Wholesale and retail trade
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This document summarizes retailing and wholesaling in India. Retailing involves directly selling products to end customers for personal use, and is expected to grow 25-30% annually. Retail has organized and unorganized forms and includes sectors like food, clothing, and consumer durables. Wholesaling involves buying large quantities from manufacturers and reselling smaller quantities to retailers. It provides a vital link between manufacturers and retailers. Wholesaling is growing in India due to the potential in retail, manufacturers needing more wholesalers, and companies finding distribution costly.
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The document discusses different types of internal trade in India. It defines internal trade as trading within a country's borders. The main types of internal trade discussed are wholesale trade, retail trade, and different categories under each. Wholesale trade refers to large quantity buying and selling for resale. Retailers buy goods in small quantities from wholesalers and sell directly to consumers. Retail is further divided into itinerant retailers without fixed locations, and small and large scale fixed shops. The roles and services provided by wholesalers, retailers, and different categories are also summarized.
Types of goods
The document summarizes different types of goods based on their relationship to income, price, consumption ability, and excludability. It defines inferior, normal, superior, and luxury goods in relation to income and ordinary and Giffen goods in relation to price. It also outlines rival, nonrival, excludable, and non-excludable goods based on consumption ability and defines public goods, private goods, club goods, and common-pool resources based on excludability and rivalry.
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This document discusses distribution channels and their types. It defines a distribution channel as the chain of intermediaries that passes a good from producer to customer. There are direct and indirect channels. Indirect channels have one or more intermediaries and can be one-level, two-level, three-level, or four-level depending on the number of intermediaries. Common intermediaries include wholesalers, retailers, distributors, agents and brokers. Distribution channels perform important functions such as assortment, storage, transportation and selling of goods to customers.
Main market forms
The document discusses different market structures: perfect competition, monopoly, monopolistic competition, oligopoly, and duopoly. Perfect competition is characterized by many small firms, homogeneous products, perfect information, and price-taking behavior. Monopoly involves a single seller controlling the market. Monopolistic competition and oligopoly involve a small number of firms with some product differentiation. Oligopoly features mutual interdependence between firms. Duopoly is a special case of oligopoly with two firms.
Sales Promotions
Sales promotions aim to increase immediate sales, gain trade support, and support the sales force. They are widely used due to pressure to quickly boost sales and because they can easily target consumers, trade partners, and salespeople. Common consumer promotions include coupons, rebates, samples, and contests which are flexible and can be combined to meet objectives. Trade promotions target wholesalers and retailers through point-of-purchase displays, trade shows, retailer kits, and incentives to gain merchandising support and distribution. Loyalty programs aim to increase retention through rewards while sponsorship and events associate brands with lifestyles.
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Direct and online marketing
Direct and online marketing can be summarized in 3 sentences:
Direct marketing involves communicating with customers through personal channels like mail, email, phone calls and face-to-face interactions to maximize the probability of the intended audience receiving the message. It aims to create value for customers through product creation, communicating that value through personal channels of communication, and delivering value directly. The document then discusses various forms of direct marketing like direct mail, catalogs, telephone marketing, and digital methods like email, mobile, and online marketing.
Internal trade
The document discusses different types of internal trade in India. It defines internal trade as trading within a country's borders. The main types of internal trade discussed are wholesale trade, retail trade, and different categories under each. Wholesale trade refers to large quantity buying and selling for resale. Retailers buy goods in small quantities from wholesalers and sell directly to consumers. Retail is further divided into itinerant retailers without fixed locations, and small and large scale fixed shops. The roles and services provided by wholesalers, retailers, and different categories are also summarized.
Types of goods
The document summarizes different types of goods based on their relationship to income, price, consumption ability, and excludability. It defines inferior, normal, superior, and luxury goods in relation to income and ordinary and Giffen goods in relation to price. It also outlines rival, nonrival, excludable, and non-excludable goods based on consumption ability and defines public goods, private goods, club goods, and common-pool resources based on excludability and rivalry.
