The document discusses water impurities and methods for purifying water. It notes that while 71% of the Earth is covered in water, only a small portion is potable. Water becomes polluted through waste and other sources. Impurities can be soluble, like salt, or insoluble, like sand and mud. Soluble impurities can be removed through evaporation or distillation. Insoluble impurities are removed through sedimentation, decantation, or filtration. Additional steps like boiling and chlorination can further purify drinking water.