The document outlines wastewater management strategies for industrial clients, emphasizing the importance of recycling and water reuse to minimize environmental impact and reduce costs. It details the consulting process for evaluating wastewater flows, treatment options, and compliance with legislation, illustrated with examples from the food and textile industries. The conclusion highlights challenges in achieving a closed loop for water use while noting that significant cost savings can be achieved through effective recycling strategies.

1. Wastewater
Management
Peter Metzen, HPC
Eize Drenth, Antea Group

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Content:
• Introduction
• Standard types of discharge
• Scope of consulting for industrial clients
• Recycling of discharge type 1 – Example Food industry
• Recycling of discharge type 2 – Example Textile industry
• Recycling of discharge type 3 – Example Industrial park
• Conclusion

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Introduction
• Closed loop for water is a common wish for most industrial
wastewater producers
• What means „closed loop“?
- Installation of maximum possible rate for reuse or
recycling of treated wastewater
- Reduction of water footprint
- Reduction of environmental impact
- Zero emission of wastewater is under normal
commercial conditions not possible

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Industrial clients
Scope of consulting/engineering in industrial wastewater projects
• Preparation of a wastewater cadastre
• Evaluation of actual costs for wastewaterdisposal
• Definition of quality requirements for reuse of water in production
• Evaluation of actual or expected legislation
• Identification of future cost and possible savings
• New developments and new process technologies
• Concept for watermanagement in production
• Technical/commercial report as base for a decision
After Decision of client:
• Detail Design and all engineering services needed for the treatmentplant and
waterrecycling
• Start of plant operation and training of staff
• Engineering and Installation

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Industrial clients
Scope of works for wastewater cadastre
• Integrated Status analysis (Fresh water, wastewater, wastes)
• Preparation of a wastewater cadastre
• Wastewater flows and wastewater sources and waterquality (analytic)
• Are different wastewater types collected together or separately?
• What Quality requirements for reuse of water are relevant?
Example:

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Standard types of discharge
Industrial plant
Municipal
Wastewater Treatment Plant
River
direct discharger
wastewater
Industrial
wastewater
treatment plant

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Standard types of discharge
directdischarger
indirectdischarger
CN =
5 m-1
CN =
25 m-1
CN =
85 m-1
rawwastewater
example:
different effluent qualities
after treatment

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Recycling of discharge type 1
Industrial plant
wastewater
Recycling XX %
Industrial
wastewater
treatment plant
Municipal
Wastewater Treatment Plant
River
indirect

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Situation
The malthouse formerly had the status of a direct discharger and was forced by
the local authority to become a indirect discharger.
Consequences for malthouse
• Price for the wastewater discharge into sewer system: 2,88 €/m³
• Yearly fee for wastewater discharge: appr. 1.500.000,- € per year
Example: Food Industry

10. Without recycling
fresh water demand: 70 m³/h
wastewater: 56 m³/h
With recycling 80%
fresh water demand: 26 m³/h
wastewater: 12 m³/h
Example: Food Industry

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Solution designed
Reduce the wastewater quantity from 100% to 20% by designing a complex water
recycling.
• 80 % of the water is recycled to drinking water quality (appr. 420.000 m³/a) and
used in production
• 20 % of the water is discharged (appr. 105.000 m³/a)
• Invest of recycling plant: 1.250.000,- €
• Spec. price of recycling: appr. 1,20 €/m³ versus 2,88 €/m³ for disposal
Benefits for malthouse
• Saving on wastewater fee: appr. 705.000,- € per year
• Saving on rainwater fee: appr. 280.000 € per year
Example: Food Industry

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Recycling of discharge type 2
Industrial plant
Municipal
WWTP
Industrial
wastewater
treatment plant
Treatment
effluent

13. Example: Textile Industry
recycling water stream
anaerobic
treatment
biomass
aerobic
treatment
biomass-
separation
wastewater stream
anaerobic
treatment
aerobic
treatment
biomass-
separation
biomass
well water
conditioning
municipal
wastewater
treatment plantproduction
pre-treatment
dyeing
printing
tightening
washing
aerobic treatment
with
membrane filtration
filtrate
biomass
process water
storage
tank
oxidative treatment
for decolorisation
ozone
flow chart

14. Specification and
Requirements:
Crude water
DOC: 209 - 367 [mg/l]
colour number CN
49 - 115 [1/m]
Pre-treatment of
wastewater for further
treatment in urban
waste treatment plant
(wastewater stream)
Treatment of wastewater
for reuse in textile factory
(recycling water stream)
Example: Textile Industry

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Recycling of discharge type 3
Industrial Park
Industrial plant
River
wastewater
recycling XX %
Industrial
wastewater
treatment plant
Treatment

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Example: Industrial Park
Turn-Key
- wastewater treatment
- complexe cyanide
- infl. 190 mg/l effl. 0,9 mg/l
- CE-declaration
- NRB-directives
- BRL-directives
- construction/engineering
- Mechanical en Electrical
- delivery: December 2016
Manufacturer
- herbicide (dichlobenil)
- synth. oil voor windturbines
- worldwide approx. 900 MEuro
Roadmap
- 2 year research with client
- tech-partner
Van Remmen UV Techniek B.V.

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Example: Industrial Park
EU-wastewater derectives:
- prohibited to discharge waste water to the surface water
- change in content waste water
Question:
• Ammonium 50 mg/l
• Cyanide totaal 160 mg/l
• Indamp rest 41 g/l
• Chloride 3200 mg/l
• Carbonaat 13.700 mg/l
• Bicarbonaat 17.000 mg/l
• Natrium 13.000 mg/l
• pH 11

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Example: Industrial Park

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Standard solution in the past for industrial plants
Discharge of the wastewater without recycling
Reasons for water recycling
• reduction of costs
• in some regions: unsufficient water supply
• reduction of water footprint
• environmental foot print
• new developments
Technical view
• the higher the recycling quote the bigger the costs
• recycling quote up to 60 – 80 % save costs
• 100% closed loop is almost not possible
• residuals (salts, screenings, concentrates etc) have to be disposed
Conclusion

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