Distribution channels
This document discusses distribution channels and their types. It defines a distribution channel as the chain of intermediaries that passes a good from producer to customer. There are direct and indirect channels. Indirect channels have one or more intermediaries and can be one-level, two-level, three-level, or four-level depending on the number of intermediaries. Common intermediaries include wholesalers, retailers, distributors, agents and brokers. Distribution channels perform important functions such as assortment, storage, transportation and selling of goods to customers.
Main market forms
The document discusses different market structures: perfect competition, monopoly, monopolistic competition, oligopoly, and duopoly. Perfect competition is characterized by many small firms, homogeneous products, perfect information, and price-taking behavior. Monopoly involves a single seller controlling the market. Monopolistic competition and oligopoly involve a small number of firms with some product differentiation. Oligopoly features mutual interdependence between firms. Duopoly is a special case of oligopoly with two firms.
Sales Promotions
Sales promotions aim to increase immediate sales, gain trade support, and support the sales force. They are widely used due to pressure to quickly boost sales and because they can easily target consumers, trade partners, and salespeople. Common consumer promotions include coupons, rebates, samples, and contests which are flexible and can be combined to meet objectives. Trade promotions target wholesalers and retailers through point-of-purchase displays, trade shows, retailer kits, and incentives to gain merchandising support and distribution. Loyalty programs aim to increase retention through rewards while sponsorship and events associate brands with lifestyles.
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Organized retailing operates on a large scale, nationwide or worldwide, with a highly organized system and professional management, while unorganized retailing operates on a smaller, local or regional scale with a less organized system. Organized retailing prevails in developed nations and has chain stores, a wide range of products, pleasant ambiences, adequate parking, and pricing that does not depend on relationships, whereas unorganized retailing prevails in developing nations and has standalone shops, a narrower product range, lacking ambiences, inadequate parking, and sometimes relationship-based pricing. Examples of organized retailing include Wal-Mart, McDonald's and Sears, while examples of unorganized retailing include counter stores and kiosks.
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ProJecT RePorT On BuYinG behAvioR of CusTomerS In BiG BazAaR
The Project Report is duly outcome of my hardwork for the future Viewers/Reader who is in the need to make the project report as their partial fulfillment for their academic purpose from where you can get the idea about the Big Bazaar and the Consumer Buying Behavior. Please do Like and Share if you find it fruitful.
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1. Basics of retailing, Types of retailers
Retail Management Notes, Basics of Retail Management, Classification of Retailers, Types of Retailers, Scope of Retailing, Functions of Retailers, Role of Retailers in Distribution Channel, Indian retailscape, organized and Unorganized Retailers,
Retail
Retailing is the act of selling products or services to people for their personal, non business use. A retailer is a business that specializes in the act of retailing primarily.
Retailing includes all the activities involved in selling goods or services directly to final customers for their personal, non business use. A retailer is any business enterprise whose sales volume comes primarily from retailing.
Channels of distribution
The document discusses channels of distribution and the key considerations in designing a distribution channel strategy. It outlines the different types of intermediaries that can be used like wholesalers, retailers, and agents. It also examines factors to consider when selecting a distribution channel like product characteristics, market factors, company capabilities, and the services offered by potential middlemen.
Wholesaling and retailing (marketing)
This document discusses retailing and wholesaling. It defines retailing as selling goods or services to final consumers. Retailers provide convenience for consumers through locations near them and operating hours. They also provide guarantees, services, financing, promotions, storage, intelligence for manufacturers, and act as buying agents for consumers. Wholesaling involves selling goods to those who resell or use them to produce other goods. Wholesalers link manufacturers and retailers, and perform functions like anticipating needs, selling promotion, financing, storage, breaking bulk, transportation, and risk taking. Wholesalers are classified by the functions they perform, such as full function, limited function, and industrial wholesalers.
Internal trade
This document discusses different types of internal trade in India. It defines internal trade as the buying and selling of goods and services within a country. It then describes different types of internal traders like wholesalers and retailers. Wholesalers buy goods in bulk from producers and sell in smaller quantities to retailers. Retailers sell goods to ultimate consumers. There are different types of retailers like itinerant retailers who move from place to place and fixed shop retailers ranging from small general stores to large departmental stores and supermarkets.
