Educational technology is the application of technology to enhance instruction. It involves using devices that extend our capabilities for communicating and learning, from chalk and blackboards to computers and tablets. While the concept of educational technology is broad and evolving, it fundamentally involves using resources to satisfy our needs and wants in education. November proposes encouraging students to take on roles as researchers, reflectors and writers by giving them more control over their assignments and work, in order to foster contribution and participation - an approach that aligns with the concept of technology as extending human capabilities.

1. EDU626 Integrating Educational TechnologySummer 2011 What is Educational Technology?

2. What is Technology? A Definition of Technology The human process of applying resources to satisfy our wants and needs to extend our capabilities. http://cseserv.engr.scu.edu/NQuinn/ENGR019_301Winter2002/ADefinitionofTechnology.htm Cite4d without attribution by Dr Neil R Quinn Jr as part of ENGR 019/301 - Ethics in Technology 2

3. What about Media? What do you mean, media? Not mediums (that’s spiritualism)! Nor: When the media ask him [George W. Bush] a question, he answers, ‘Can I use a lifeline?’ ~ Robin Williams 2media1: a medium of cultivation, conveyance, or expression; especially: MEDIUM 2b1me·di·um2: a means of effecting or conveying something: b plural usually media (1) : a channel or system of communication, information, or entertainment 3

4. Is there a connection? Media are for communication Therefore, technology applications in media extend our communication capabilities In developing this site, we, the students of the Vancouver Film School-Multimedia, first had to define what the term media involved. It was our belief that the word itself implies the notion of communication. Therefore, anything that was once used to relay a message would be applicable. The Dead Media Projecthttp://student.vfs.com/~deadmedia/dedmedia.html 4

5. Dead Media? “. . . some media do, in fact, perish. Such as: the phenakistoscope. The teleharmonium. The Edison wax cylinder. The stereopticon. The Panorama. Early 20th century electric searchlight spectacles. Morton Heilig's early virtual reality. TelefonHirmondo. The various species of magic lantern. The pneumatic transfer tubes that once riddled the underground of Chicago. Was the Antikythera Device a medium? How about the Big Character Poster Democracy Wall in Peking in the early 80s? Never heard of any of these? Well, that's the problem. Bruce Sterling Dead Media Manifesto 5

6. What is Educational Technology? Educational technology is the application of technology in education or, the application of devices that extend our capabilities in ways that enhance instruction Thus, chalk and a blackboard, pen and paper, textbooks and the big ol’ pointer, they all are forms of educational technology! 6

7. A broad concept 7

8. An evolving concept 8

9. Computing History http://ei.cs.vt.edu/~history/ http://www.computerhistory.org/ http://www.thocp.net/ 9

10. Internet History http://www.archive.org/ http://www.archive.org/web/web.php http://www.pbs.org/opb/nerds2.0.1/ http://www.walthowe.com/navnet/history.html 10

12. Slate tablets?

13. Silicon tablets?11

14. Applications of media & technology What are the applications of various types of media and technology in the classroom or the school library media center? Tablets Paper-based media Electronic media Multimedia Etc. 12

15. Also assistive technology 13

16. Technology includes Web 2.0 Blogs and podcasts, oh my! Blogs and podcasts are changing the way we interact with information on the Internet . . . These are part of a reinvention of the Internet, referred to as Web 2.0, which is focused on using Internet technologies to connect people and information. While the idea as a whole extends into social bookmarking, collaborative development, and other tools, Web 2.0 is firmly rooted in the basic ideas of blogs. 14 Read Harris’s blog Infomancy

17. The implications of web 2.0 The web effect: Clay Shirky’sHere Comes Everybody (2009) One of the biggest shifts that Shirky outlines is emergence of the amateur over and above the expert. In many professions, it is now practically impossible to preserve occupational selectivity and authority. Mark Meynellin blog Quaerentia 15

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19. November on participation From “Myths and Opportunities” video “One of the things I think is critical is, a kid needs to make a contribution . . . Well, what we did, I believe, over time—and the irony is, technology did this—because we invented all kinds of machinery, we don’t need kids working any more. And so, we’ve robbed them of their sense of making a contribution to community.” “I think one of the breakthrough ideas is to change the concept of the learner into some who becomes a contributor by doing their work. It means we have to redefine the work. That represents the shift of control from the teacher . . . to the network of children” 17

20. What is November’s proposal? Encourage children to be: Researchers Reflectors Writers “Students researching the kinds of assignments they would like to do, rather than the teacher coming up with the assignment.” 18

21. But how does that square with our definition of technology? A Definition of Technology The human process of applying resources to satisfy our wants and needs to extend our capabilities. http://cseserv.engr.scu.edu/NQuinn/ENGR019_301Winter2002/ADefinitionofTechnology.htm 19

22. The End