Delivered July 2014 in Reno, NV for the American Water Resources Association's Summer Specialty Conference on Integrated Water Resources Management.
Abstract: Ever since the Yakima River Basin Water Enhancement Project Workgroup (YRBWEP Workgroup) arrived at a consensus agreement, its Yakima River Basin Integrated Water Resource Management Plan (Yakima Plan) has been touted as a paragon for collaborative watershed planning. While the YRBWEP Workgroup holds some potential as a model of success for similar basin planning groups, it is critical to first understand the drivers behind its success. This study examines the process that created the Yakima Plan and evaluates the Yakima Plan’s success. In order to identify factors that led the YRBWEP Workgroup to consensus agreement, I analyze qualitative data collected from interviews with approximately 12 stakeholders who represent a variety of interests. I set my findings against theory of successful practices of collaborative watershed partnerships and compare theory to practice. I found that grassroots stakeholders united on shared values to move forward, the state and federal stakeholders engaged actively and coordinated initiatives, and the YRBWEP Workgroup committed to a balanced approach to watershed planning. By closely examining the case of the YRBWEP Workgroup and the Yakima Plan, this study seeks to inform collaborative watershed planning groups of what to think about while considering theoretically effective strategies for success.
The document summarizes discussions from a summit on the future of the Great Lakes Restoration Initiative (GLRI). Key conclusions from the summit included: 1) Continued funding of the GLRI is needed as billions remain for restoration work and it has provided economic and environmental benefits; 2) The GLRI's federal budget authorization should be expanded to 5 years at a minimum of $300 million annually; 3) Cleanup of polluted Areas of Concern should remain a priority as it has been a success of the GLRI.
Smart Growth for Maine Fisheries Communities in the Face of Climate Change - ...GrowSmart Maine
The Island Institute works to sustain Maine's island and coastal communities through various program areas, including community and economic development, marine programs, education, and community energy. The document discusses how fish and lobster populations are shifting in Maine in response to climate change, with warming waters causing lobsters to thrive while groundfish populations decline. It also notes other observed impacts of climate change on Maine fishing communities and efforts underway to help communities adapt, including supporting sustainable fisheries and aquaculture, community energy efficiency projects, and education programs.
The document discusses various challenges facing water resource management in the US, including population growth, aging infrastructure, environmental issues, and climate change. It outlines the US Army Corps of Engineers' shift to a more holistic, collaborative approach focused on long-term solutions through integrated water resource management, risk-informed decision making, adaptive management, and leveraging of resources.
The document discusses three main challenges facing Tampa Bay municipalities in increasing their resiliency to sea level rise: educational challenges, definition challenges, and infrastructure challenges. It provides examples of each challenge and recommends actions that can be taken locally to address the challenges, such as preventing new construction in coastal areas, increasing building code standards, and developing long-term plans for protection measures. The document also discusses the Coastal Zoning Management Program and the National Flood Insurance Program as potential tools to help address the challenges.
Hazard mitigation has increasingly become the responsibility of local decision makers who work with technical assistance providers to apply for federal funding. Understanding the disaster cycle: preparedness, response, recovery and mitigation; helps communities reduce risk from disaster. During this panel, the
importance of understanding the need to adopt both structural and non‐structural mitigation strategies will be covered.
Speakers: Jonathon Monken, Director, Illinois Emergency
Management Agency (IEMA); Rusty Tenton, State Hazard Mitigation
Office, Illinois Emergency Management Agency (IEMA); Ron Davis, State Hazard Mitigation Office, Illinois Emergency Management Agency (IEMA);
Foundation: Mary Ellen Chamberlin, President, RDA
Facilitator: Carrie McKillip, Community Development Educator,
University of Illinois Extension
This document summarizes a presentation on sustainability and greenhouse gas management in Florida. It discusses how sustainability involves balancing environmental, economic and equity concerns. It then explains greenhouse gases and the science of global warming. The presentation outlines efforts at the federal, state and local levels in Florida to address sustainability and reduce greenhouse gas emissions, including through government policies, private businesses and organizations, schools and non-profits. However, it notes the lack of clear leadership and coordination of these diverse efforts in Florida.
The document discusses preserving the Iraqi marshlands and the challenges involved. It states that Canada is teaching Iraqi professors and students about the marshes and training them in areas like water quality monitoring, which empowers them to manage their own resources. It identifies challenges such as instability in Iraq, lack of cooperation between Iraq and neighbors, and economic and development priorities that could threaten the marshes. It argues these challenges can be overcome through sustainable development, stability in Iraq, effective restoration management, and cooperation between regional nations.
UEDA 2008 Univ Of Alaska Canary And ClimateEd Morrison
This document discusses climate change impacts and opportunities in Fairbanks North Star Borough, Alaska. It notes that rising temperatures are causing permafrost thaw and increased wildfires. Several sectors are impacted, including natural resources, community health, and infrastructure. A climate change task force was established to address these issues. The document also describes economic development opportunities from a changing climate, such as expanded agriculture and tourism due to warmer seasons. University researchers are working with local communities to identify risks, adaptation strategies, and ways to capitalize on new opportunities presented by climate change.
The document summarizes discussions from a summit on the future of the Great Lakes Restoration Initiative (GLRI). Key conclusions from the summit included: 1) Continued funding of the GLRI is needed as billions remain for restoration work and it has provided economic and environmental benefits; 2) The GLRI's federal budget authorization should be expanded to 5 years at a minimum of $300 million annually; 3) Cleanup of polluted Areas of Concern should remain a priority as it has been a success of the GLRI.
Smart Growth for Maine Fisheries Communities in the Face of Climate Change - ...GrowSmart Maine
The Island Institute works to sustain Maine's island and coastal communities through various program areas, including community and economic development, marine programs, education, and community energy. The document discusses how fish and lobster populations are shifting in Maine in response to climate change, with warming waters causing lobsters to thrive while groundfish populations decline. It also notes other observed impacts of climate change on Maine fishing communities and efforts underway to help communities adapt, including supporting sustainable fisheries and aquaculture, community energy efficiency projects, and education programs.
The document discusses various challenges facing water resource management in the US, including population growth, aging infrastructure, environmental issues, and climate change. It outlines the US Army Corps of Engineers' shift to a more holistic, collaborative approach focused on long-term solutions through integrated water resource management, risk-informed decision making, adaptive management, and leveraging of resources.
The document discusses three main challenges facing Tampa Bay municipalities in increasing their resiliency to sea level rise: educational challenges, definition challenges, and infrastructure challenges. It provides examples of each challenge and recommends actions that can be taken locally to address the challenges, such as preventing new construction in coastal areas, increasing building code standards, and developing long-term plans for protection measures. The document also discusses the Coastal Zoning Management Program and the National Flood Insurance Program as potential tools to help address the challenges.
Hazard mitigation has increasingly become the responsibility of local decision makers who work with technical assistance providers to apply for federal funding. Understanding the disaster cycle: preparedness, response, recovery and mitigation; helps communities reduce risk from disaster. During this panel, the
importance of understanding the need to adopt both structural and non‐structural mitigation strategies will be covered.
