This document discusses Web GIS and Web mapping. It defines Web GIS as a type of distributed information system comprising a GIS server and a client, typically accessed through a web browser. The main components of Web GIS are identified as the client (web browser), internet connection, web server, map server, and metadata. Various functions and advantages of Web GIS are outlined, including visualization, querying geospatial data, collecting/editing information, disseminating information, and analysis. Different types of web maps are also described such as analytical, animated, real-time, collaborative, and static web maps. In conclusion, the document emphasizes that successful Web GIS development requires considering the implementation as a process rather than a single

1. WEB GIS AND WEB MAPPING
SUBMITTED BY
ASIM PT
MSc. GEOGRAPHY
KANNUR UNIVERSITY
SUBMITTED TO
DR.BINDU KB
ASSISTANT PROFESSOR ON CONTRACT
KANNUR UNIVERSITY

2. WEB GIS
 Web GIS is an advanced form of Geographic Information Systems
available on web platforms.
 “Web GIS is a type of distributed information system, comprising at least a
server and a client, where the server is a GIS server and the client is a web
browser, desktop application, or mobile application. In its simplest form, web
GIS can be defined as any GIS that uses web technology to communicate
between a server and a client,( ESRI,2016)”.

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 Client:
– Internet Browser such as Internet Explore, Mozila firefox etc
 Internet Connection:
– Performance of a web GIS site largely depends on the bandwidth
of the Internet connection
– Higher the bandwidth better the performance
 Web server
– Handle the requests from Web Browser (user) and Return the
web page
 Meta Data
– data about data
– Including Server URL, Owner etc
COMPONENTS OF WEB GIS

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 Map Server
– The Map Server is the engine behind the maps you see on a
web page.
– The Map Server needs to be configured to communicate
between the web server and assemble data layers into an
appropriate image.

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 Web Mapping (Visualization) - It is a common and important functions of
Web GIS.
 Query
Asks for information about features display in the map, Point-based queries on
map data is a common task.
 Collecting/Editing geospatial information
 Dissemination of geospatial information
Wide distribution of information
 Analysis
Provide analytical functions
WEB GIS FUNCTIONS

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7. ADVANTAGE OF WEB GIS
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 Global accessible – Web remove the constraint of distance
 A large number of user – Desktop GIS is used by only one users at a
time, while Web GIS can be used by dozens or hundreds of user
simultaneously.
 Better cross-platform capability
 Low cost as averaged by the number of users
 Makes spatial data accessible to non-technical people – User expect
Web GIS as easy as using a regular web site
 Unified Update
 Diverse application – Broad user needs drive the innovative applications

8. WEB MAPPING
 Web mapping is the process of designing, implementing, generating
and delivering maps on the World Wide Web.
 Web mapping provides the ability to access geospatial mapping on the
internet through a web browser interface.
 emphasizes geodata processing aspects more involved with design
aspects such as data acquisition and server software architecture such
as data storage and algorithms.
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9. Types of Web Maps
Analytical web maps
 Analytical web maps offer GIS analysis.
The geodata can be a static provision, or
needs updates.
 As web clients gain capabilities processing
is distributed.
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10. Animated Maps
 Animated maps show changes in the map over time by animating one of
the graphical or temporal variables. Technologies enabling client-side
display of animated web maps include scalable vector graphics (SVG),
Adobe Flash, Java, QuickTime, and others.
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11. Realtime Maps
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Realtime maps show the situation of a phenomenon in close
to realtime (only a few seconds or minutes delay).They are usually animated.
Data is collected by sensors and the maps are generated or updated at regular
intervals or on demand. Web maps with real-time animation include weather
maps, traffic congestion maps and vehicle monitoring systems.

12. Collaborative web maps
Collaborative maps are a developing potential. open source
collaborative software, users collaborate to create and improve the web
mapping experience.
 Some collaborative web mapping projects are:
• Google Map Maker
• Here Map Creator
• OpenStreetMap
• WikiMapia
• meta:Maps - a survey of Wikimedia movement web mapping
proposals
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13. Online atlases
The traditional atlas goes through a remarkably large transition when
hosted on the web. Atlases can cease their printed editions or offer
printing on demand. Some atlases also offer raw data downloads of the
underlying geospatial data sources
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Static web maps
 Static web pages are view only without animation
or interactivity. These files are created once, often
manually, and infrequently updated.
 Typical graphics formats for static web maps
are PNG, JPEG, GIF, Or TIFF for raster files,
SVG, PDF or SWF for vector files.

15. ADVANTAGES OF WEB MAPS
 Easy delivery of up to date
 Availability of software and hardware infrastructure at low cost
 Easy distribution of product updates
 Web maps work across browsers and operating systems
 Capability to combine distributed data sources
 Web maps allow for personalization
 Web maps enable collaborative mapping
 Web maps support hyperlinking to other information on the web
 Easy to integrate multimedia with web maps.
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16. CONCLUSION
This analysis the current Web GIS architectures, and proposes a Web GIS
development process. Web GIS development processes faces new
challenges such as technology innovations, voluminous data transfer rate,
and non-specialist users. Web GIS development is more than buying GIS
software and hardware. In order to succeed, the implementation phase
must be considered as a process rather than a step. The process starts with
requirement analysis ending in web GIS use and maintenance
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17. REFERENCE
 https://www.unescap.org/sites/default/files/5.%20Introduction%20t
o%20webGIS.pdf
 http://spatial.ucsb.edu/eventfiles/docs/WebGIS_Principles_and_Ap
plications_UCSB.pdf
 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_mapping
 https://www.esri.com/arcgis-
blog/products/product/uncategorized/web-mapping-101
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Thank you