Dipole Antenna / Aerial Tutorial the dipole antenna or dipole aerial is a key element in the antenna environment. It can be used on its own or as part of another antenna system.
Dipole Antenna / Aerial Tutorial the dipole antenna or dipole aerial is a key element in the antenna environment. It can be used on its own or as part of another antenna system.
Substrate integrated waveguide power divider, circulator and coupler in [10 1...ijistjournal
The Substrate Integrated Waveguide (SIW) technology is an attractive approach for the design of high
performance microwave and millimeter wave components, as it combines the advantages of planar
technology, such as low fabrication costs, with the low loss inherent to the waveguide solution. In this
study, a substrate integrated waveguide power divider, circulator and coupler are conceived and optimized
in [10-15] GHz band by Ansoft HFSS code. Thus, results of this modeling are presented, discussed and
allow to integrate these devices in planar circuits.
Substrate integrated waveguide power divider, circulator and coupler in [10 1...ijistjournal
The Substrate Integrated Waveguide (SIW) technology is an attractive approach for the design of high
performance microwave and millimeter wave components, as it combines the advantages of planar
technology, such as low fabrication costs, with the low loss inherent to the waveguide solution. In this
study, a substrate integrated waveguide power divider, circulator and coupler are conceived and optimized
in [10-15] GHz band by Ansoft HFSS code. Thus, results of this modeling are presented, discussed and
allow to integrate these devices in planar circuits.
There is a mainly two types of waveguide which are mainly used in microwave transmission. A Rectangular waveguide and a circular waveguide. Microwave Propagation is being through these waveguides via different modes at different frequencies. But in practical implementation many problems arise like an ascetic excitation method, efficiency of particular mode, complex calculation etc., and an alternation is used. It is called a waveguide converter. In this paper different types of methods are analyzed and describe an output of these methods.
In our daily life we see so many antennas everywhere, from simple radio transreceiver to big tower antennas and DTH antennas. Antenna is a magical element in the field of communication. Nobody can dream of wireless communication without the use of antennas. It’s the antenna which creates the magic in the air and makes wireless communication possible.
In this paper authors will discuss about the cellular antennas. They will concentrate mainly on fundamentals of antenna, relationship between frequency, wavelength and dipole wave propagation and parameters of antenna like Gain, VSWR, SFR and FBR etc.
Authors also discuss about types of down tilt, generic requirements of antennas, selection of antennas and beam forming and active antenna systems.
This presentation is about Propagation of Electromagnetic Waves and covers the following topics:
-Introduction to EM Waves
-Electromagnetic Wave Spectrum
-Wave Propagation in Lossy Dielectrics
-Plane Waves in Free Space
-Properties of EM Waves
This presentation is as per the course of DAE Electronics ELECT-212.
This presentation is about antennas and covers the following topics:
-Antenna
-Hertzian dipole
-Half wave dipole
-Dipole antenna
-Quarter wave monopole antenna
-Antenna characteristics
This presentation is as per the course of DAE Electronics ELECT-212.
This Presentation is about Transmission Lines and covers the following topics:
-Transmission Lines
-Transmission Line Parameters
-Transmission Line Equations
This presentation is as per the course of DAE Electronics ELECT-212.
This presentation is about Electric Fields in material space and briefly describes the following topics:
-Electric Field
-Conductivity
-Material Types
-Maxwell's Equations
-Gauss's Law
-Faraday Law
-Ampere's Law
This presentation is as per the course of DAE Electronics ELECT-212.
This presentation explains Electrostatic Fields and covers following topics:
-Electrostatic Field
-Coulomb's Law
-Electric Field Intensity
-Electric Flux Density
-Gauss's Law
-Electric Potential
-Electric Dipole
-Electric Flux
-Equipotential Surfaces
This presentation is as per the course of DAE Electronics ELECT-212.
This presentation explains vectors and scalars, their methods of representation, their products and other basic things about vectors and scalars with examples and sample problems.
This presentation is as per the course of DAE Electronics ELECT-212.
Final project report on grocery store management system..pdfKamal Acharya
In today’s fast-changing business environment, it’s extremely important to be able to respond to client needs in the most effective and timely manner. If your customers wish to see your business online and have instant access to your products or services.
Online Grocery Store is an e-commerce website, which retails various grocery products. This project allows viewing various products available enables registered users to purchase desired products instantly using Paytm, UPI payment processor (Instant Pay) and also can place order by using Cash on Delivery (Pay Later) option. This project provides an easy access to Administrators and Managers to view orders placed using Pay Later and Instant Pay options.
In order to develop an e-commerce website, a number of Technologies must be studied and understood. These include multi-tiered architecture, server and client-side scripting techniques, implementation technologies, programming language (such as PHP, HTML, CSS, JavaScript) and MySQL relational databases. This is a project with the objective to develop a basic website where a consumer is provided with a shopping cart website and also to know about the technologies used to develop such a website.
This document will discuss each of the underlying technologies to create and implement an e- commerce website.
About
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
Technical Specifications
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
Key Features
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system
• Copatiable with IDM8000 CCR
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
Application
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
Automobile Management System Project Report.pdfKamal Acharya
The proposed project is developed to manage the automobile in the automobile dealer company. The main module in this project is login, automobile management, customer management, sales, complaints and reports. The first module is the login. The automobile showroom owner should login to the project for usage. The username and password are verified and if it is correct, next form opens. If the username and password are not correct, it shows the error message.
When a customer search for a automobile, if the automobile is available, they will be taken to a page that shows the details of the automobile including automobile name, automobile ID, quantity, price etc. “Automobile Management System” is useful for maintaining automobiles, customers effectively and hence helps for establishing good relation between customer and automobile organization. It contains various customized modules for effectively maintaining automobiles and stock information accurately and safely.