Speakers: Jonathon Monken, Director, Illinois Emergency
Management Agency (IEMA); Rusty Tenton, State Hazard Mitigation
Office, Illinois Emergency Management Agency (IEMA); Ron Davis, State Hazard Mitigation Office, Illinois Emergency Management Agency (IEMA);
Foundation: Mary Ellen Chamberlin, President, RDA
Facilitator: Carrie McKillip, Community Development Educator,
University of Illinois Extension
This document summarizes a presentation on sustainability and greenhouse gas management in Florida. It discusses how sustainability involves balancing environmental, economic and equity concerns. It then explains greenhouse gases and the science of global warming. The presentation outlines efforts at the federal, state and local levels in Florida to address sustainability and reduce greenhouse gas emissions, including through government policies, private businesses and organizations, schools and non-profits. However, it notes the lack of clear leadership and coordination of these diverse efforts in Florida.
The document discusses preserving the Iraqi marshlands and the challenges involved. It states that Canada is teaching Iraqi professors and students about the marshes and training them in areas like water quality monitoring, which empowers them to manage their own resources. It identifies challenges such as instability in Iraq, lack of cooperation between Iraq and neighbors, and economic and development priorities that could threaten the marshes. It argues these challenges can be overcome through sustainable development, stability in Iraq, effective restoration management, and cooperation between regional nations.
UEDA 2008 Univ Of Alaska Canary And ClimateEd Morrison
This document discusses climate change impacts and opportunities in Fairbanks North Star Borough, Alaska. It notes that rising temperatures are causing permafrost thaw and increased wildfires. Several sectors are impacted, including natural resources, community health, and infrastructure. A climate change task force was established to address these issues. The document also describes economic development opportunities from a changing climate, such as expanded agriculture and tourism due to warmer seasons. University researchers are working with local communities to identify risks, adaptation strategies, and ways to capitalize on new opportunities presented by climate change.
CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION IN INDIAN COUNTRY TRIBAL REGULATION OF RESERVATION LANErick Giles
This document summarizes a law review article about climate change adaptation in Indian country. It discusses how climate change is impacting tribal lands and resources across different regions of North America. Tribal communities are often hardest hit due to their reliance on natural resources for subsistence and culture. Rising sea levels are forcing relocation of Alaska Native and Pacific Northwest tribes. Drought is damaging agriculture in the Southwest. Changing conditions are threatening traditional lifeways. The impacts endanger tribal economic security, health and welfare. Tribes are asserting more control over lands and resources to adapt, but face historical limitations on regulatory authority.
This document discusses federal options for protecting the North Coast ocean environment. It provides an overview of key issues, including the importance of the ocean economy to the region. It then reviews several federal laws - the Outer Continental Shelf Lands Act, National Environmental Policy Act, Coastal Zone Management Act, and National Marine Sanctuaries Act - that could provide options for increasing protections. These options include legislative and executive actions under the various laws. The document aims to identify uses that are compatible and incompatible with conservation in order to advance sustainable use of the North Coast ocean.
The 2013 annual report summarizes the National Wildlife Federation's activities and financial status for the year. Key accomplishments included conserving wildlife habitats across large landscapes in the US, defending vulnerable habitats from degradation, and helping communities prepare for climate change impacts. Financially, the NWF received $85 million in revenue, with the majority from memberships and donations, and spent 78% of expenses on conservation programs.
Flood experts introduced two updated tools that help fill in the critical information gap between climate change and flooding.
Learn more: https://www.wri.org/events/2020/04/aqueduct-floods-launch-future-flooding
Managed Retreat for Climate Change Adaptation and Disaster Risk Reduction A C...Global Risk Forum GRFDavos
6th International Disaster and Risk Conference IDRC 2016 Integrative Risk Management - Towards Resilient Cities. 28 August - 01 September 2016 in Davos, Switzerland
Conserving Forests in the New York City WatershedKim Beidler
The document discusses forest conservation efforts in the New York City watershed. It describes the watershed area and land ownership breakdown. The Watershed Agricultural Council (WAC) pays for forest management plans to encourage sustainable forestry practices, but evaluations found the plans did not increase best management practices or sustainable harvesting. The document suggests the state's 480-a tax incentive program, which WAC now helps fund management plans for, may be a more effective conservation tool through property tax reductions and strong penalties for noncompliance.
1) The document discusses guidelines for communicating about climate change effectively.
2) It emphasizes focusing on simple, clear messages repeated by trusted sources, knowing the audience, and framing messages around public health, energy security, local impacts, and solutions.
3) Effective communication involves social learning, dialogue, and making the issues local and relevant while offering adaptive solutions.
Rappaport Article_Massachusetts Must Prepare Now For FloodingErica Mattison
Erica Mattison obtained degrees from Suffolk University and UMass Amherst. She assisted a state senator on climate legislation. The document discusses how Hurricane Sandy highlighted Massachusetts' vulnerability to flooding from climate change. Sea level rise and more frequent storms are expected to greatly increase flooding risks. The state needs more analysis of climate impacts to inform planning and legislation calls for vulnerability assessments of key infrastructure. A comprehensive effort is needed from state and local governments as well as private partners to adapt to growing flood risks.
Kiribati is highly vulnerable to climate change impacts due to its low-lying atolls and isolation. Key vulnerabilities include sea level rise threatening coastal areas where most people live, and saltwater intrusion contaminating limited freshwater supplies. National adaptation priorities are water and sanitation, coastal protection, and renewable energy. At the local level, island councils develop strategic plans. Challenges to adaptation include limited capacity and financing for implementation. Kiribati is working to strengthen coordination across levels of government and develop project proposals to access international climate funds to advance its three priority adaptation areas.
The document summarizes a presentation given by Justin Milward from the Woodland Trust about the benefits of woodlands. It discusses that the Woodland Trust is a conservation charity formed in 1972 that now owns over 1,000 sites across the UK totaling 20,000 hectares. It notes that trees and woodlands provide numerous benefits, including helping wildlife, improving health and wellbeing, mitigating climate change, benefiting water resources, boosting the economy, and creating sustainable communities. The document advocates for increasing tree planting and woodland creation in England to capitalize on these environmental, social, and economic advantages.
Laliberte,eric nasa pm challenge 2012 pm in changing global environmentNASAPMC
This document discusses managing space projects in a changing global environment. It notes that the economy and number of partners have changed, impacting partnerships which now involve more partners and interests. This leads to more technically complex interfaces and increased delivery risks due to interdependencies. The challenges of space projects remain, but relationships are more crucial as new challenges and complexity have increased across processes, culture, contracts, and politics.
2015 has been a very important year for humanity and the health of our planet. With your generous support, we made substantial strides advancing global sustainability in 2015. Click on the slideshow below for highlights from the year.
This document summarizes the key findings from the Third National Climate Assessment. It finds that human-induced climate change is occurring and having widespread impacts across the United States. Temperatures are rising, heavy precipitation events are increasing, sea levels are rising, and these changes are exacerbated extreme weather events. Specific impacts include worsening wildfires, declining crop yields, worsening air and water quality, and sea level rise threatening coastal infrastructure. The assessment concludes that immediate action is needed to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and implement adaptation measures to prepare for unavoidable future impacts.
Sustainable Economic Development - Class 11AnjaliKaur3
Sustainable Economic Development is very important these days especially for countries like India. This PPT will be useful for the students preparing for their presentations, examinations and for the teachers to use it as a teaching aid.