PRICING DECISIONS & FACTORS INFLUENCING PRICING DECISIONS
- INTRODUCTION
- PRICE
- PRICING DECISIONS
- FACTORS INFLUENCING PRICING DECISIONS
- INTERNAL FACTORS
- COST
- COMPANY OBJECTIVES
- ORGANISATIONAL FACTORS
- MARKETING MIX
- PRODUCT DIFFERENTIATION
- EXTERNAL FACTORS
- COMPETITION
- DEMAND
- SUPPLIERS
- ECONOMIC CONDITIONS
- CONSUMERS
- GOVERNMENT
- CONCLUSION
Distribution channels in rural
The document discusses distribution challenges and opportunities in rural Indian markets. It notes that while there are over 60 lakh retail outlets in rural areas, reaching consumers is difficult due to a long distribution chain, lack of dealers and infrastructure like roads. However, 80% of consumers near highways shop in nearby towns. Emerging models to better reach rural customers include using cooperative societies, government distribution systems, mobile trading units, and modern retail chains with rural focus. Overall, marketers must take a selective approach in developing rural distribution networks due to the wide geographical scope and low population densities.
Retail trade
Retail trade involves the sale of goods directly to consumers. There are various types of retailers including itinerant retailers like hawkers and peddlers, fixed shop retailers like small stores and large stores like department stores. Retailers provide services to both producers such as promotion, and consumers such as regular supply and credit. Documents used in internal trade include invoices, debit notes, credit notes, and receipts.
Theories of retailing
There are two main theories of retailing described in the document: cyclical theories and evolutionary theories. Cyclical theories include the wheel of retailing theory and accordion theory, which propose that retail formats cycle between different stages. Evolutionary theories include the dialectic process theory and natural selection theory, which propose that retail formats evolve and adapt through competition and environmental changes, with the formats best able to adapt being most likely to survive. The document also describes the retail life cycle theory, in which retail organizations pass through stages of innovation, growth, maturity, and decline.
Oligopoly
This document provides an overview of oligopoly, including definitions, types, advantages, and disadvantages. It begins by defining oligopoly as a market situation where there are few sellers selling either homogeneous or differentiated products. It describes two types of oligopolies - pure (perfect) oligopoly where products are homogeneous, and imperfect oligopoly where products are differentiated. Advantages include large profits for firms and competitive prices for consumers. Disadvantages include lack of innovation without competition and barriers to entry for new firms. Price is determined based on factors like the break-even point. In conclusion, in an oligopoly a few firms have strong hold over the market and make decisions to compete against each other.
Price ceiling and price floor
This document discusses price controls and their impact on supply and demand. It provides examples of price ceilings, which establish a legal maximum price, and price floors, which set a legal minimum price. Price ceilings can cause shortages by creating a surplus of demand over supply. Price floors can result in surpluses or unemployment by producing a surplus of supply over demand. The effects are illustrated using supply and demand graphs for rental housing prices under a price ceiling and wages for unskilled labor under a minimum wage price floor.
Retail
This document discusses retailing in India. It defines retailing as the sale of goods directly to final consumers for personal use. Retailing includes any organization that sells to final consumers, including manufacturers, wholesalers, and retailers. Retailers balance the demands of manufacturers who produce in bulk and consumers who want variety by collecting goods from different sources and displaying them according to consumer needs. Retailers also break bulk by buying goods in large quantities from manufacturers and wholesaling them in smaller quantities to consumers. Indian retail is the second largest employer in the country with over 12 million retail stores. Common types of retailers include department stores, specialty stores, convenience stores, discount stores, and superstores.
Fmcg jan 27th 2017 2nd edition
Second appointment with the LUISS MBA Part-Time students, to talk about Fast Moving Consumer Goods Industry, one of the most dynamic and biggest in the world: an enormous global market made up of very famous brands that we use every day, distribute everywhere in the world. A safety bet, even in recession times, such these last years, because the demand for this kind of brands doesn’t fall...!
