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Electrostatic Field
The document outlines key concepts in electrostatics, including Coulomb's law, electric fields, and Gauss's law. It explains electric flux density as a measure of electric field intensity and defines electric potential as the work required to move a charge within an electric field. Additional topics include electric dipoles and equipotential surfaces, highlighting their properties and applications.
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Electrostatic Field
- 1. ELECTROSTATIC FIELD Irfan Sultan Instructor(Telecom.) Govt. College ofTechnology
- 2. OBJECTIVES State Coulomb’sLaw and Field Intensity Describe Electric Field due to continuous charge distribution formulas Discuss Electric Flux Density Describe Gauss’s Law and its application to a point charge State Electric Potential Describe Relationship between E &V Discuss Electric Dipole Discuss Electric Flux Lines and Equipotential Surfaces
- 3. ELECTRIC FLUX DENSITY Definition: A measure of the intensity of an electric field generated by a free electric charge, corresponding to the number of electric field lines passing through a given area. It is also called electric displacement. If Electric Field Strength (E) is multiplied by the permittivity (𝜀) of a material, the resulting value is called Electric Flux Density (D). Its unit is Coulombs/m2 Formula: D = ε𝐸 Where, 𝐸 = 𝑄 ε𝐴
- 4. DIFFERENCE B/W ELECTRIC FLUX(𝜓) AND ELECTRIC FLUX DENSITY (𝐷) The Electric Flux is a measure of the Electric Field due to some charge, experienced over a hypothetical surface area of any magnitude. The Electric Flux Density is a measure of the Electric Field due to some charge, experienced over a hypothetical Unit surface area i.e. 1 square units.
- 5. GAUSS’S LAW APPLICATIONTO APOINT CHARGE The Electric Flux leaving a closed surface is Proportional to the charge enclosed. 𝜓 ∝ 𝑄
- 6. ELECTRIC POTENTIAL Electricpotential is the amount of work needed to move a unit positive charge from a reference point (taken at infinity i.e. beyond the influence of electric field) to a specific point in an electric field. 𝑉 = 𝑊 𝑞 = 𝑭. 𝒓 𝑞 = 𝑘𝑄 𝑟 Unit: J/C (Joules per Coulomb)
- 7. ELECTRIC POTENTIAL DIFFERENCE It is the work done to move a unit charge from one point to another in an electric field. 𝑉𝐴𝐵 = 𝑉𝐴 − 𝑉𝐵 = 𝐴 𝐵 𝐸. 𝑑𝑙 = 𝑊 𝑄
- 8. ELECTRIC DIPOLE Anelectric dipole is a separation of positive and negative charges. The simplest example of this is a pair of electric charges of equal magnitude but opposite sign, separated by some (usually small) distance. A permanent electric dipole is called an electret.
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- 10. ELECTRIC FLUX LINES:QUIZ Fill in the blanks in the associated diagrams with appropriate letters, A to J, depending on the amount of charge on each object.
- 11. EQUIPOTENTIAL SURFACES Equipotentialsurfaces are surfaces of constant scalar potential. In electrostatics, the work done to move a charge from any point on the equipotential surface to any other point on the same equipotential surface is zero since they are at the same potential.
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