This document proposes an adaptive management plan to reduce marine debris in Ketchikan, Alaska. The plan establishes goals and strategies to address debris from land and ocean sources over two years through cooperation among stakeholders. Objectives include decreasing land-based debris in waterways through education and enforcement; reducing commonly littered items through outreach and incentives; and decreasing solid waste and fishing gear entering oceans through fisherman education and convenient disposal options. Progress will be evaluated by monitoring debris levels, participation rates, and survey feedback to adjust strategies as needed.
Green Sustainability Plans: an introduction to their international sucessElizabeth Baker
Huey D. Johnson awards Mike Taugher first ever Truth in Environmental Reporting Award; describes the history of environmentalism from Ancient Rome and China forward; describes proven, decades-long success of Green Plans as solution for environmental management including the causes of climate change.
This document discusses the connections between climate change and national security. It argues that climate change impacts like rising sea levels, extreme weather, and decreased agricultural productivity could exacerbate global tensions and conflicts by threatening water and food security. Climate change is a threat multiplier that makes existing security challenges even more difficult to manage. The document outlines implications for military roles, including increased humanitarian and disaster response missions both domestically and abroad. It also discusses impacts on infrastructure, supply lines, and the need for militaries to adapt operations and reduce their own emissions. Overall, the document advocates for serious consideration of how climate change could threaten global stability and shape future security environments.
This document discusses the relationship between climate change and international security. It examines four aspects of security that may be impacted by climate change: human security, national security, international security, and ecological security. It explores predictions about impacts of climate change like rising sea levels and temperatures. It also analyzes how climate change may fuel conflicts over issues like water and displace large numbers of climate refugees. However, the document concludes that assumptions about "climate wars" are overstated and not supported by reality. International cooperation and complementary legal protections can help manage issues like water disputes and displacement of climate refugees.
When nonspeaking patients on a specialized medical-surgical unit were provided with a simplified communication board, nurse-patient communication improved and patient frustration decreased. Patients and nurses completed surveys before and after the communication board was provided. The final results showed reduced time to communicate, improved understanding between nurses and patients, and lower frustration levels for both patients and nurses.
This issue of the WCOP magazine focuses on integration, identity, and image of overseas Pakistanis. It includes messages from the High Commissioner of Pakistan and WCOP Chairman Sajjad Karim discussing the contributions of British Pakistanis. The issue also profiles Malala Yousafzai and covers several WCOP events celebrating Pakistanis in Britain.
CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION IN INDIAN COUNTRY TRIBAL REGULATION OF RESERVATION LANErick Giles
This document summarizes a law review article about climate change adaptation in Indian country. It discusses how climate change is impacting tribal lands and resources across different regions of North America. Tribal communities are often hardest hit due to their reliance on natural resources for subsistence and culture. Rising sea levels are forcing relocation of Alaska Native and Pacific Northwest tribes. Drought is damaging agriculture in the Southwest. Changing conditions are threatening traditional lifeways. The impacts endanger tribal economic security, health and welfare. Tribes are asserting more control over lands and resources to adapt, but face historical limitations on regulatory authority.
This document discusses federal options for protecting the North Coast ocean environment. It provides an overview of key issues, including the importance of the ocean economy to the region. It then reviews several federal laws - the Outer Continental Shelf Lands Act, National Environmental Policy Act, Coastal Zone Management Act, and National Marine Sanctuaries Act - that could provide options for increasing protections. These options include legislative and executive actions under the various laws. The document aims to identify uses that are compatible and incompatible with conservation in order to advance sustainable use of the North Coast ocean.
The 2013 annual report summarizes the National Wildlife Federation's activities and financial status for the year. Key accomplishments included conserving wildlife habitats across large landscapes in the US, defending vulnerable habitats from degradation, and helping communities prepare for climate change impacts. Financially, the NWF received $85 million in revenue, with the majority from memberships and donations, and spent 78% of expenses on conservation programs.
Flood experts introduced two updated tools that help fill in the critical information gap between climate change and flooding.
Learn more: https://www.wri.org/events/2020/04/aqueduct-floods-launch-future-flooding
Managed Retreat for Climate Change Adaptation and Disaster Risk Reduction A C...Global Risk Forum GRFDavos
6th International Disaster and Risk Conference IDRC 2016 Integrative Risk Management - Towards Resilient Cities. 28 August - 01 September 2016 in Davos, Switzerland
Conserving Forests in the New York City WatershedKim Beidler
The document discusses forest conservation efforts in the New York City watershed. It describes the watershed area and land ownership breakdown. The Watershed Agricultural Council (WAC) pays for forest management plans to encourage sustainable forestry practices, but evaluations found the plans did not increase best management practices or sustainable harvesting. The document suggests the state's 480-a tax incentive program, which WAC now helps fund management plans for, may be a more effective conservation tool through property tax reductions and strong penalties for noncompliance.
1) The document discusses guidelines for communicating about climate change effectively.
2) It emphasizes focusing on simple, clear messages repeated by trusted sources, knowing the audience, and framing messages around public health, energy security, local impacts, and solutions.
3) Effective communication involves social learning, dialogue, and making the issues local and relevant while offering adaptive solutions.
Rappaport Article_Massachusetts Must Prepare Now For FloodingErica Mattison
Erica Mattison obtained degrees from Suffolk University and UMass Amherst. She assisted a state senator on climate legislation. The document discusses how Hurricane Sandy highlighted Massachusetts' vulnerability to flooding from climate change. Sea level rise and more frequent storms are expected to greatly increase flooding risks. The state needs more analysis of climate impacts to inform planning and legislation calls for vulnerability assessments of key infrastructure. A comprehensive effort is needed from state and local governments as well as private partners to adapt to growing flood risks.
Kiribati is highly vulnerable to climate change impacts due to its low-lying atolls and isolation. Key vulnerabilities include sea level rise threatening coastal areas where most people live, and saltwater intrusion contaminating limited freshwater supplies. National adaptation priorities are water and sanitation, coastal protection, and renewable energy. At the local level, island councils develop strategic plans. Challenges to adaptation include limited capacity and financing for implementation. Kiribati is working to strengthen coordination across levels of government and develop project proposals to access international climate funds to advance its three priority adaptation areas.
The document summarizes a presentation given by Justin Milward from the Woodland Trust about the benefits of woodlands. It discusses that the Woodland Trust is a conservation charity formed in 1972 that now owns over 1,000 sites across the UK totaling 20,000 hectares. It notes that trees and woodlands provide numerous benefits, including helping wildlife, improving health and wellbeing, mitigating climate change, benefiting water resources, boosting the economy, and creating sustainable communities. The document advocates for increasing tree planting and woodland creation in England to capitalize on these environmental, social, and economic advantages.
Laliberte,eric nasa pm challenge 2012 pm in changing global environmentNASAPMC
This document discusses managing space projects in a changing global environment. It notes that the economy and number of partners have changed, impacting partnerships which now involve more partners and interests. This leads to more technically complex interfaces and increased delivery risks due to interdependencies. The challenges of space projects remain, but relationships are more crucial as new challenges and complexity have increased across processes, culture, contracts, and politics.
2015 has been a very important year for humanity and the health of our planet. With your generous support, we made substantial strides advancing global sustainability in 2015. Click on the slideshow below for highlights from the year.