A world where also career is fast: where you immediately start to think bigger and better, to manage a big amount of money, to cover heavy responsibility and work on big project. that can influence the consumer’s habits and choice.
At the end of the lessons some important top managers of FMCG, joint us in a very impactful and insight roundtable to share their experiences and to answer to student’s questions and curiosities.
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Unorganised vs organised Retailing
Organized retailing operates on a large scale, nationwide or worldwide, with a highly organized system and professional management, while unorganized retailing operates on a smaller, local or regional scale with a less organized system. Organized retailing prevails in developed nations and has chain stores, a wide range of products, pleasant ambiences, adequate parking, and pricing that does not depend on relationships, whereas unorganized retailing prevails in developing nations and has standalone shops, a narrower product range, lacking ambiences, inadequate parking, and sometimes relationship-based pricing. Examples of organized retailing include Wal-Mart, McDonald's and Sears, while examples of unorganized retailing include counter stores and kiosks.
Retail promotion strategy
Retail Promotional Strategy discusses elements of a retailer's promotional mix including advertising, sales promotions, store atmosphere, websites, personal selling, and publicity. It emphasizes that a retailer's promotional efforts must fit their overall strategy. The document outlines objectives for promotions such as increasing sales and traffic. It also discusses guidelines for promotions including utilizing promotions consistent with store image. Elements of the promotional mix like advertising, public relations, and personal selling are described along with their advantages and disadvantages.
ProJecT RePorT On BuYinG behAvioR of CusTomerS In BiG BazAaR
The Project Report is duly outcome of my hardwork for the future Viewers/Reader who is in the need to make the project report as their partial fulfillment for their academic purpose from where you can get the idea about the Big Bazaar and the Consumer Buying Behavior. Please do Like and Share if you find it fruitful.
Business plan on exquisite handicraft
This document provides an executive summary and business plan for "Exquisite Handicraft", a small-scale handicraft company that utilizes waste materials from animals. The company aims to design beautiful handicrafts, tailor products to customer needs, and establish a strong client base. It will focus on sourcing quality materials at low cost, competitive pricing, and good employee treatment. The business is owned by four partners and based in Aligarh, sourcing materials from local slaughterhouses to produce jewelry, cutlery, and decor. It aims to initially target the local Indian market and participate in handicraft exhibitions.
Management of a Retail brand
1. Brand management includes analyzing how a brand is positioned in retail and maintaining its reputation.
2. Brand equity represents the added value provided to a product from past marketing investments. It links past brand performance to future brand actions.
3. Successful retail branding ensures stable long-term demand, better margins, product differentiation, trust in fulfillment of expectations, and protection from competition.
retailing-private label
Private labels, also known as store brands, are products that are exclusively designed and sold by retailers under the retailer's brand name rather than a national brand name. Private labels originated in the 1960s-1970s as cheaper generic alternatives but have since improved in quality and expanded across price points. Some retailers offer premium private label products. Private labels are produced by both large brand manufacturers and retailers and provide benefits like higher margins for retailers and good value and quality for consumers. However, national brands remain more desirable to some consumers.
Organized Retail - India
Organized retail is growing rapidly in India and accounts for 7% of the country's $435 billion retail market, expected to reach 20% by 2020. It involves chain stores owned by central entities or large single stores, providing standardized retail experiences. The organized retail market in India is growing at 3.5% annually and attracting major foreign investments of $25 billion over 5 years from companies like IKEA and Walmart. The government is also supporting growth through policies like allowing 100% FDI in online retail and implementing GST to facilitate pan-India retail operations. Organized retail is expected to generate massive employment, infrastructure growth, and increased tax revenues for India.
Retail distribution.ppt
This document discusses retail distribution and supply chain management. It describes the different flows that occur in distribution channels, including physical, ownership, service, information, payment, and promotion flows. It also outlines the traditional supply chain for retail products from manufacturer to consumer. Key aspects of retail logistics are explained, such as managing inventory, transport, storage, and order fulfillment in a cost-effective manner to maximize profitability. The total costs involved in distribution, including transport, facilities, inventory, and other costs, are also summarized.
