 7,000 deaths and some 15,000
injured. Millions of people have been affected in other
ways.
• Roads, bridges, water supplies, schools, hospitals, and
homes in the main cities and in rural areas across more
than two-thirds of Nepal’s 75 districts have suffered
damage.
• Clearly the poorest in the country, with fewer resources
to fall back on, will suffer the most, and many will likely
fall back below the government’s national poverty line
of NRs19,261 per person per year (average 2010-11
prices).

25. In Summary

26. Main findings – worldwide
Disaster losses remain substantial
• improvements in disaster management have led
to dramatic reductions in mortality in some
countries, the economic losses from disasters are
now reaching an average of US$250 billion to
US$300 billion each year.3 More
• Critically, the mortality and economic loss
associated with extensive risks in low and middle-
income countries are trending up.

27. Main findings – worldwide
• Global risk poses a
significant
opportunity cost
• The cost of disasters
is equivalent to that
of major diseases
and is an economic
and social burden

28. Main findings – worldwide
Expected future losses threaten economic development
and social progress in lower-income countries
If this risk were shared equally amongst the world’s population,
it would be equivalent to an annual loss of almost US$70 for
each individual person of working age,
OR two months’ income for people living below the poverty line
Risk for people already struggling for survival on a
daily basis.? How abt kilinochchi?

29. Main findings – worldwide
Fiscal resilience challenged

30. Making development sustainable
• Reducing poverty, improving health and education for all,
achieving sustainable and equitable economic growth, and
protecting the health of the planet now depend on;
• The management of disaster risks in the day-to-day
decisions of governments, companies, investors, civil
society organizations, households and individuals.
• Strengthened disaster risk reduction, therefore, is essential
to make development sustainable.

32. Group / in plenary Brainstorming
• Is it the mandate of Disaster Management
Centre in building a resilient communitty?
• What are limitations ?
• What could be the best way of managing risk
reduction ?

33. What is ‘Mainstreaming’?

34. What do we mean by ‘Mainstreaming’?
• Integration?
• Institutionalizatio
n?
• Mainstreaming is a
‘process’… to make it
a ‘normal process’
• Not an one off
exercise… but rather
continuous from
short to long term
• It is not an end in
itself… rather a
strategic approach

35. Main stream?
Side stream?
Source: PEDRR

36. Broad elements of typical development planning
process of country
• Development policy (macro-economic policies, sector policies, local development
policies)
• Socio-economic development plans (national, district, village) (national, sector)
(medium-term, short-term)
• Poverty alleviation programs
• Physical plans/Land use plans/Spatial Plans
• Annual development Plans and budgets
• Development programs and projects
• Monitoring and evaluation of plans and programs

37. Advantages of having a national framework for
mainstreaming DRR into development
• Better articulation of common objective for DRR and Development
such as sustainable development/safe development
• Better understanding of interdependency: risk assessment will
reveal risks, planning will help prioritize investments and budgets,
investment programming will drive resource mobilization if there
are budget constraints
• Strengthening Horizontal linkages: multi-stakeholders talking of
common risks result to complementation of initiatives;
• Strengthening Vertical linkages: from national to local