This document summarizes the key findings from the Third National Climate Assessment. It finds that human-induced climate change is occurring and having widespread impacts across the United States. Temperatures are rising, heavy precipitation events are increasing, sea levels are rising, and these changes are exacerbated extreme weather events. Specific impacts include worsening wildfires, declining crop yields, worsening air and water quality, and sea level rise threatening coastal infrastructure. The assessment concludes that immediate action is needed to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and implement adaptation measures to prepare for unavoidable future impacts.
Sustainable Economic Development - Class 11AnjaliKaur3
Sustainable Economic Development is very important these days especially for countries like India. This PPT will be useful for the students preparing for their presentations, examinations and for the teachers to use it as a teaching aid.
This document proposes an adaptive management plan to reduce marine debris in Ketchikan, Alaska. The plan establishes goals and strategies to address debris from land and ocean sources over two years through cooperation among stakeholders. Objectives include decreasing land-based debris in waterways through education and enforcement; reducing commonly littered items through outreach and incentives; and decreasing solid waste and fishing gear entering oceans through fisherman education and convenient disposal options. Progress will be evaluated by monitoring debris levels, participation rates, and survey feedback to adjust strategies as needed.
Green Sustainability Plans: an introduction to their international sucessElizabeth Baker
Huey D. Johnson awards Mike Taugher first ever Truth in Environmental Reporting Award; describes the history of environmentalism from Ancient Rome and China forward; describes proven, decades-long success of Green Plans as solution for environmental management including the causes of climate change.
This document discusses the connections between climate change and national security. It argues that climate change impacts like rising sea levels, extreme weather, and decreased agricultural productivity could exacerbate global tensions and conflicts by threatening water and food security. Climate change is a threat multiplier that makes existing security challenges even more difficult to manage. The document outlines implications for military roles, including increased humanitarian and disaster response missions both domestically and abroad. It also discusses impacts on infrastructure, supply lines, and the need for militaries to adapt operations and reduce their own emissions. Overall, the document advocates for serious consideration of how climate change could threaten global stability and shape future security environments.
This document discusses the relationship between climate change and international security. It examines four aspects of security that may be impacted by climate change: human security, national security, international security, and ecological security. It explores predictions about impacts of climate change like rising sea levels and temperatures. It also analyzes how climate change may fuel conflicts over issues like water and displace large numbers of climate refugees. However, the document concludes that assumptions about "climate wars" are overstated and not supported by reality. International cooperation and complementary legal protections can help manage issues like water disputes and displacement of climate refugees.
When nonspeaking patients on a specialized medical-surgical unit were provided with a simplified communication board, nurse-patient communication improved and patient frustration decreased. Patients and nurses completed surveys before and after the communication board was provided. The final results showed reduced time to communicate, improved understanding between nurses and patients, and lower frustration levels for both patients and nurses.
This issue of the WCOP magazine focuses on integration, identity, and image of overseas Pakistanis. It includes messages from the High Commissioner of Pakistan and WCOP Chairman Sajjad Karim discussing the contributions of British Pakistanis. The issue also profiles Malala Yousafzai and covers several WCOP events celebrating Pakistanis in Britain.
The document discusses return on investment (ROI) and provides an example to calculate ROI. It presents a scenario of Shari considering investing in cosmetology school. The costs of the investment include $22,000 for tuition and living expenses, $9,360 in lost wages from working part-time, $1,300 for transportation, and $7,800 for childcare, totaling $40,460. The potential gains are a cosmetologist salary of $110,488 over 10 years. Calculating ROI as (gains - costs) / costs, Shari's ROI for the investment in cosmetology school is 173%.
Investing in cosmetology school would cost Shari $40,460 including student loans, lost wages, transportation, and childcare over the year. However, the median salary for cosmetologists is $23,140-$44,220 annually based on Bureau of Labor Statistics data. With a salary of $31,110 or more, Shari's gains over 10 years would be $110,488. Her return on investment would be 173% - significantly higher than her current $9/hour wage. Calculating the ROI helps Shari determine that cosmetology school is a good investment for her future career and financial goals.
Copy of the changing landscape of chemicals in consumer productsAmanda Cattermole
The document contains attributions for 20 stock photos from Flickr that have Creative Commons licenses allowing for reuse. The photos cover a variety of subjects and were taken by different photographers. All photos are credited and linked back to their original source on Flickr.
An acute triangle has all angles less than 90 degrees. An obtuse triangle has one angle greater than 90 degrees. A right triangle has one 90 degree angle. Triangles can also be classified based on their side lengths as equilateral (all sides equal), isosceles (two sides equal), or scalene (all sides unequal). The perimeter of a triangle is calculated by adding the lengths of all three sides. The area of a triangle is calculated using the formula Area = (base x height) / 2, where the base is the length of one side and the height is the length of the line drawn perpendicular to the base from the opposite vertex.
Copy of The Changing Landscape of Chemicals in Consumer ProductsAmanda Cattermole
The document contains credits for 20 stock photos used under various Creative Commons licenses. Each photo credit includes the name of the photographer, a link to the photo on Flickr, and a notation of the Creative Commons license type. The photos come from a variety of sources and cover different subjects.
First Natl Acceptance Co. v. City of Utica_12-cv-01622-0[1]James Evans
This case concerns the demolition of an apartment building owned by John Gosnell in Utica, New York. First National Acceptance Company held a mortgage on the property. The City of Utica inspected the building and issued notices of violations to Gosnell, but did not notify First National or follow certain statutory procedures. First National claims the demolition violated its due process rights. The court will determine if issues of material fact exist regarding whether Utica followed applicable laws in declaring the building unsafe and ordering its demolition.
The document discusses return on investment (ROI) and provides an example calculation to determine the ROI of a career change for Shari. It details the costs of investment for Shari to attend cosmetology school, including $22,000 in student loans, $9,360 in lost wages, $1,300 in transportation, and $7,800 in childcare, totaling $40,460. It then estimates gains of $110,488 based on average cosmetologist salaries. Calculating ROI as (gains - costs) / costs, Shari's ROI for changing careers to cosmetology is 173%, indicating the investment would be well worth it.
This document provides a summary of the magazine "The Fortune" and discusses some of its goals and sections. It introduces the editor and staff of the magazine. It aims to discuss topics like hope, life, art, and positivity. The magazine is dedicated to all age groups. It dedicates an issue to providing support for victims of natural disasters in Nepal and a helicopter crash in northern Pakistan. It hopes to bring illuminating discussions and receive feedback to improve. The magazine contains sections on emerging artists, youth initiatives, brain drain, teachers, Gwadar's development as a trade point, memoirs, entrepreneurship, technology's impact on healthcare and more. It ends by providing contact information.
Jason Wyatt has over 30 years of experience in industrial maintenance and electrical engineering roles, including 4 years of offshore oil rig experience. He has extensive skills in PLC programming, industrial automation, robotics, electrical systems, and process equipment maintenance. Wyatt holds various technical certifications and associates degree in electronics, seeking a new leadership position to make use of his skills and experience.