Demand , Supply and Market Equilibrium
Demand, supply, and market equilibrium are analyzed. Demand is defined as the relationship between price and quantity demanded while supply is defined as the relationship between price and quantity supplied. The law of demand and law of supply state that quantity demanded increases with lower prices and quantity supplied increases with higher prices, respectively. Market equilibrium occurs when quantity demanded equals quantity supplied at the equilibrium price. Changes in demand or supply curves result in new equilibrium prices and quantities.
1. Basics of retailing, Types of retailers
Retail Management Notes, Basics of Retail Management, Classification of Retailers, Types of Retailers, Scope of Retailing, Functions of Retailers, Role of Retailers in Distribution Channel, Indian retailscape, organized and Unorganized Retailers,
Retail
Retailing is the act of selling products or services to people for their personal, non business use. A retailer is a business that specializes in the act of retailing primarily.
Retailing includes all the activities involved in selling goods or services directly to final customers for their personal, non business use. A retailer is any business enterprise whose sales volume comes primarily from retailing.
Channels of distribution
The document discusses channels of distribution and the key considerations in designing a distribution channel strategy. It outlines the different types of intermediaries that can be used like wholesalers, retailers, and agents. It also examines factors to consider when selecting a distribution channel like product characteristics, market factors, company capabilities, and the services offered by potential middlemen.
Wholesaling and retailing (marketing)
This document discusses retailing and wholesaling. It defines retailing as selling goods or services to final consumers. Retailers provide convenience for consumers through locations near them and operating hours. They also provide guarantees, services, financing, promotions, storage, intelligence for manufacturers, and act as buying agents for consumers. Wholesaling involves selling goods to those who resell or use them to produce other goods. Wholesalers link manufacturers and retailers, and perform functions like anticipating needs, selling promotion, financing, storage, breaking bulk, transportation, and risk taking. Wholesalers are classified by the functions they perform, such as full function, limited function, and industrial wholesalers.
Internal trade
This document discusses different types of internal trade in India. It defines internal trade as the buying and selling of goods and services within a country. It then describes different types of internal traders like wholesalers and retailers. Wholesalers buy goods in bulk from producers and sell in smaller quantities to retailers. Retailers sell goods to ultimate consumers. There are different types of retailers like itinerant retailers who move from place to place and fixed shop retailers ranging from small general stores to large departmental stores and supermarkets.
PRICING DECISIONS & FACTORS INFLUENCING PRICING DECISIONS
- INTRODUCTION
- PRICE
- PRICING DECISIONS
- FACTORS INFLUENCING PRICING DECISIONS
- INTERNAL FACTORS
- COST
- COMPANY OBJECTIVES
- ORGANISATIONAL FACTORS
- MARKETING MIX
- PRODUCT DIFFERENTIATION
- EXTERNAL FACTORS
- COMPETITION
- DEMAND
- SUPPLIERS
- ECONOMIC CONDITIONS
- CONSUMERS
- GOVERNMENT
- CONCLUSION
Distribution channels in rural
The document discusses distribution challenges and opportunities in rural Indian markets. It notes that while there are over 60 lakh retail outlets in rural areas, reaching consumers is difficult due to a long distribution chain, lack of dealers and infrastructure like roads. However, 80% of consumers near highways shop in nearby towns. Emerging models to better reach rural customers include using cooperative societies, government distribution systems, mobile trading units, and modern retail chains with rural focus. Overall, marketers must take a selective approach in developing rural distribution networks due to the wide geographical scope and low population densities.
Retail trade
Retail trade involves the sale of goods directly to consumers. There are various types of retailers including itinerant retailers like hawkers and peddlers, fixed shop retailers like small stores and large stores like department stores. Retailers provide services to both producers such as promotion, and consumers such as regular supply and credit. Documents used in internal trade include invoices, debit notes, credit notes, and receipts.