When the automobile is sold to the customer, stock will be reduced automatically. When a new purchase is made, stock will be increased automatically. While selecting automobiles for sale, the proposed software will automatically check for total number of available stock of that particular item, if the total stock of that particular item is less than 5, software will notify the user to purchase the particular item.
Also when the user tries to sale items which are not in stock, the system will prompt the user that the stock is not enough. Customers of this system can search for a automobile; can purchase a automobile easily by selecting fast. On the other hand the stock of automobiles can be maintained perfectly by the automobile shop manager overcoming the drawbacks of existing system.
Welcome to WIPAC Monthly the magazine brought to you by the LinkedIn Group Water Industry Process Automation & Control.
In this month's edition, along with this month's industry news to celebrate the 13 years since the group was created we have articles including
A case study of the used of Advanced Process Control at the Wastewater Treatment works at Lleida in Spain
A look back on an article on smart wastewater networks in order to see how the industry has measured up in the interim around the adoption of Digital Transformation in the Water Industry.
Overview of the fundamental roles in Hydropower generation and the components involved in wider Electrical Engineering.
This paper presents the design and construction of hydroelectric dams from the hydrologist’s survey of the valley before construction, all aspects and involved disciplines, fluid dynamics, structural engineering, generation and mains frequency regulation to the very transmission of power through the network in the United Kingdom.
Author: Robbie Edward Sayers
Collaborators and co editors: Charlie Sims and Connor Healey.
(C) 2024 Robbie E. Sayers
Sachpazis:Terzaghi Bearing Capacity Estimation in simple terms with Calculati...Dr.Costas Sachpazis
Terzaghi's soil bearing capacity theory, developed by Karl Terzaghi, is a fundamental principle in geotechnical engineering used to determine the bearing capacity of shallow foundations. This theory provides a method to calculate the ultimate bearing capacity of soil, which is the maximum load per unit area that the soil can support without undergoing shear failure. The Calculation HTML Code included.
Event Management System Vb Net Project Report.pdfKamal Acharya
In present era, the scopes of information technology growing with a very fast .We do not see any are untouched from this industry. The scope of information technology has become wider includes: Business and industry. Household Business, Communication, Education, Entertainment, Science, Medicine, Engineering, Distance Learning, Weather Forecasting. Carrier Searching and so on.
My project named “Event Management System” is software that store and maintained all events coordinated in college. It also helpful to print related reports. My project will help to record the events coordinated by faculties with their Name, Event subject, date & details in an efficient & effective ways.
In my system we have to make a system by which a user can record all events coordinated by a particular faculty. In our proposed system some more featured are added which differs it from the existing system such as security.
2. Contents
Understand the term “Waveguides”
Discuss Rectangular Waveguides
Discuss Rectangular Waveguide Modes
Define Circular Waveguides
3. Introduction to Waveguides
In electromagnetics and communications engineering, the term waveguide may
refer to any linear structure that conveys electromagnetic waves between its
endpoints. However, the original and most common meaning is a hollow metal
pipe used to carry radio waves.
A waveguide is a type of transmission line which is used to convey an EM-wave (or
Sound-wave) from one place to another.
A waveguide is normally looks like a hollow metal pipe. Hence there are three
types of waveguides w.r.t. their shape:
Rectangular
Circular
Elliptical
5. Waveguides: Principal of Operation
(Optional)
Depending on the frequency, waveguides can be constructed from either
conductive or dielectric materials. Generally, the lower the frequency to be passed
the larger the waveguide is.
6. Rectangular Waveguides
A rectangular waveguide basically consists of four metallic surfaces:
2 Side Walls
1 Upper Surface
1 Lower Surface
When an EM-Wave is inserted at a specific angle in the waveguide it reflects
towards its lower surface after striking the upper surface. It then strikes the lower
surface after travelling some distance. This procedure continues and the EM-Wave
reaches the other end of the waveguide and leaves the waveguide.
Note: The incident and reflection angles are equal.
7. Rectangular Waveguides
Waveguide can also be designed from a two wire line. To achieve this purpose a
stub is attached to one side of a two wire transmission line and stubs of the similar
size are also attached to the other side of the line. If this process is repeated with
infinite stubs, as shown in the figure, then we get a structure that looks like a
rectangular pipe and can be used as a rectangular waveguide.
8. Rectangular Waveguide Transmission
Modes
Energy that travels in transmission lines consists of electric and magnetic fields. There
are many ways to transmit this energy.
The methods by which EM waves travel are called transmission modes.
Basic three of them are given below:
Transverse Electric (TE) Mode
Transverse Magnetic (TM) Mode
Transverse Electric and Magnetic Field(TEM) Mode (Note supported in Rectangular
Waveguides)
Note: TEM mode is not supported in hollow conductors (i.e. Waveguides), it is supported in
two wire transmission lines used at lower frequencies such as coaxial cable, parallel wire
line and strip-line.
9. TE Mode
TE Mode: In this mode, Electric field is perpendicular to the direction of propagation.
TM Mode: In this mode, Magnetic field is perpendicular to the direction of propagation.
10. Circular Waveguide
This type of waveguide is a transmission line which carries EM waves from one
place to another and is circular in shape.
Circular waveguides basically consist of only one surface which is circularly wound
so that it forms the shape of a pipe.
These are normally used at places where EM waves are to be conveyed to an
antenna which is rotating.
If they are used to carry EM waves from one place to another, just like rectangular
waveguides, then the polarization of EM wave may change. Hence they are not
used to carry EM waves to long distances.
Editor's Notes
A stub is a short-circuited section of a transmission line connected in parallel to the main transmission line.