Este documento resume los aspectos clave de la tetralogía de Fallot, una cardiopatía congénita cianógena frecuente. Aunque la cirugía de reparación ha mejorado la sobrevida de estos pacientes, aún enfrentan complicaciones como la insuficiencia pulmonar. Es importante el seguimiento a largo plazo para identificar tempranamente el deterioro de la función ventricular derecha y referir a los pacientes para un posible reemplazo de la válvula pulmonar antes de que los daños se vuelvan irreversibles. La ec
This document provides an overview of child development and the major theories of development. It discusses the key periods of development from prenatal to adolescence and the domains of physical, cognitive, and social/emotional development. Major theories covered include psychoanalytic, behaviorist, social learning, biological, cognitive, and systems approaches. These theories aim to describe and explain how children grow and learn over time.
The Dakota Access Pipeline: Lessons Learned from the Standing Rock Protests f...TWCA
The document summarizes lessons learned from the protests against the Dakota Access Pipeline by the Standing Rock Sioux Tribe. It discusses the pipeline project itself and the key events in the protests from the perspectives of the tribe, USACE, and North Dakota. Some key takeaways are to engage tribes early in cultural resource issues, recognize tribal sovereignty, be transparent while protecting sensitive information, and realize larger historical and social contexts are involved in controversial infrastructure projects. Social media's influence on spreading information is also noted.
The Itasca County Climate Dialogue is the second in a series of projects aimed at supporting rural citizens to assert leadership and build resiliency in the face of extreme weather and changing climate conditions.
This document discusses leadership and governance of the Great Lakes. It examines the various organizations that have authority over different aspects of the Great Lakes, including the International Joint Commission, Great Lakes Commission, Great Lakes Fishery Commission, U.S. EPA, Great Lakes states and tribes. Two key agreements that govern the lakes are highlighted: the Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement and the Great Lakes Water Resources Compact. The document also outlines the strategy of the Healing Our Waters Coalition to unify science, cleanup plans, stakeholders and messaging to advocate for increased funding and action to restore the Great Lakes.
“Engaging Diverse Communities in Social Ecological Restoration: The Mysterious and Inspiring Case of the Klamath Basin Agreements” – Hannah Gosnell, PhD (Keynote Speaker)
“Reaching America’s Modern Millennials”
“Cutting Edge Stakeholder Engagement” – Eric King and Keith Witcosky
“I See What You Mean!: Using Visuals to Engage Communities”
“Bringing Latino Voices to the Conversation: Creating a Vision for the Community’s Future.”
“Building Trust One Conservation at a Time”
“Cognitive Biases in Public Participation Processes”
Rural Climate Dialogues: Developing a Citizen-Based Response nado-web
The document summarizes the Rural Climate Dialogues project, which aims to engage rural communities in deliberations about climate change impacts and solutions. The project facilitates Citizens' Juries in rural communities to identify key climate challenges and opportunities. It describes the process used, including pre-jury stakeholder engagement, a 3-day jury with expert presentations and deliberations, and post-jury coordination of recommendations. It summarizes pilot projects in Morris, MN, Grand Rapids, MN, and Winona, MN, outlining the top concerns, opportunities, and actions identified by each community. It also provides examples of follow-up actions and outcomes in the communities.
This document summarizes a presentation given by an aquatic scientist to the Canadian Association of Environmental Law Societies on the need for clear communication between scientists, policymakers, and environmental lawyers. The scientist discusses how science has successfully informed policy on issues like mercury pollution in Canada and eutrophication in the Great Lakes through collaborative efforts. However, challenges remain like invasive species and climate change. The presentation emphasizes that good environmental policy requires incorporating objective scientific perspectives to develop effective legislation. It concludes by noting the potential closure of the Experimental Lakes Area research facility unless support is garnered.
IDNR Presentation on Opportunities for Evanston Partnershipcityofevanston
The City of Evanston held a community meeting on January 15, 2014 where the Illinois Department of Natural Resources gave a presentation on opportunities for a partnership.
This document provides a summary of an ethnographic study of the former U.S. Bureau of Mines Twin Cities Research Center property in Hennepin County, Minnesota. The study identified Coldwater Spring on the property as culturally significant to Dakota and Ojibwe peoples. Interviews found that the spring is associated with Dakota creation beliefs and ceremonies requiring pure spring water. The study recommends Coldwater Spring as eligible for listing on the National Register of Historic Places as a traditional cultural property. It also reports that a Dakota tribe considers the spring to be a Sacred Site.
The document summarizes a report by the Senate and Congressional Western Caucuses on state environmental stewardship. It finds that states are excelling at protecting species, water, land and air through tailored policies developed by thousands of state agency professionals. However, federal overreach through regulations and one-size-fits-all policies from agencies like EPA and Interior often undermine state efforts. The report highlights successful state programs in Colorado, including forest management, species protection initiatives, and water protection efforts, but notes these could be threatened by potential EPA regulations and ESA listings.
The royal commission on aboriginal peoples w bibliographyLaceyP
The Royal Commission on Aboriginal Peoples was established in 1991 in response to the Oka Crisis between indigenous and non-indigenous groups over land. The commission conducted research over 5 years, consulting with over 2000 indigenous people. It aimed to address the relationship between indigenous and non-indigenous peoples in Canada and make recommendations. However, the government failed to fully implement the commission's proposals to improve issues like indigenous self-governance, land claims, education, employment and living standards.
The royal commission on aboriginal peoples w bibliographyLaceyP
The Royal Commission on Aboriginal Peoples was established in 1991 in response to the Oka Crisis between indigenous and non-indigenous groups over land. The commission conducted research over 5 years, visiting communities and commissioning studies. It addressed issues like governance, lands, economy, culture, and the situation of indigenous peoples in northern Canada. However, the government did not fully implement the commission's recommendations, and socioeconomic gaps between indigenous and non-indigenous Canadians remain.
The document is a newsletter from the Society for Ecological Restoration (SER) that provides updates on upcoming ecological restoration events, news, and resources. It highlights an interview with Andy Der on National Public Radio about a Supreme Court case defining "navigable waters". It also mentions a new BBC series linking to SER's Indigenous Peoples' Restoration Network and how SER's definition of restoration guided Montana's Governor's Restoration Forum. The newsletter advertises SER's new online Career Center and the release of a DVD from their 2005 conference on traditional ecological knowledge.
The document summarizes recent conservation efforts and activities of the Kern-Kaweah Chapter of the Sierra Club in California. It recognizes Gordon Nipp for his work challenging housing developments and receiving an award. It also discusses proposals for a sand and gravel mining operation near Terra Bella and reforestation efforts in Sequoia National Forest that some members argue could do more environmental harm than good. Finally, it previews upcoming events and meetings for various Sierra Club groups in the region.
The annual report summarizes activities of the Northwest Indian Fisheries Commission and member tribes in 2022. Key points include: Lorraine Loomis, a longtime chairperson, passed away and Ed Johnstone was selected to fill her term. A statue of Billy Frank Jr. will represent Washington state in the U.S. Capitol. Salmon fisheries faced restrictions due to declining stocks. Tribes continued to manage shellfish harvests through agreements. The Quinault Indian Nation opened razor clam digs when toxins subsided. The Nisqually Tribe is testing use of cedar boughs to attract herring.
The Winona County Climate Dialogue is the third in a series of projects aimed at supporting rural citizens to assert leadership and build resiliency in the face of extreme weather and changing climate conditions.