Theories of retailing
There are two main theories of retailing described in the document: cyclical theories and evolutionary theories. Cyclical theories include the wheel of retailing theory and accordion theory, which propose that retail formats cycle between different stages. Evolutionary theories include the dialectic process theory and natural selection theory, which propose that retail formats evolve and adapt through competition and environmental changes, with the formats best able to adapt being most likely to survive. The document also describes the retail life cycle theory, in which retail organizations pass through stages of innovation, growth, maturity, and decline.
Oligopoly
This document provides an overview of oligopoly, including definitions, types, advantages, and disadvantages. It begins by defining oligopoly as a market situation where there are few sellers selling either homogeneous or differentiated products. It describes two types of oligopolies - pure (perfect) oligopoly where products are homogeneous, and imperfect oligopoly where products are differentiated. Advantages include large profits for firms and competitive prices for consumers. Disadvantages include lack of innovation without competition and barriers to entry for new firms. Price is determined based on factors like the break-even point. In conclusion, in an oligopoly a few firms have strong hold over the market and make decisions to compete against each other.
Price ceiling and price floor
This document discusses price controls and their impact on supply and demand. It provides examples of price ceilings, which establish a legal maximum price, and price floors, which set a legal minimum price. Price ceilings can cause shortages by creating a surplus of demand over supply. Price floors can result in surpluses or unemployment by producing a surplus of supply over demand. The effects are illustrated using supply and demand graphs for rental housing prices under a price ceiling and wages for unskilled labor under a minimum wage price floor.
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PRICING DECISIONS & FACTORS INFLUENCING PRICING DECISIONS
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Second appointment with the LUISS MBA Part-Time students, to talk about Fast Moving Consumer Goods Industry, one of the most dynamic and biggest in the world: an enormous global market made up of very famous brands that we use every day, distribute everywhere in the world. A safety bet, even in recession times, such these last years, because the demand for this kind of brands doesn’t fall...!
A world where also career is fast: where you immediately start to think bigger and better, to manage a big amount of money, to cover heavy responsibility and work on big project. that can influence the consumer’s habits and choice.
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Successful go-to-market strategies require integrating retailers, wholesalers, and logistical organizations. Future Retail operates multiple retail formats across India serving over 10 million customers weekly through diverse store formats. Reliance Mart is a large wholesale and retail center covering 165,000 square feet that offers over 95,000 products and services catering to both businesses and consumers.
Retailing of food in india
Retailing in India has grown significantly in recent years due to factors such as a rapidly growing middle class, rising incomes, and exposure to international brands. Food retailing makes up a large portion of the Indian retail sector, valued at $175 billion currently and expected to reach $400 billion by 2025. Several factors are driving growth in organized food retailing formats such as supermarkets, hypermarkets, and convenience stores. Major players in the Indian food retail sector include Reliance Fresh, Subhiksha, Food Bazaar, More Retail, and Wal-Mart which operates Supercenters in India.
Internaltrade
The document discusses different types of internal trade in India. It defines internal trade as trading within a country's borders. The main types of internal trade discussed are wholesale trade, retail trade, and different categories under each. Wholesale trade refers to large quantity buying and selling for resale. Retailers buy in small quantities from wholesalers and sell directly to consumers. Retail is further divided into itinerant retailers without fixed locations, and small and large scale fixed shops. The roles and services provided by wholesalers, retailers, and different categories are also summarized.
Introduction to Retail
Retailing encompasses the business activities involved in selling goods and services to consumers for their personal, family, or household use”.
Types of retail
Retail involves the sale of goods and services from businesses and individuals to end users. Retailers purchase products in large quantities from manufacturers and then sell smaller quantities to consumers for a profit. Retailing can occur in fixed locations like stores or markets, through door-to-door sales, or delivery. There are many types of retailers including independent stores, chains, franchises, cooperatives, convenience stores, supermarkets, department stores, discount stores, catalog/telephone retailers, vending machines, and e-retailers. Retail formats range from small mom-and-pop shops to large hypermarkets.
Food retail group 6 biscuit industry
Food retail in India includes various store formats like malls, department stores, hypermarkets, supermarkets, convenience stores, discount stores, and dollar stores. Rural retail is also growing with formats operated by companies like ITC, Godrej Agrovet, and Mahindra & Mahindra. Internet retailing is expanding rapidly in India at a projected CAGR of 48% and expected sales of INR 60 billion by 2015.
Retailing
Retailing involves adding value to products and services sold to consumers for personal use. It includes all activities related to selling goods or services to final consumers. Retailing provides assortments of products and services in convenient locations while breaking bulk and managing inventory. In India, retailing is evolving from traditional formats like markets to established formats like department stores and emerging formats like hypermarkets and malls. There are various types of retail formats classified by ownership, merchandise offered, and whether they are store-based, non-store based, or service-based.
retail management
Retailing involves the sale of goods to consumers for personal use rather than resale. Retailers are the last link in the supply chain between manufacturers and consumers. The key functions of retailers are to provide product assortments, break bulk quantities into smaller units for consumers, hold inventory, and provide services to customers. Common types of retailers include high street shops, convenience stores, specialty stores, supermarkets, franchise outlets, and hypermarkets.
chapter 1.pdf
Retail in India has evolved from traditional formats like markets and fairs to established formats like convenience stores and department stores. Emerging formats now include malls, specialty stores, and fast food outlets. Major drivers of retail change include rising incomes, changing consumption patterns, and socio-economic factors like a young population. While retail contributes around 10-11% to India's GDP and is one of its largest sectors, it remains highly unorganized. Organized retail faces challenges from competition with unorganized retailers as well as issues around infrastructure, taxation, and supply chain management.
Retail Management
This document provides an overview of retail management. It discusses various retail formats including traditional small stores, consumer cooperatives, and modern large format stores. It also covers the emergence of shopping malls in India. Franchising is explained as a method of business expansion where a franchisor allows others to use their brand name and systems. Key advantages like ready business models and disadvantages like high startup costs of franchising are mentioned. The document also briefly discusses legal issues and management aspects of retail operations and malls in India.
Retail marketing
This document provides an overview of retail management. It discusses the meaning and need for retail management. Some key points include:
- Retail management involves processes that help customers procure desired merchandise from retail stores for their end use. It aims to make shopping a pleasurable experience.
- Effective retail management saves customers time, avoids chaos in stores, and helps control shoplifting.
- The document also covers types of retailers, functions of retailing, retail environment factors, and the growth of retailing in India including the introduction of foreign direct investment.
- It discusses concepts like franchising, types of franchising, and theories of retail development such as environmental and cyclical theories.
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Wholesale and retail trade
- 1. WHOLESALE TRADE RETAIL TRADE
- 3. Retailing ‘’Retailing is a business where an organisation directly sells its products and services to an end costumer for personal use’’. With growing market demand, the industry is expected to grow at the rate of 25-30 % annually. Retail has two forms organised and unorganised .
- 4. Retailing sectors in India • Food and grocery • Clothing • Footwear • Gems and jewellery • Pharmaceuticals • Music • Books • Consumer durables
- 5. Importance • Largest and fastest growing sector in India. • Modern retailing forms one point stop for all shopping. • Consumer gets a large product variety of brands to choose from one roof. • First it was sellers market and now its changing to buyers market.
- 13. Concept • ‘Wholesale’ means to sell goods in relatively large quantities • The wholesalers buy goods and commodities in large quantities from the manufactures for the purpose of further selling them in small quantities to the retailers. • Vital link between the manufacturer and the retailer • Buys in bulk quantities from the manufacturers and resells them to the retailers in small quantities • Deals with limited number of products
- 15. Trends in wholesaling • Increased services • Regional coverage • Productivity and quality • Global expansion
- 16. Growth of wholesaling • Tremendous potential in retail sector • Manufacturer will need more number of wholesalers • Development and advancements in the mass production techniques • Many companies found distributing very costly • Thus there is ample scope for the wholesaling activities.