The document is a report from the Washington Biodiversity Conservation Committee to the governor and state legislature summarizing their recommendations for developing a statewide biodiversity conservation strategy. The committee developed 7 recommendations including creating a statewide biodiversity strategy and council, a public education program, providing more assistance to local governments, improving nonregulatory conservation efforts on private land, and improving coordination between agencies. The committee believes these recommendations will help launch a new era of successful stewardship of Washington's natural diversity.
Integrating Historic Preservation into Disaster Planning and Recoverypreservationcombination
This document provides an overview of the National Trust for Historic Preservation's work in New Orleans after Hurricane Katrina, focusing on challenges integrating historic preservation into disaster recovery efforts. Some key issues discussed include proposed demolitions of historic buildings like Charity Hospital, challenges navigating regulatory processes like Section 106 reviews, and balancing recovery needs with preservation of historic character. Alternatives to the proposed new VA and LSU hospital campuses that would have demolished many historic structures were presented, but the proposed plans moved forward despite preservationist objections.
Similar to Water They Doing Right In Yakima? by Aldric Ulep - AWRA IWRM Conference 2014 (20)
Epcon is One of the World's leading Manufacturing Companies.EpconLP
Epcon is One of the World's leading Manufacturing Companies. With over 4000 installations worldwide, EPCON has been pioneering new techniques since 1977 that have become industry standards now. Founded in 1977, Epcon has grown from a one-man operation to a global leader in developing and manufacturing innovative air pollution control technology and industrial heating equipment.
ENVIRONMENT~ Renewable Energy Sources and their future prospects.tiwarimanvi3129
This presentation is for us to know that how our Environment need Attention for protection of our natural resources which are depleted day by day that's why we need to take time and shift our attention to renewable energy sources instead of non-renewable sources which are better and Eco-friendly for our environment. these renewable energy sources are so helpful for our planet and for every living organism which depends on environment.
Recycling and Disposal on SWM Raymond Einyu pptxRayLetai1
Increasing urbanization, rural–urban migration, rising standards of living, and rapid development associated with population growth have resulted in increased solid waste generation by industrial, domestic and other activities in Nairobi City. It has been noted in other contexts too that increasing population, changing consumption patterns, economic development, changing income, urbanization and industrialization all contribute to the increased generation of waste.
With the increasing urban population in Kenya, which is estimated to be growing at a rate higher than that of the country’s general population, waste generation and management is already a major challenge. The industrialization and urbanization process in the country, dominated by one major city – Nairobi, which has around four times the population of the next largest urban centre (Mombasa) – has witnessed an exponential increase in the generation of solid waste. It is projected that by 2030, about 50 per cent of the Kenyan population will be urban.
Aim:
A healthy, safe, secure and sustainable solid waste management system fit for a world – class city.
Improve and protect the public health of Nairobi residents and visitors.
Ecological health, diversity and productivity and maximize resource recovery through the participatory approach.
Goals:
Build awareness and capacity for source separation as essential components of sustainable waste management.
Build new environmentally sound infrastructure and systems for safe disposal of residual waste and replacing current dumpsites which should be commissioned.
Current solid waste management situation:
The status.
Solid waste generation rate is at 2240 tones / day
collection efficiently is at about 50%.
Actors i.e. city authorities, CBO’s , private firms and self-disposal
Current SWM Situation in Nairobi City:
Solid waste generation – collection – dumping
Good Practices:
• Separation – recycling – marketing.
• Open dumpsite dandora dump site through public education on source separation of waste, of which the situation can be reversed.
• Nairobi is one of the C40 cities in this respect , various actors in the solid waste management space have adopted a variety of technologies to reduce short lived climate pollutants including source separation , recycling , marketing of the recycled products.
• Through the network, it should expect to benefit from expertise of the different actors in the network in terms of applicable technologies and practices in reducing the short-lived climate pollutants.
Good practices:
Despite the dismal collection of solid waste in Nairobi city, there are practices and activities of informal actors (CBOs, CBO-SACCOs and yard shop operators) and other formal industrial actors on solid waste collection, recycling and waste reduction.
Practices and activities of these actor groups are viewed as innovations with the potential to change the way solid waste is handled.
CHALLENGES:
• Resource Allocation.
Climate Change All over the World .pptxsairaanwer024
Climate change refers to significant and lasting changes in the average weather patterns over periods ranging from decades to millions of years. It encompasses both global warming driven by human emissions of greenhouse gases and the resulting large-scale shifts in weather patterns. While climate change is a natural phenomenon, human activities, particularly since the Industrial Revolution, have accelerated its pace and intensity
Microbial characterisation and identification, and potability of River Kuywa ...Open Access Research Paper
Water contamination is one of the major causes of water borne diseases worldwide. In Kenya, approximately 43% of people lack access to potable water due to human contamination. River Kuywa water is currently experiencing contamination due to human activities. Its water is widely used for domestic, agricultural, industrial and recreational purposes. This study aimed at characterizing bacteria and fungi in river Kuywa water. Water samples were randomly collected from four sites of the river: site A (Matisi), site B (Ngwelo), site C (Nzoia water pump) and site D (Chalicha), during the dry season (January-March 2018) and wet season (April-July 2018) and were transported to Maseno University Microbiology and plant pathology laboratory for analysis. The characterization and identification of bacteria and fungi were carried out using standard microbiological techniques. Nine bacterial genera and three fungi were identified from Kuywa river water. Clostridium spp., Staphylococcus spp., Enterobacter spp., Streptococcus spp., E. coli, Klebsiella spp., Shigella spp., Proteus spp. and Salmonella spp. Fungi were Fusarium oxysporum, Aspergillus flavus complex and Penicillium species. Wet season recorded highest bacterial and fungal counts (6.61-7.66 and 3.83-6.75cfu/ml) respectively. The results indicated that the river Kuywa water is polluted and therefore unsafe for human consumption before treatment. It is therefore recommended that the communities to ensure that they boil water especially for drinking.
Improving the viability of probiotics by encapsulation methods for developmen...Open Access Research Paper
The popularity of functional foods among scientists and common people has been increasing day by day. Awareness and modernization make the consumer think better regarding food and nutrition. Now a day’s individual knows very well about the relation between food consumption and disease prevalence. Humans have a diversity of microbes in the gut that together form the gut microflora. Probiotics are the health-promoting live microbial cells improve host health through gut and brain connection and fighting against harmful bacteria. Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus are the two bacterial genera which are considered to be probiotic. These good bacteria are facing challenges of viability. There are so many factors such as sensitivity to heat, pH, acidity, osmotic effect, mechanical shear, chemical components, freezing and storage time as well which affects the viability of probiotics in the dairy food matrix as well as in the gut. Multiple efforts have been done in the past and ongoing in present for these beneficial microbial population stability until their destination in the gut. One of a useful technique known as microencapsulation makes the probiotic effective in the diversified conditions and maintain these microbe’s community to the optimum level for achieving targeted benefits. Dairy products are found to be an ideal vehicle for probiotic incorporation. It has been seen that the encapsulated microbial cells show higher viability than the free cells in different processing and storage conditions as well as against bile salts in the gut. They make the food functional when incorporated, without affecting the product sensory characteristics.
Kinetic studies on malachite green dye adsorption from aqueous solutions by A...Open Access Research Paper
Water polluted by dyestuffs compounds is a global threat to health and the environment; accordingly, we prepared a green novel sorbent chemical and Physical system from an algae, chitosan and chitosan nanoparticle and impregnated with algae with chitosan nanocomposite for the sorption of Malachite green dye from water. The algae with chitosan nanocomposite by a simple method and used as a recyclable and effective adsorbent for the removal of malachite green dye from aqueous solutions. Algae, chitosan, chitosan nanoparticle and algae with chitosan nanocomposite were characterized using different physicochemical methods. The functional groups and chemical compounds found in algae, chitosan, chitosan algae, chitosan nanoparticle, and chitosan nanoparticle with algae were identified using FTIR, SEM, and TGADTA/DTG techniques. The optimal adsorption conditions, different dosages, pH and Temperature the amount of algae with chitosan nanocomposite were determined. At optimized conditions and the batch equilibrium studies more than 99% of the dye was removed. The adsorption process data matched well kinetics showed that the reaction order for dye varied with pseudo-first order and pseudo-second order. Furthermore, the maximum adsorption capacity of the algae with chitosan nanocomposite toward malachite green dye reached as high as 15.5mg/g, respectively. Finally, multiple times reusing of algae with chitosan nanocomposite and removing dye from a real wastewater has made it a promising and attractive option for further practical applications.
Optimizing Post Remediation Groundwater Performance with Enhanced Microbiolog...Joshua Orris
Results of geophysics and pneumatic injection pilot tests during 2003 – 2007 yielded significant positive results for injection delivery design and contaminant mass treatment, resulting in permanent shut-down of an existing groundwater Pump & Treat system.
Accessible source areas were subsequently removed (2011) by soil excavation and treated with the placement of Emulsified Vegetable Oil EVO and zero-valent iron ZVI to accelerate treatment of impacted groundwater in overburden and weathered fractured bedrock. Post pilot test and post remediation groundwater monitoring has included analyses of CVOCs, organic fatty acids, dissolved gases and QuantArray® -Chlor to quantify key microorganisms (e.g., Dehalococcoides, Dehalobacter, etc.) and functional genes (e.g., vinyl chloride reductase, methane monooxygenase, etc.) to assess potential for reductive dechlorination and aerobic cometabolism of CVOCs.
In 2022, the first commercial application of MetaArray™ was performed at the site. MetaArray™ utilizes statistical analysis, such as principal component analysis and multivariate analysis to provide evidence that reductive dechlorination is active or even that it is slowing. This creates actionable data allowing users to save money by making important site management decisions earlier.
The results of the MetaArray™ analysis’ support vector machine (SVM) identified groundwater monitoring wells with a 80% confidence that were characterized as either Limited for Reductive Decholorination or had a High Reductive Reduction Dechlorination potential. The results of MetaArray™ will be used to further optimize the site’s post remediation monitoring program for monitored natural attenuation.
Presented by The Global Peatlands Assessment: Mapping, Policy, and Action at GLF Peatlands 2024 - The Global Peatlands Assessment: Mapping, Policy, and Action
14. Fish Passage
Fish Habitat Enhancement
Modification of Existing Structures and Operations
Surface Storage
Market-Based Reallocation
Groundwater Storage
EnhancedWater Conservation
23. 1. Design a semi-structured interview
2. Identify and contact stakeholders
3. Conduct, transcribe, and code interviews
4. Supplement with documents
24.
25.
26. Key Findings 1: Local groups
united on their
shared values
2: State and
federal leaders
pushed initiative
forward
3:Workgroup
committed to a
balanced approach
27. 1: Local groups united on their
shared values
You know, we've fought tooth and nail with
Roza Irrigation District in our long history.
We don't have a friendly relationship with
them, prior to this.We came together and
we both agreed, we can't go forward with
that proposal called Black Rock.
[Our joint letter to Reclamation and
Ecology] was co-signed, and that
shocked the valley. […] That was a
game-changer, I guess is how they
call it around here.
“
”
“
”
YAKAMA:
28. 1: Local groups united on their
shared values
[We realized] that our
interests were more similar
than different.Together,
we could convey an awful
lot of power.
ROZA:
“
”
29. 1: Local groups united on their
shared values
Sense of urgency; Frustration over lack of progress
Shared preference for a better alternative to Storage study
Recognition of power in collaboration
30. 2: State and federal leaders
pushed initiative forward
We got leadership at Reclamation
and leadership at Ecology to agree
with us, and that's when things
started to rapidly change.ROZA:
“
”
31. 2: State and federal leaders
pushed initiative forward
We had the right political
leadership.They all supported
moving forward on what we
called the integrated approach
to solving these problems.
“
”
ECOLOGY:
32. 2: State and federal leaders
pushed initiative forward
everybody at that point was
a lot more comfortable in
talking about the ultimate
solutions
“
”
RECLAMATION:
33. 2: State and federal leaders
pushed initiative forward
Responded to local concerns
Adjudication reduced conflict
“Water, Jobs and Fish Bill” enacted
34. 3:Workgroup committed to a
balanced approach
They're getting enough out of the
plan“
”Friends of
Bumping Lake
35. 3:Workgroup committed to a
balanced approach
We're not putting one
interest in front of the other.
“
”KITTITAS
COUNTY:
36. 3:Workgroup committed to a
balanced approach
Everyone was willing to compromise
Workgroup was consciously designed
Sopracciglio
Good morning
I will refer to this as the Integrated Plan
The group that created this plan was nationally recognized
There’s talk of it being a model for watershed management across the West
How did this group of decades-old enemies come to a consensus agreement?
Why Yakima?
First AWRA IWRM award in 2012
It’s been brought up several times over the past couple days
Against the odds, with several decades of quarreling, the Yakima River Basin Water Enhancement Project Workgroup, or the YRBWEP Workgroup, came to a consensus agreement on how to manage the basin’s waters looking forward.
And though I’ve asked myself this in different ways, the core question I’ve been working on for the last year is:
(Slow down)
Basin characteristics and history
The Yakima Integrated Plan
Previous watershed planning attempts: Yakima River Watershed Council
Literature on successful watershed partnerships
Findings from qualitative data
Basin characteristics and history
The Yakima Integrated Plan
Previous watershed planning attempts: Yakima River Watershed Council
Literature on successful watershed partnerships
Findings from qualitative data
Here’s the Yakima Basin, it’s in central WA
Multitude of water users
Notably: multibillion dollar agriculture-based economy
Two things led to concern over water shortages
Adapted from http://www.waterencyclopedia.com/images/wsci_04_img0559.jpg
2) Salmon that Yakama rely on are going extinct
Before the dams, salmon runs numbered in the hundreds of thousands
I mentioned some of the actors in the Basin, like the irrigators and the Yakama Indian Nation
These actors are not only stakeholders affected by the Plan, but also have representatives on the YRBWEP Workgroup
What is the YRBWEP Workgroup? Who else involved in this Plan?
-Overappropriation and drought
-During water shortage years, because of the water rights system in the Western U.S., some of the water is rationed
Water is imp’t to agriculture-based economy, and even a 70% proration has significant impacts on the yield
And it’s not just agriculture economy that’s affected
2) Salmon that Yakama rely on are going extinct
Before the dams, salmon runs numbered in the hundreds of thousands
I mentioned some of the actors in the Basin, like the irrigators and the Yakama Indian Nation
These actors are not only stakeholders affected by the Plan, but also have representatives on the YRBWEP Workgroup
What is the YRBWEP Workgroup? Who else involved in this Plan?
Five reservoirs = 1 million af of capacity
Snowpack = “sixth reservoir”
http://ybsa.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/03/Climate-Change-Forecast.jpg
Basin characteristics and history
The Yakima Integrated Plan
Previous watershed planning attempts: Yakima River Watershed Council
Literature on successful watershed partnerships
Findings from qualitative data
Grp that created the plan – composed of representatives from a variety of interests
Plan is a consensus agreement that all of these elements are necessary to meet the goals of the different actors on the YRBWEP Workgroup,
There were past efforts to create a solution to water shortage in the basin
* = signatories after consensus agreement on elements in the plan was made
Basin characteristics and history
The Yakima Integrated Plan
Previous watershed planning attempts: Yakima River Watershed Council
Literature on successful watershed partnerships
Findings from qualitative data
LOOK HOW UGLY THIS IS
Droughts spurred action
2009 – Workgroup formed out of Integrated Alternative EIS
2011 – Consensus agreement for integrated plan
Another way to pose my RQ: These efforts did not lead to an acceptable solution. What was different about the Integrated Plan? What changed this time around?
To answer this question, I looked at factors in previous literature
Basin characteristics and history
The Yakima Integrated Plan
Previous watershed planning attempts: Yakima River Watershed Council
Literature on successful watershed partnerships
Findings from qualitative data
Some might deride this definition of success as “symbolic policy;” in other words, organizational success does not necessarily lead to implementational success. Indeed, a body of literature argues against consensus agreement as a predictor of success of a collaborative watershed partnership (Kenney 2000); however, watershed partnerships exhibit variance regardless of this rule, and consensus agreement should not be argued against on principle (Conley and Moote 2003). The success of watershed partnerships truly lies in their results, which are hard to measure (Schlager and Blomquist 2008). While organizational success is not sufficient, it makes implementational success more probable and is important to study.
Leach and Pelkey is a meta analysis of such studies
These help me design my methods
Basin characteristics and history
The Yakima Integrated Plan
Previous watershed planning attempts: Yakima River Watershed Council
Literature on successful watershed partnerships
Findings from qualitative data
Conducted fourteen interviews with stakeholders (45-50 min)
Coded in NVivo – qualitative software
Applied codes based on the literature of successful collaborative watershed planning groups
Identify broader themes
Main pt: collected interviews
Here are my interviewees
Here’s what a code is and how I coded them
Here’s a sample coded transcript
Codes – When I label segments of a transcript that discuss a factor
Political, Scientific, Interpersonal
Now, after going through some analysis, what insights does my study provide?
Frustration over a lack of progress; “desperation”
Desperate times call for desperate measures
Roza+Yakama got together and wrote a joint letter;
interpersonal; dinner;
reached out and wrote mutual concerns;
signaled “basinwide” the bridge btwn irrigators and fish interests
Maybe letter was a promise of the power of cooperation (Don't you get tired of fighting sometimes? -Jewell)
Jewell: “The only way you really get what you want in life is by helping others get what they want.” – Zig Ziglar
Create power through allyship
[Our relationship started with] the mutual concern that the [Storage] study was not being properly conducted, that the whole study needed to start over and be done in a different manner, with local input.
(drought, climate change, growing water need)
Some of the overall sentiments I heard was….
The joint letter signaled the bridge btwn irrigators and fish interests
The next finding was that the government listened:
But [the Storage study] was government-driven, and they didn't listen to any of us that tried to provide input. We finally just got fed up until both the state and the federal government said, “This isn't working. It's going down the tubes, it's time to take a different direction.”
You had ppl who had been involve din litig for many many yrs over water issues int he basin and realized that they haven't gotten anywhere, just simply they were just beating e/o over the head and it wasn't really making progress. And I think…
Supported the movement through various efforts
The other thing that transpired in the mid 2000s was
State’s involvement was important; THEY answered the Roza & Yakama calls;
They initiated the Ecology study when the Reclamation storage study looked inadequate;
Initiated Study looking at a more integrated approach, to supplement the storage one being conducted by Reclamation
Gov. Jay Inslee – former Nat Rsrcs Cmte Chair – first legislative action as governor was “Water, Jobs and Fish Bill” for Ecology to implement YBIP
State legislature provided the money
State initiated the Adjudication which confirmed rights and reduced conflict (backup with data)
Gov. Chris Gregoire (former Ecology chair):
“Former Gov Christine Gregoire was instrumental in this, sort of to get a compromise piece of legislation that provided for fish flows and provided for some new out of stream water supply thru dvlpmt programs. “ - Ecology
Support of important stakeholders (angel shift: powerful allies) – Yakama gets what they want; they have a huge stake
Yakama didn’t like transfer from Columbia; irrigators didn’t like paying more for water; Ecology didn’t like contamination from Hanford; no one liked water loss due to leakage
State champions / “policy entrepreneurs”
Federal:
Rep. Doc Hastings pushed for YRBWEP funding; Chair of Cmte on Natural Rsrcs
Rep. Sid Morrison pushed for it in House
Sen. Henry Jackson (authored NEPA)
Sen. Daniel Evans (former Gov. of Washington; founder of WA Dept of Ecology) also sponsored bills in support
Overall, I think the balanced nature of the plan I think is really important. The fact that you've got the members advocating for every aspect I think is important. But
Not only that, all Wkgp members respected each others’ goals and supported them, even if they would traditionally be against it
i.e. And now what you've ended up with is a situation where you have farmers advocating for the interests of fish restoration. And you have environmental groups […] advocating for new storage projects i.e. dams and expansions of reservoirs. That's pretty unusual.
Nobody gets their full wishlist, but everybody gets something that puts them in a better position than they've ever been – Roza
Most of these ppl were satisfied by Dec 2009: w/ the prelim IWRMP
These ppl were involved from the start: Sandison, Van Gundy, Rigdon
Newer grassroots groups are not satisfied
YBSA formed – opposition; first initiative was to fund Black Rock study
Friends of Bumping Lake and enviros e.g. Sierra Club (Washington Chapter) –opposition; did not exist before basin planning efforts
To exclude some of the more extreme hardline groups that would veto everything (*QUOTE: you don’t want people like that who are against everything – Roza)
Conflict reduction – wkgp served as discussion forum
Workgroup meetings were a way for stakeholders to express shared value, mutual concern; gave sense of ownership and empowerment
Built on previous efforts and streamlined them
But they were set also based on who would recognize the integrated nature of the plan, e.g. excluded local environmental groups
I will now offer a few reflections.
Luck is what happens when preparation meets opportunity
Some of these might be obvious, but it helps point to what watershed partnerships should prioritize in the development and implementation of a basin management plan
Maintaining relationships through implementation
Appealing to Congress without Rep. Doc Hastings
Securing funding
In the spirit of the conference theme, I offer some reflections on IWRM.
Before I end, I want to thank the Stanford Woods Institute for the Environment, the Stanford Bill Lane Center for the American West, and the Stanford Public Policy Program for supporting my research.
Thank you